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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase II start site detection using artificial neural networks

Myburgh, Gerbert 24 January 2006 (has links)
An automated detection process for Eukaryotic ribonucleic acid (RNA) Polymerase II Promoter is presented in this dissertation. We employ an artificial neural network (ANN) in conjunction with features that were selected using an information-theoretic approach. Firstly an introduction is given where the problem is described briefly. Some background is given about the biological and genetic principles involved in DNA, RNA and Promoter detection. The automation process is described with each step given in detail. This includes the data information gathering, feature generation, and the full ANN process. The ANN section of the project is split up in a generation process, a training section as well as a testing section. Lastly the final detection program was tested and compared to other promoter detection systems. An improvement of at least 10% in positive prediction value (PPV) in comparison with current state-of-the-art solutions was obtained. Note: A Companion CD should accompany this report that contains all the program code and some of the source data that was used in this project. All the references to “Companion CD”, reference number [18] are references to these programs.acquisition process, how the different samples were split into different sets and statistical. / Dissertation (MEng (Computer Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted
2

VR interaktivní aplikace / VR Interactive Application

Valenta, Marek January 2018 (has links)
This document is primarily concerned with describing the development of an interactive virtual reality application. At the beginning is a description of the history of the VR, dating back to the 19th century. Following it is a description of the devices that are currently being used for the VR and for which this application is created. The Unity 3D development environment is presented, which is, together with the basic description of neural networks, a major part of the whole project. The other half describes the design and implementation of simulation of a magical world, including a new magic spell system that has not yet been used in any VR game, which is the recognition of hand gestures for spell creation by using neural network. The work also contains a description of the whole application, rooms and objects. The conclusion discusses the problems and dead ends that have been tried but failed.
3

Otimização de um processo industrial de produção de isopreno via redes neurais. / Optimization of an industrial process for isoprene production using neural networks.

Alves, Rita Maria de Brito 02 July 2003 (has links)
Este trabalho descreve a aplicação de redes neurais \"feed-forward\" com três camadas em diferentes áreas da Engenharia Química. O objetivo principal do projeto é a modelagem, simulação e posterior otimização do processo de produção de isopreno empregando técnicas de redes neurais em substituição as equações de modelagem fenomenológica. A planta industrial testada é a unidade de produção de isopreno da BRASKEM (antiga COPENE). O sistema consiste essencialmente de um reator de dimerização e uma série de colunas de destilação. Uma vez que redes neurais são capazes de aprender eficientemente o processo a partir de informações extraídas diretamente de dados da planta, para este trabalho o modelo de rede neural gerado foi construído a partir de dados históricos operacionais coletados a cada 15 minutos durante o período de 1 ano. Em uma primeira etapa é realizada a análise dos dados operacionais de modo a detectar e eliminar erros grosseiros e sistemáticos. Em seguida, a modelagem e simulação do processo são realizadas. O modelo de redes neurais gerado é, então, empregado na otimização qualitativa/quantitativa do processo, construindo um \"grid\" de busca detalhado da região de interesse, através um mapeamento completo da função objetivo no espaço das variáveis de decisão. A segunda etapa diz respeito à predição de azeótropos, visando um melhor entendimento do comportamento do sistema da seção de extração de isopreno. Nas duas etapas, a grande vantagem em utilizar modelos de redes neurais, além de ajustar dados, é a capacidade que estes apresentam em representar eficientemente sistemas multivariáveis, complexos e não lineares, aprendendo o sistema, sem o conhecimento das leis físicas e químicas que o regem. Comparações entre a predição dos modelos propostos e os dados experimentais foram executadas e resultados muito bons foram conseguidos do ponto de vista industrial. ) Esta metodologia fornece informações interessantes e de maior compreensão para a análise dos engenheiros de processo do que os procedimentos convencionais correspondentes. Além disso, este trabalho mostra que a metodologia de redes neurais é promissora para varias aplicações indústrias, tais como análise de dados, modelagem, simulação e otimização de processos, bem como predição de propriedades termodinâmicas. / This work describes the application of a three-layer feed-forward neural network (NN) in different areas of chemical engineering. The main objective of this study is to model, simulate and optimize a real industrial plant, using NN by replacing phenomenological models. The industrial process studied is the isoprene production unit from BRASKEM. The chemical process consists basically of a dimerization reactor and a separation column train. Since NNs are able to extract information from plant data in an efficient manner, for this work, the neural network model was built directly from historical plant data, which were collected every 15 minutes during a period of one year. These data were carefully analyzed in order to identify and eliminate gross error data and non-steady state operation data. The modeling using NN was carried out by parts in order to get information on intermediate streams. Then, the global model was built, by interconnecting each individual model, and used to simulate and optimize the process. The optimization procedure carries on a detailed grid search of the region of interest, by a full mapping of the objective function on the space of decision variables. The second stage of this work deals with the azeotropic prediction using also the neural network approach. The objective of this step was to obtain a better understanding of the system behavior in the isoprene extraction section. Since all the cases studied are non-linear, complex andmultivariable systems, NN approach appears as a technique of interest due to its capability of learning the system without knowledge of the physical and chemical laws that govern it. Comparisons between the model\'s prediction and the experimental data were performed and reasonable results were achieved from an industrial point of view. ) Using neural network approach provides more comprehensive information for an engineer\'s analysis than the conventional procedure. This work shows that the use of NN methodology is promising for several industrial applications, such as data analysis, modeling, simulation and optimization process, as well as thermodynamics properties prediction. However, success in obtaining a reliable and robust NN depends strongly on the choice of the variables involved, as well as the quality of available data set and the domain used for training purposes.
4

Otimização de um processo industrial de produção de isopreno via redes neurais. / Optimization of an industrial process for isoprene production using neural networks.

Rita Maria de Brito Alves 02 July 2003 (has links)
Este trabalho descreve a aplicação de redes neurais \"feed-forward\" com três camadas em diferentes áreas da Engenharia Química. O objetivo principal do projeto é a modelagem, simulação e posterior otimização do processo de produção de isopreno empregando técnicas de redes neurais em substituição as equações de modelagem fenomenológica. A planta industrial testada é a unidade de produção de isopreno da BRASKEM (antiga COPENE). O sistema consiste essencialmente de um reator de dimerização e uma série de colunas de destilação. Uma vez que redes neurais são capazes de aprender eficientemente o processo a partir de informações extraídas diretamente de dados da planta, para este trabalho o modelo de rede neural gerado foi construído a partir de dados históricos operacionais coletados a cada 15 minutos durante o período de 1 ano. Em uma primeira etapa é realizada a análise dos dados operacionais de modo a detectar e eliminar erros grosseiros e sistemáticos. Em seguida, a modelagem e simulação do processo são realizadas. O modelo de redes neurais gerado é, então, empregado na otimização qualitativa/quantitativa do processo, construindo um \"grid\" de busca detalhado da região de interesse, através um mapeamento completo da função objetivo no espaço das variáveis de decisão. A segunda etapa diz respeito à predição de azeótropos, visando um melhor entendimento do comportamento do sistema da seção de extração de isopreno. Nas duas etapas, a grande vantagem em utilizar modelos de redes neurais, além de ajustar dados, é a capacidade que estes apresentam em representar eficientemente sistemas multivariáveis, complexos e não lineares, aprendendo o sistema, sem o conhecimento das leis físicas e químicas que o regem. Comparações entre a predição dos modelos propostos e os dados experimentais foram executadas e resultados muito bons foram conseguidos do ponto de vista industrial. ) Esta metodologia fornece informações interessantes e de maior compreensão para a análise dos engenheiros de processo do que os procedimentos convencionais correspondentes. Além disso, este trabalho mostra que a metodologia de redes neurais é promissora para varias aplicações indústrias, tais como análise de dados, modelagem, simulação e otimização de processos, bem como predição de propriedades termodinâmicas. / This work describes the application of a three-layer feed-forward neural network (NN) in different areas of chemical engineering. The main objective of this study is to model, simulate and optimize a real industrial plant, using NN by replacing phenomenological models. The industrial process studied is the isoprene production unit from BRASKEM. The chemical process consists basically of a dimerization reactor and a separation column train. Since NNs are able to extract information from plant data in an efficient manner, for this work, the neural network model was built directly from historical plant data, which were collected every 15 minutes during a period of one year. These data were carefully analyzed in order to identify and eliminate gross error data and non-steady state operation data. The modeling using NN was carried out by parts in order to get information on intermediate streams. Then, the global model was built, by interconnecting each individual model, and used to simulate and optimize the process. The optimization procedure carries on a detailed grid search of the region of interest, by a full mapping of the objective function on the space of decision variables. The second stage of this work deals with the azeotropic prediction using also the neural network approach. The objective of this step was to obtain a better understanding of the system behavior in the isoprene extraction section. Since all the cases studied are non-linear, complex andmultivariable systems, NN approach appears as a technique of interest due to its capability of learning the system without knowledge of the physical and chemical laws that govern it. Comparisons between the model\'s prediction and the experimental data were performed and reasonable results were achieved from an industrial point of view. ) Using neural network approach provides more comprehensive information for an engineer\'s analysis than the conventional procedure. This work shows that the use of NN methodology is promising for several industrial applications, such as data analysis, modeling, simulation and optimization process, as well as thermodynamics properties prediction. However, success in obtaining a reliable and robust NN depends strongly on the choice of the variables involved, as well as the quality of available data set and the domain used for training purposes.

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