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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Development of a sub-glacial array of radio antennas for the detection of the flux of GZK neutrinos

Meures, Thomas 12 December 2014 (has links)
GZK neutrino are interesting messenger particles since, if detected, they can transmit<p>us exclusive information about ultra-high energy processes in the Universe. These particles,<p>which hold energies above 10^16 eV, interact very rarely. Therefore, detectors of<p>several gigatons of matter are needed to discover them. The ARA detector is planned<p>and currently being constructed at the South Pole. It is designed to use the Askaryan<p>effect, the emission of radio waves from neutrino induced cascades in the South Pole ice,<p>to detect neutrino interactions. With antennas distributed in 37 stations in the ice, such<p>interactions can be observed in a volume of several hundred cubic kilometers. Currently<p>2 ARA stations have been deployed in the ice and are taking data since the beginning<p>of the year 2013.<p>The first part of this thesis summarizes the current theories concerning the GZK mechanism<p>and the Askaryan effect to explain the interest in GZK neutrinos and in the used<p>detection method.<p>In the second part the ARA detector is described and calibrations of different detector<p>parts are presented. In this work, the digitization chips have been calibrated concerning<p>their timing precision and signal amplitude. In this way a timing precision of 100 ps<p>between antennas could be achieved. Furthermore, the geometry of the antenna clusters<p>is determined by cuts based on external signals to allow for a proper radio vertex reconstruction.<p>In the third part of the thesis the development of methods to distinguish radio signals<p>from thermal noise are presented. Moreover, a reconstruction method, developed to determine<p>the position of radio sources, is described. With only two stations operational<p>a discovery of GZK neutrinos is not expected and in fact no signal candidate has been<p>found in the analysis of the data. A neutrino <p>ux limit is calculated. This limit is not<p>competitive yet with the current best limits, but very promising for the full ARA detector.<p>The work shows that after completion this detector is expected to be capable of a<p>neutrino discovery. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
92

Novos limites para violação do princípio da equivalência em neutrinos solares / New limits for the violation of the equivalence prinriple on solar neutrinos

Valdiviesso, Gustavo do Amaral 12 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Marcelo Moraes Guzzo e Pedro Cunha de Holanda. / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin. / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T12:12:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdiviesso_GustavodoAmaral_D.pdf: 2795816 bytes, checksum: 93e348ecdbd1623e5c6992f732c0af14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, estudamos o modelo para violação do princípio da equivalência (VEP) em neutrinos solares e de reatores. Este modelo já foi considerado como uma solução promissora ao problema do neutrino solar (PNS), mas foi descartado por não ser capaz de explicar os dados referentes a neutrinos solares e anti-neutrinos de reatores, com um mesmo conjunto de parâmetros físicos. O modelo de mistura massa-sabor em conjunto com o efeito MSW tem se mostrado como único capaz de explicar todos os dados disponíveis na área. Novos limites para a violação do princípio da equivalência podem ser obtidos para neutrinos solares e de reatores, considerando agora um modelo combinado entre a hipótese de mistura massa-sabor e o modelo de VEP. Nossa análise mostra uma tendência favorável a duas soluções conjuntas onde os efeitos de VEP praticamente não alteram neutrinos solares: uma em que a escala de massa dos neutrinos de reatores permanece inalterada e outra onde tal escala cai levemente, se aproximando do resultado para o ajuste somente dos dados solares. A solução conjunta aponta para o seguinte conjunto de parâmetros: | f D g | = 9,12 + 0,97 -0,78 × 10-21, tan 2 q = 0,478 +0,040-0,038 e D m2 = 6,63 ± 0,31 × 10-5 eV 2 (77,7% C.L.) e | f D g | = 1,91+0,84 -0,61× 10-21, tan 2 q = 0,478+0,040-0,038 e D m2 = 7,73 +0,17-0,20 × 10-5 eV 2 (77,7% C.L.). Ambas soluções melhoram o nível de confiança com relação à solução MSW (tan2 q = 0,462+0,043-0,036 e D m2 = 7,75+0,16-0,12 x 10-5 eV2, 73,1% C.L.) Um limite superior para VEP foi obtido como sendo |f D g | £ 1,3 ×10-20(3 s ) sobre a solução MSW. / Abstract: In this work, we studied the model for the violation of the equivalence principle (VEP) on solar and reactor neutrinos. This model was already considered as a promising solution to the solar neutrino problem (SNP), but was abandoned because it wasn¿t able to explain all the data with a single set of physical parameters. The mass- avor mixing model, together with the MSW effect has been shown to as the only model able do explain all the available data. New limits for the VEP are obtained for solar and reactor neutrinos, considering a combined model, with the mass- avor mixing hypothesis and the VEP model. Our analysis shows two solutions were the VEP effects practically don¿t change the solar sector: one where the mass scale of the reactor sector remains the same and another one where this scale falls slightly, becoming closer to the solar solution. The combined solution points to the following set of parameters: a "higher vep" | f D g | = 9,12 + 0,97 -0,78 × 10-21, tan 2 q = 0,478 +0,040-0,038 and D m2 = 6,63 ± 0,31 × 10-5 eV 2 (77,7% C.L.) and a "lower vep" | f D g | = 1,91+0,84 -0,61× 10-21, tan 2 q = 0,478+0,040-0,038 e D m2 = 7,73 +0,17-0,20 × 10-5 eV 2 (77,7% C.L.). Both solutions increases the confidence level when compared with the MSW solution (tan2 q = 0,462+0,043-0,036 and D m2 = 7,75+0,16-0,12 x 10-5 eV 2, 73,1% C.L.) A superior limit has also been obtained for VEP: |f D g | £ 1,3 ×10-20(3 s ) over the MSW solution. / Doutorado / Física das Particulas Elementares e Campos / Doutor em Ciências
93

Fenomenologia de neutrinos atmosféricos com neutrinos de massa variável / Atmospheric neutrino phenomenology with mass varying neutrinos

Gratieri, Diego Rossi, 1982- 05 July 2012 (has links)
Orientador: Orlando Luis Goulart Peres / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T17:03:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gratieri_DiegoRossi_D.pdf: 1179296 bytes, checksum: 9a313c3efcf6512bd55d97d0b99d491b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho obtemos de forma independente a descrição da distribuição angular dos eventos de neutrinos atmosféricos vistos pelo detector Super-Kamiokande tanto para as regiões de sub-GeV como multi-GeV. Para tal, estudamos de forma detalhada a seção de choque neutrinonucleon para processos de espalhamento via corrente carregada para todo o intervalo de energia pelo qual o fluxo de neutrinos atmosféricos se estende. Integramos então o produto do fluxo de neutrinos atmosféricos pela seção de choque de detecção dos neutrinos e pela probabilidade de oscilação padrão de neutrinos atmosféricos e obtemos a distribuição angular de eventos em Super-Kamiokande. Através de análise de X2 obtivemos uma região permitida para os parâmetros de oscilação padrão de neutrinos atmosféricos, a diferença quadrática de massas, e o ângulo de mistura, sen2(2?23), compatível com a existente na literatura. Como um teste para oscilação não padrão introduzimos o modelo de neutrinos com massa variável(MaVaN¿s), no qual a massa dos neutrinos depende da densidade do meio. Tal efeito é obtido ao incluir um acoplamento do tipo Yukawa entre os neutrinos e um campo escalar neutro cuja concentração depende da densidade do meio. Estudamos como a inclusão deste efeito altera a probabilidade de oscilação Pµ?µ e, consequentemente, a descrição dos dados de Super-Kamiokande. Obtemos um limite para o parâmetro aMaV aN responsável pela intensidade deste novo efeito, sendo que soluções cuja intensidade do efeito de MaVaN é de 40% ou maior, em comparação com a intensidade da oscilação padrção são excluídas com 90% de nível de confiança / Abstract: In this work we obtain in a independent way the description of the angular distribution of atmospheric neutrino events as seen by the Super-Kamiokande collaboration for the events in the sub-GeV and multi-GeV range. As a first step in this description, we study the neutrino-nucleon charged current cross section for the hole energy range of the experiment, and obtain the number of neutrino events as a function of energy and zenith angle. Including neutrino oscillations in the picture allows us to describe the data from the Super-Kamiokande experiment. We obtain the allowed region for the oscillation parameters ?m223 and sin2(2?23) in reasonable agreement with the result found in the literature. As a test for a non-standard oscillation mechanism we introduce the concept of MaVaN (Mass Varying Neutrinos), derived from the coupling of the neutrinos with a neutral scalar who has its concentration depending of local matter density. The neutrino oscillation probability so changes from the standard oscillation with consequences for the allowed region of oscillation parameters. The parameter amavan describes the relative weight of usual oscillation terms and the MaVaN terms, being aMaV aN = 1 when the two terms are equal. We have found that aMaV aN should be smaller then 0,4 at 90 % C.L. / Doutorado / Física / Doutor em Ciências
94

Descoerência na propagação de neutrinos

Melo, Fernando da Rocha Vaz Bandeira de 25 February 2003 (has links)
Orientador: Marcelo Moraes Guzzo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T17:45:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo_FernandodaRochaVazBandeirade_M.pdf: 924989 bytes, checksum: 93a7d86291a1df782a2842eec0034cdf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: Nesta dissertação discutimos a evolução temporal dos Neutrinos adicionando o fenômeno da descoerência ao da oscilação de sabor. Descrevemos de forma bastante detalhada como a descoerência fenomenológica deve ser adicionada à evolução e quais as conseqiiências e diversas possiblidades que esta nos traz. Descobrimos três novas dinâmicas para o sistema dos Neutrinos quanto descoerência lhe é adicionada, as quais até então não tinham sido exploradas. Para o caso de Neutrinos atmosféricos obtivemos que os novos dados do experimento Super-Kamiokande não estão mais de acordo com uma descoerência pura. Testamos também a solução de descoerência pura para os recentes dados experimentais de KamLAND. Apesar de utilizar Neutrinos provenientes de reatores nucleares este experimento .estuda a região de parâmetros da, até presente data, melhor solução ao déficit dos Neutrinos solares: a solução LMA ("Large Mixing Angle") do efeito MSW. Um bom ajuste para KamLAND é necessário para que haja uma boa solução aos Neutrinos que provêm do Sol / Abstract: In this work we discuss the Neutrino temporal evolution adding the decoherence phenomenon to flavor oscillation. We describe very carefully how the phenomenological decoherence should be added to the evolution and what are the consequences and possibilities that this choice bring to us. Imposing decoherence we found three new dynamics to Neutrino system that were not explored until now. For atmospheric Neutrinos we show that the new Super-Kamiokande experimental data is not anymore in agreement with apure decoherence flavor conversion solution. We also tested the pure decoherence solution to the recent experimental data from Kam-LAND [1]. Although reactor Neutrinos are used in this experiment, it is build to explore the parameter space of the best solution to the solar Neutrino problem: the Large Mixing Angle MSW solution. We found that a massless solution induced by decoherence can explain the data. A good fit to KamLAND data is necessary to a good solution to solar Neutrinos / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física
95

Measuring θ₁₃ via muon neutrino to electron neutrino oscillations in the MINOS experiment

Toner, Ruth Bushnell January 2012 (has links)
One of the primary goals in neutrino physics at the present moment is to make a measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameter B13 . This parameter, in addition to being unknown, could potentially allow for the introduction of CP violation into the lepton sector. The MINOS long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment has the ability to make a measurement of this parameter, by looking for the oscillation of muon neutrinos to electron neutrinos between a Near and Far Detector over a distance of 735 km. This thesis discusses the development of an analysis framework to search for this oscillation mode. Two major improvements to pre-existing analysis techniques have been implemented by the author. First, a novel particle ID technique based on strip topology, known as the Library Event Matching (LEM) method, is optimized for use in MINOS. Second, a multiple bin likelihood method is developed to fit the data. These two improvements, when combined, increase MINOS' sensitivity to sin2(W13 ) by 27% over previous analyses. This thesis sees a small excess over background in the Far Detector. A Frequentist interpretation of the data rules out B13 = 0 at 91 %. A Bayesian interpretation of the data is also presented, placing the most stringent upper boundary on the oscillation parameter to date, at sin2 (2B13 ) < 0.09(0.015) for the Normal (Inverted) Hierarchy and 6cp = 0.
96

The effects of massive neutrinos and their mixings on muon decay

Kalyniak, Patricia Ann January 1982 (has links)
This thesis contains a study of the effects of massive Dirac and Majorana neutrinos and their mixings in the e’ spectrum for the muon decay μ⁺→e⁺ v[sub=e]v[sub=μ] (v[sub=μ; sup=c]. The spectra for both polarized and unpolarized muons are given for the three-neutrino world with a single neutrino of mass in the MeV/c² range. Electron-neutrino correlations are calculated and proposed as a possible signature of Majorana neutrinos. The first-order radiative corrections to the muon decay and the radiative decay μ⁺→e⁺ v[sub=e][v=sub u] are included in this analysis for the case of a single Dirac neutrino of mass in the MeV/c² range mixing into the three-neutrino world. The method of dimensional regularization is used for the calculation of the radiative corrections. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate
97

Using the dark to see:dark matter and neutrinos enlighten the Universe

Laha, Ranjan January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
98

Prompt neutrino production in a beam dump experiment/

Crisler, Michael Bruce, January 1983 (has links)
No description available.
99

Charmed-particle lifetime measurements and limits for neutrino oscillations and the existence of the tau neutrino /

Gauthier, Alain January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
100

Gamow-Teller strength distributions for solar neutrino detectors via the (p,n) reaction /

Krofcheck, David January 1987 (has links)
No description available.

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