Aquatic plants play an important role in the survival and proliferation of invertebrates in freshwater ecosystems. Exotic plants are now common in North American lakes and rivers, where they may displace native plants, thereby potentially altering epiphytic invertebrate communities. Differences in aquatic invertebrate communities on native and exotic plants are examined here through (1) a meta-analysis of published data, and (2) two field surveys in northeastern North America that compared invertebrates on the exotic Myriophyllum spicatum and Potamogeton crispus to those on their native congeners. The meta-analysis revealed that exotic plants generally support lower invertebrate abundance than do natives, while invertebrate taxa richness tends to be similar on exotic and native plants. The field surveys demonstrated that M. spicatum and P. crispus support significantly different invertebrate densities and lower taxa richness than their structurally similar native congeners. These results suggest that the replacement of native plants by exotics---even those with similar morphology---may cause concomitant changes to aquatic ecosystems.

Substance abuse is an expensive problem facing the American public and the criminal justice field. Using secondary data analysis this study examined 1,921 participants across five substance abuse programs within California and New York jail systems. Specifically this study explored the impact of location, demographic characteristics, offense committed, and previous drug treatment on successful completion of the treatment program. Descriptive analyses were used to examine the demographic characteristics of the sample and the types of drugs used by participants in the thirty days prior to jail admission. Results from bivariate analyses indicated that location, demographic characteristics, and previous drug treatment were all significantly related to successful completion. Implications for current correctional treatment programs and future research on this topic are discussed

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Richard Alan Daynard. / Ph.D.

Scholars investigating the middle-class front yard revealed that landscape taste is a major influence of this domestic space’s character. Taste is a process by which people judge the aesthetic values of design. Membership and social status are important middle-class ideals bestowed by taste. However, the formation of middle-class taste has changed and front yards resulted in arrangements of edges, objects, and boundaries. This thesis investigates how edges, objects, and boundaries, e.g., edge of sidewalk and lawn, a flagpole, or a fence, observed in the middle-class front yard reflect a particular landscape taste that influences the space’s character. Its purpose is to gain knowledge about what qualities are important to homeowners, how they change through time, and what affects the construction of taste in the residential landscape. Recent research in the fields of cultural geography and landscape architecture found differences between how middle-class homeowners and professional designers define the front yard. These differences contribute to a general theory establishing a foundation for this study; the middle-class front yard has acquired a common place role in the American suburb. It was hypothesized that edges, objects, and boundaries indicate changes in landscape taste and reflect the front yards’ character. Forty middle-class front yards in Glen Cove, New York were randomly selected as study sites. Data collection consisted of the multiple layer drawings of the edges, objects, and boundaries revealed to the researcher through on-site observation and photographs. Drawing is regarded as a process of seeing; a process of communicating ideas and intention to reveal underlying changes in landscape taste. Three levels of results--neighborhood characterizations, individual changes of landscape taste, and group changes in landscape taste were revealed. Two themes, spatial definition reflects a reduction from detailed mature spaces to simple younger organizations and the location and function of edges, objects, and boundaries associated with the automobile exhibit noticeable change in younger front yards compared to older front yards were revealed. / Master of Landscape Architecture

published_or_final_version / Geography / Master / Master of Philosophy

Chiu, Shu Ju Ann. / "March 2011." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [302]-317). / Questionnaire in Chinese. / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iv / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.V / Chapter Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Statement of Problem --- p.3 / Theoretical Discussion of Chinese Overseas and the Internet --- p.10 / Methodology --- p.20 / Thesis Chapters --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter II. --- Old and New Immigrants and the Internet in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.32 / Realignment of Social Structure after 9/11 --- p.36 / Changing Occupational Composition after 9/11 --- p.41 / Locality and Community Identifications of Old and New Immigrants --- p.45 / Transnational Migration and the Internet in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter III. --- Emigrant Families and the Internet in Guangdong and Fujian --- p.65 / Transnational Migration to New York --- p.66 / Jiangmen Wuyi: Hometown of Old Cantonese Immigrants --- p.71 / Fuzhou Shiyi: Hometown of New Fujianese Immigrants --- p.84 / Chapter Chapter IV. --- Hometown Association and Homepage: CCBA-NY and Fujianese.com --- p.102 / Hometown Websites in Manhattan Chinatown --- p.104 / Weblog and the Profile of Hometown Associations --- p.113 / The Online Persona of CCBA-NY and Fujianese.com --- p.117 / Chapter Chapter V. --- Ancestral Worship Ritual and the Politics of Traditional Associations --- p.136 / Kinship Rhetoric and Cultural Politics of Ethnicity --- p.138 / The Sacred Place and Cultural Politics of New Fujianese Associations --- p.147 / The Sacred Space to Honor Ancestors for Old Cantonese Associations --- p.158 / Chapter Chapter VI. --- Online Debates over the Cultural Landmark of Manhattan Chinatown --- p.168 / Chinatown Visitor Information Kiosk --- p.170 / Chinese Archway --- p.176 / Confucius and Lin Zexu --- p.183 / Chapter Chapter VII. --- Miss Internet and the Hometown Memory of Fuzhou Migrants --- p.199 / The Internet Users and Non-Internet Users in the Fujianese Community --- p.201 / "Miss NY Chinese Pageant, Hometown Memory and Cultural Identity" --- p.211 / MissFujianese.com and the Cultural Construction --- p.222 / Chapter Chapter VIII. --- Online Ethnic Media and Social Action against Discrimination from American Mainstream Society --- p.239 / The Rally against CW11 and the Online Chinese Daily Press --- p.241 / The Rally against CBS and the Ethnic Websites --- p.250 / Online Social World of Chinese Immigrants --- p.262 / Chapter Chapter IX. --- Conclusion --- p.277 / Appendix --- p.295 / Bibliography --- p.302

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.