Thesis (DTech (Chemical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. / The subject of this study is highly concentrated emulsion explosive (HCEE). These emulsions are dispersions of an aqueous phase (up to 90 v-%) in an oil phase. The dispersed droplets consist of an aqueous solution of nitrate salts, which is supersaturated at room temperature, comprising less than 20% of water by mass. Compounds of this kind are thermodynamically unstable and their instability is related to the coarsening of emulsion (coalescence) and phase transition (crystallization) of dispersed phase. However it is demonstrated that the dominating mechanism is slow crystallization inside the super-cooled droplets. The main goal of this thesis is a phenomenological study of the dependence of structural parameters, such as droplet size and volume fraction, as well as the ageing processes, on the rheological properties of these emulsions. The results of the measurements include the flow and viscoelastic properties of the materials. The rheological parameters are correlated with the kinetics of structural changes during ageing, as a function of emulsion formulation. The emulsions under study are non-Newtonian liquids. Experiments in shear rate sweep mode demonstrate that the upward and downward branches of the flow curves coincide above some specific shear rate value. The upward experiments show the existence of a low shear Newtonian asymptote, while the effect of yielding is observed in the downward curve. Wall slip is investigated and shown to be negligible.

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Han, Zuoyan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-46). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (Chinese) --- p.i / Abstract (English) --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Glossary --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Physics parameter viscosity --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- PDMS microfluidics device --- p.4 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- PDMS viscometer for microliter Newtonian fluid / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- Configuration of the PDMS Viscometer --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Mechanism of passive pumping --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4 --- Theory of the PDMS viscometer --- p.11 / Chapter 2.5 --- Viscosity Measurement in PDMS Viscometer --- p.15 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Preparation of Blood Plasma --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Measurements of Glycerol Solutions --- p.16 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Measurements of Protein Solution and Blood Plasma --- p.19 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Measurements of Organic Solvents --- p.19 / Chapter 2.6 --- Data Analysis --- p.21 / Chapter 2.7 --- Dynamic Contact Angle --- p.22 / Chapter 2.8 --- Conclusions --- p.23 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- PDMS viscometer for microliter Non-Newtonian fluid / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Configuration of the PDMS viscometer --- p.29 / Chapter 3.3 --- Theory for non-Newtonian fluid --- p.31 / Chapter 3.4 --- Viscosity Measurement of non-Newtonian fluids --- p.35 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Preparation of Blood Plasma --- p.36 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Measurement of starch solutions --- p.36 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6 --- Conclusion --- p.41 / References --- p.43

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1963. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1963. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

In this thesis, a theoretical investigation is undertaken into fluid and mixing flows generated by various geometries for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, on both sequential and parallel computer systems. The thesis begins by giving the necessary background to the mixing process and a summary of the fundamental characteristics of parallel architecture machines. This is followed by a literature review which covers accomplished work in mixing flows, numerical methods employed to simulate fluid mechanics problems and also a review of relevant parallel algorithms. Next, an overview is given of the numerical methods that have been reviewed, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods. In the first section of the work the implementation of the primitive variable finite element method to solve a simple two dimensional fluid flow problem is studied. For the same geometry colour band mixing is also investigated. Further investigational work is undertaken into the flows generated by various rotors for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. An extended version of the primitive variable formulation is employed, colour band mixing is also carried out on two of these geometries. The latter work is carried out on a parallel architecture machine. The design specifications of a parallel algorithm for a MIMD system are discussed, with particular emphasis placed on frontal and multifrontal methods. This is followed by an explanation of the implementation of the proposed parallel algorithm, applied to the same fluid flow problems as considered earlier and a discussion of the efficiency of the system is given. Finally, a discussion of the conclusions of the entire accomplished work is presented. A number of suggestions for future work are also given. Three published papers relating to the work carried out on the transputer networks are included in the appendices.

The non-Newtonian incompressible power-law uid in jet ow models is investigated. An important feature of the model is the de nition of a suitable Reynolds number, and this is achieved using the standard de nition of a Reynolds number and ascertaining the magnitude of the e ective viscosity. The jets under examination are the two-dimensional free, liquid and wall jets. The two-dimensional free and wall jets satisfy a di erent partial di erential equation to the two-dimensional liquid jet. Further, the jets are reformulated in terms of a third order partial di erential equation for the stream function. The boundary conditions for each jet are unique, but more signi - cantly these boundary conditions are homogeneous. Due to this homogeneity the conserved quantities are critical in the solution process. The conserved quantities for the two-dimensional free and liquid jet are constructed by rst deriving the conservation laws using the multiplier approach. The conserved quantity for the two-dimensional free jet is also derived in terms of the stream function. For a Newtonian uid with n = 1 the twodimensional wall jet gives a conservation law. However, this is not the case for the two-dimensional wall jet for a non-Newtonian power-law uid. The various approaches that have been applied in an attempt to derive a conservation law for the two-dimensional wall jet for a power-law uid with n 6= 1 are discussed. In conjunction with the attempt at obtaining conservation laws for the two-dimensional wall jet we present tenable reasons for its failure, and a feasible way forward. Similarity solutions for the two-dimensional free jet have been derived for both the velocity components as well as for the stream function. The associated Lie point symmetry approach is also presented for the stream function. A parametric solution has been obtained for shear thinning uid free jets for 0 < n < 1 and shear thickening uid free jets for n > 1. It is observed that for values of n > 1 in the range 1=2 < n < 1, the velocity pro le extends over a nite range. For the two-dimensional liquid jet, along with a similarity solution the complete Lie point symmetries have been obtained. By associating the Lie point symmetry with the elementary conserved vector an invariant solution is found. A parametric solution for the two-dimensional liquid jet is derived for 1=2 < n < 1. The solution does not exist for n = 1=2 and the range 0 < n < 1=2 requires further investigation.