Thesis--Lantbrukshögskolan, Stockholm. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Stamped on cover: Lantbrukshögskolan. Diss. 78. Summary of the 5 articles which comprise the author's thesis. Bibliography: p. 15-16.

Thesis (MMedVet (Equine Surgery))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print format.

Thesis (PH. D.)--Cornell university, 1914. / "Reprinted from the American journal of physiology, vol. XI, no. 2, April, 1916." Bibliography: p. 184-185.

No description available.

For years, a prescrotal technique has been the only accepted method of male dog sterilization, as dogs are considered to be “scrotal conscious.” The prevailing thought has been that a scrotal incision will cause more complications including swelling and induction of self-trauma. There is, however, little in the scientific literature that confirms or contradicts this thinking. In this study 437 apparently healthy male dogs over the age of 6 months were randomly allocated into 2 treatment groups and castrated by either a prescrotal (n=206) or scrotal incision (N=231). Complications were recorded up to 72 hours following the procedure. The focus of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that there are no differences between the prescrotal and scrotal technique. The method of castration was not found to be significantly associated with hemorrhage, pain or swelling. A reduced incidence in self trauma was associated with scrotal castrations.

published_or_final_version / Physiology / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

Reproduction de : Thèse d'exercice : Médecine vétérinaire : Toulouse 3 : 2009. / Titre provenant de l'écran titre. Bibliogr. p.94-100.

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-97).

The objective was to determine the effects of immunocastration (Improvest) on reproductive characteristics in boars. Seventy-two boars were used in a randomized design with three treatments: single injection (SI) or double injection (DI) of Improvest, and intact controls (no Improvest; CNT) (n = 24/group). At wk 10, 15, 20, 25, and 40, blood was collected and serum harvested to evaluate testosterone concentrations via RIA. At wk 25, 18 pigs (n = 6/ group) were sacrificed and testes were removed, weighed, and measured. Libido was assessed at 32, 36, 47, 60, and 63+ wk of age (1 to 5; 1 = no libido; 5 = high libido) and semen collected beyond 60 wk of age. Testosterone concentrations were less for DI boars compared to CNT boars and SI boars at 20 and 25 wk of age (P < 0.001), but not different at 40 wk of age. All testicular measurements and weight were less for DI boars compared to SI and CNT boars (P < 0.001). There was no treatment effect on libido between 32 to 63+ wk of age. Semen volume, gel weight and total number of sperm cells were not different among treatments. Sperm concentration was greater for DI than SI (P = 0.011), and tended to be greater for DI compared to CNT (P = 0.102). Sperm motility tended to be greater for DI boars compared to CNT boars (P = 0.066). The results show that there are no permanent effects of immunocastration on reproductive characteristics in boars. / Master of Science

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Anatomy and Physiology / Johann F. Coetzee / Flunixin meglumine has been used as an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory since the 1980s. In 2013, a novel formulation was released in the European Union for topical administration and transdermal absorption. Approval for transdermal flunixin in cattle in the United States occurred in 2017, and included a label claim for the control of pain associated with infectious pododermatitis (foot rot). This new formulation allows for needle-less delivery of flunixin with minimal restraint and training required. In this dissertation, the pharmacokinetics of transdermal flunixin in Holstein calves at 2 months of age and adult lactating cows is described. In these pharmacokinetic studies, plasma flunixin concentrations were determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. Pharmacokinetic modeling was completed using non-compartmental modeling methods using a commercially available computer program. Ex vivo prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) production using a whole blood model served as a biomarker for the anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin meglumine and suppression of cyclo-oxygenase enzyme-2. The concentrations of PGE₂ were determined using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent linked assay (ELISA) kit. The effects of age and pain on the pharmacokinetics of flunixin were investigated. Both influenced the pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory effects of flunixin. Cautery dehorning without local anesthetic was used in the calf model to generate pain. The pain associated with dehorning caused lower absorption of the transdermal flunixin and a longer terminal half-life. This longer half-life did result in lower PGE₂ concentrations at later time points. The influence of age was determined in the same group of Holstein calves at 2 months and 8 month of age. Age related effects included lower clearance, a longer half-life, and longer suppression of PGE₂ following intravenous injection. Following transdermal administration, older animals had a prolonged absorption leading to a longer half-life and apparent ‘flip-flop’ pharmacokinetics. Additionally, the suppression of PGE₂ was not observed in older calves following transdermal flunixin administration. The analgesic properties of transdermal flunixin were tested using three different pain models. Those pain models include cautery dehorning, surgical castration, and induced lameness. The reduction in plasma cortisol following transdermal administration was the most consistent finding in each model for pain. Infrared thermography (IRT) was used to assess either activation of the autonomic nervous system or local inflammation. Flunixin did not have any effects on substance P concentration in all three pain models. Gait analysis using a floor based pressure mat was used in the assessment of castration and lameness pain. Although there were no observed effects of flunixin in those studies, the use of this technology for pain assessment is promising. Future studies of transdermal flunixin to determine its utility as part of a multi-modal analgesic plan are still warranted. Specifically, the use a of a local anesthetic block at the time of cautery dehorning, as flunixin has minimal effects on pain, and its pharmacokinetics were altered by the painful stimulus. Timing of the dose relative to the painful procedure is also needed as flunixin is rapidly absorbed. Field studies in lame cattle are needed as there is a deficiency in the literature as only models of lameness induction have been reported.