Abstract   Title: Importance of estimation of market potential- a case of Sandvik Tooling   Level: Bachelor Degree in BusinessAdministration, 15 ECTS-Credits in Marketing   Author: Mi Tegnér   Supervisor: Akmal Hyder   Date: 2011-05   Aim: The aim of this thesis is to study in which waySandvik Tooling and certain other international companies’ measure and estimatethe market potential   Method: I have used a qualitative method. This meansthat I have focused on the big picture rather than solely on parts from thecollected material. The qualitative method was based on interviews with 12respondents, both within Sandvik AB and with employees from other internationalcompanies. Furthermore, I have made an interconnection between my empirical andtheoretical part in order to draw conclusions on the findings.   Result & Conclusions: The study shows some importantfactors, which may affect a company´s effort to measure and estimate the marketpotential. They are; gaps may easily appear when customers and companies havedifferent views on quality, price and productivity, too large amounts ofinformation, the importance of new ideas and perspectives. A company canminimize their problems and any errors within the collected material if theywork after similar framework, consisting of clear structures and methodologies.   Suggestions for future research: Future research could be to do asimilar study, to identify methods to measure and estimate market potential forSandvik Tooling but within an international setting. Then compare this resultwith my result to see in which way the perception of market potential differsin the different countries.   Contribution of the thesis: From my research, I have got an understandingthat the process of measuring and estimating companies market potential is notan easy mission. Especially among the companies, which consist of differentbusiness areas, product areas and segment areas. I hope the study will beinteresting for the employee´s working with market potential and businessdevelopment, to see that people within the same company may have differentviews about this subject. I also believe that managers in general would benefitfrom this study, to understand that their employees would like to see a moresimilar framework within the company, when it comes to measure and estimatemarket potential. During this thesis, I found a deficiency of scientificarticles about the subject, measuring a company´s market potential. It had beeninteresting to see if my results corresponded to previous results in the samesubject.   Key words: business areas, benchmarking, estimation,market potential, market shares, measuring

Given the recent abundance of brand choice data from scanner panels market researchers have neglected the measurement and analysis of perceptions. Heterogeneity of perceptions is still a largely unexplored issue in market structure and segmentation studies. Over the last decade various parametric approaches toward modelling segmented perception-preference structures such as combined MDS and Latent Class procedures have been introduced. These methods, however, are not taylored for qualitative data describing consumers' redundant and fuzzy perceptions of brand images. A completely different method is based on topology-sensitive vector quantization (VQ) for consumers-by-brands-by-attributes data. It maps the segment-specific perceptual structures into bubble-pie-bar charts with multiple brand positions demonstrating perceptual distinctiveness or similarity. Though the analysis proceeds without any distributional assumptions it allows for significance testing. The application of exploratory and inferential data processing steps to the same data base is statistically sound and particularly attractive for market structure analysts. A brief outline of the VQ method is followed by a sample study with travel market data which proved to be particularly troublesome for conventional processing tools. (author's abstract) / Series: Report Series SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"

According to the empirical findings from evolution of liquidity, this dissertation constructs an optimal order submission strategy model within which a mixture of market and limit orders can be submitted by both informed and uninformed traders. In the Stacklberg Game Model, informed traders with short-lived private information are regarded as leaders, and uniformed traders with learning behaviors are referred as followers. Our theoretical findings conclude as follows: Firstly, the order strategies of all traders can be characterized as coming under one of seven regimes, pure market buy orders, a combination of market and limit buy orders, pure limit buy orders, a combination of limit buy and limit sell orders, pure limit sell orders, a combination of market and limit sell orders, and pure market sell orders. Traders will select their optimal trading strategy according to the regime within which their liquidation value falls. Parlour (1998) is a special case of this study. Secondly, an increase (reduction) in liquidation value will result in a non-linear increase in the optimal proportion of market order submissions by buyers (sellers). Thirdly, the probability of submitting limit orders for uniformed traders increases when information traders get large profit from the private information. The extreme case is uniformed traders only submit limit orders. This result is consistent with Foucault (1999). Fourthly, the price interval will be much wider when limit orders are submitted by uniformed traders than by informed traders. The reasons are that uniformed traders have no private information and that they are high risk aversion. Finally, numerical illustrations confirm the reliability of this model.

In recent years, Taiwanese companies have enjoyed a more positive expansion in overseas markets due to increasing internationalization. In 2011, Taiwan's total foreign trade set a new record becoming the EU's 15th largest trading partner. The EU is Taiwan's largest source of foreign investment, but Taiwan only sees the EU as a secondary market for foreign investment and has yet to take full advantage of the opportunity to invest in the EU market. The EU is the world's largest single market which is home to a population of nearly 500 million people, and the EU is a major export market for more than 130 countries and is the market which gets the world's largest overseas investments. However, examining the ranking of the trade ratios of Taiwan and EU trading partners, Taiwan's direct investment in the EU is too low. The purpose of this study is to investigate foreign entry mode of Taiwanese companies in European Markets and the reasons affecting foreign entry mode choice, to identify the key factors considered by Taiwanese companies in deciding to enter the European market, to explain how to assess the most appropriate entry mode for Taiwanese companies entering the European market, and to explain why Taiwanese companies¡¦ average investment in the European market is low. According to the framework of this study, the first step is to explore the influence of the motivation of internationalization, host country environmental factors, and corporate identity for Taiwan companies when choosing European market entry mode. The second step would be to explore the process of development and changing reasons concerning exports, exclusive agents, and joint venture subsidiary entry mode. Expecting there would be some findings can be summed up through the literature review, secondary data, and interview providing Taiwan companies considering the European market as a reference. The results of this study show that the motivation of internationalization, host country environmental factors, and corporate identity will not only affect Taiwanese companies in choice of the European market entry mode, but also could be analyzed in which two or more factors to assess the most suitable for its own entry modes and strategies to improve the success rate of entering overseas markets. As cases where the Taiwanese companies¡¦ European market investment is low, this situation could be explained by motivation of internationalization and corporate identity. Since Taiwan companies are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises which lack of adequate resources and capabilities, but want to use the quickest way to enter the vast overseas markets, the export model is the mode that can make Taiwan companies reach its purpose of entering overseas market in the shortest amount of time.

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Abstract Due to the arrival of global zoned economy, the fluent fund has promoted the intercommunication of international politics and economy. The multiple investments have become research focus in recent years, leading to the reasons of the relationship and fluctuation in various countries. Thus this research, taking Taiwan as a starting point, analyzes the relationship of stock price with one of our neighbor countries, South Korea, including their deep bid, four major type stocks ( plastics, transportation, steel, electronics), nine major personal shares( Taiwan Plastics and S.K. Chemical Industry, Evergreen Shipping and Han Jin Shipping Co., China Steel Co. and Posco, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. and Samsung Electronics, AUO and Samsung Electronics). By use of E-view software, it analyzes their closing price from June 2001 till June 2005, expecting to improve the investment performances of the government, investors and relevant industries. The study shows that every stock price index has arrays of single root. Going on with Johansen Cointegration relationship with Granger Causality, it can get the following results: I) Only short term relation exists for deep bid, other three major type stocks and nine main industries¡¦ personal shares between S. Korea and Taiwan, except electronic stocks. II) No short term relation exists among deep bid, electronic type stock, Evergreen and Han Chin Shipping Co. personal shares. As for plastics, transportation, steel type stock, China and Posco, Taiwan Electronics and Samsung¡¦s personal shares, S. Korea is a leading indicator as it influences Taiwan¡¦s present situation. On the other hand, Taiwan influences S. Korea as a leading indicator for Taiwan Plastics and S.K. Chemical Industry. These mentioned above are mono-way cause and effect. Finally, research even shows that there¡¦s a mutual cause and effect relation between AUO and Samsung Electronics. III) Taking a general view of weigh value of equity market and short term relation, it can sum up to the following results : 1) The results are the same comparing the leading and backward relation of type stocks to large proportion personal shares. 2) The leading and backward relation of small proportion does not have the same influence as type stocks. 3) The type stocks, that originally do not have cause and effect relation, will appear mutual influence relation if the personal shares take large proportion in type stocks, due to high similarity of production among industries. Key Words: Taiwan stock market , South Korea stock market, Cointegration relationship.

This paper examines the properties of the perfect Bayesian Nash equilibrium or equilibria in a model where the new car market coexists with the lemon market which has adverse selection problems. Under such a setting, it is shown that the price of a new car will be affected indirectly by the problems of adverse selection in the lemon market.

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This research would like to study the influence that US has on the global market by proving the global stock and commodity markets are correlated to the Fed's interest rate policy. Meanwhile, hope this research can help investors to evaluate the market trend and make appropriate investment decision. we look into detail by examining the correlation between the US stock market and different periods of rate hike, rate cut and neutral, respectively. The results are : (1) In rate hike period, normally, the US stock market performed well. It's the time with economy booming at high growth rate and strong domestic demand that the Fed needs to take action, hiking rate, to cool down the market. (2) In the rate cut period, the US stock market was not good. That is because the rate cut decision is normally adopted due to slowing down economy, weak domestic demand, and stock market underperformance. Thus, the accumulated performance won't be too exciting during the rate cut period. (3) In the neutral period, the stock market performed excellently. Especially at the time after Fed's rate cut period, the stock market is booming due to the high liquidity and low interest rate environment, stimulating consumers spending and enterprises investment. (4) In the rate hike period, the oil price and commodity index (comprised by Reuters by averaging19 different commodity future index) were at the best performance. Besides, it also benefited the energy related share price. However, in the rate cut or neutral period, they were up and down without clear trend. (5) At the last, we further study the unexpected rate cut will surprise the market in upside. Given the results of these examinations, it is a good timing to buy when it's approaching the end of rate cut period. If the rate cut is unexpected or the extent is over expectation, investors shouldn't be too pessimistic. Instead, they should believe the government will continuously introduce favorable policy to boost the economy and it is good timing to invest in stock market.

<p>In the past, the Swedish bond market has been distinguished for its illiquidity and difficulties with retrieving information. This is the starting point of our thesis and the purpose is to analyze and describe the availability of the present corporate bond market for manufacturing firms in Sweden. In order to fulfill the purpose, a qualitative method was used and interviews with different operators of the market were conducted. Our respondents were sampled from large issuing companies, the major intermediaries and companies that have not tried bonds as a financing tool.</p><p>To fulfill our purpose, we analyzed subjects as credit rating, capital market segmentation, regulations and volume. We came to the conclusion that the Swedish corporate bond market is somewhat underdeveloped. This is due to the lack of public information regarding the bonds, such as prices, outstanding bonds and interest rates.</p><p>The availability for already active companies is good, mainly due to the important role the intermediaries play. The regulations set by authorities do not have great effect on the large companies in general, since they issue large amounts, the cost associated with the regulations do not affect them in a considerable way. One could rather see a positive side with the regulations, for example the increase of foreign issuers that entered the market the last couple of years and hence increasing the liquidity. A credit rating is sometimes beneficial but not always, it is not a necessity to enter the bond market.</p><p>As a matter of fact, it seems like volume is the most important reason to why medium-sized companies have limited access to the market. Since the minimum recommended volume to issue is 50 million SEK, many companies are excluded due to lack of financing need. Another important factor concerning medium-sized companies is that they do not have sufficient experience, knowledge or interest in the bond market. There are probably companies that would like to enter the bond market, who do not have the opportunity to do so, but this do not have anything to do with the lack of credit rating, rather the high cost associated with it.</p><p>The conclusion drawn is that it is hard to compare small and medium-sized companies with large already established actors. This is due to different need of capital and overall knowledge about the debt market.</p>