Measurements in the late 1980s at CERN revealed that quark spins account for a small fraction of the proton's spin. This so-called spin crisis spurred a number of new experiments to identify the proton's silent spin contributors, namely, the spin of the gluons, which hold the quarks together, and the orbital angular momentum of both quarks and gluons. One such experiment was eg1-dvcs at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Newport News, Va., which ran in 2009 and collected approximately 19 billion electron triggers for hydrogen. I will present new measurements of the single and double-spin asymmetries ALU, AUL and ALL for pi+, pi - and pi0, measured as a function of Bjorken xB, squared momentum transfer Q2, hadron energy fraction z, and hadron transverse momentum Ph ⊥. These asymmetries, which are convolutions of transverse-momentum-dependent parton distributions and fragmentation functions, correlate with the transverse momentum, and therefore with the orbital motion, of the struck quark.

The work presented here is devoted to the calculations of the decay constants of the pion and its excited states. All calculations were carried out in the framework of lattice quantum chromodynamics, a well-established formalism of strong interactions enabling the ab initio solution of the theory. After a short introduction and review of the fundamental approaches and methods commonly used in lattice QCD, I provide a detail description of the numerical simulations which were performed at three values of the pion mass between 400 and 700 MeV, using an anisotropic clover fermion action with three flavors of quarks. The results obtained indicate that the decay constant of the first excitation, and more notably of the second, is suppressed with respect to that of the ground-state pion, but that the suppression shows little dependence on the quark mass. The second part of this thesis is focused on applications of the methods of perturbation theory to lattice QCD. Here, I give some motivation, and describe the main techniques of perturbative calculations on the lattice, emphasizing its distinctions from the continuum counterpart. I then employ the same anisotropic clover action that was used in numerical study for derivation of lattice Feynman rules which might be used for the calculations of the renormalization parameters helping to connect bare lattice results with real physics.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1998. / Vita. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-135). / The relation between myocardial kinematics and underlying architectural components is the key to understanding the functional design of the ventricular myocardium. This thesis develops a completely noninvasive method, registered diffusion and strain MRI, to acquire information about myocardial architecture and myocardial strain under identical in-vivo conditions. This noninvasive methodology solves important limitations of existing methods all of which require myocardial dissection. It provides metrically correct data of myocardial structure and myocardial function without postmortem distortion. Further, it can be applied to living humans and allows examinations of multiple time horizons, essential to the study of normal development and disease. To provide a valid MR methodology to study myocardial structure and structure-function relations in living humans, we focus on the three steps most essential to achieving this goal: 1) validate the correspondence between diffusion MRI and myocardial architecture, particularly the fiber and sheet organizations; 2) develop a practical method of measuring myocardial diffusion in vivo; 3) show that data obtained by registered diffusion and strain MRI can be employed to address important questions about myocardial structure-function relations. To validate the ability of diffusion MRI to map myocardial architecture, we show, with a novel printing technique, that the deviation of sheet orientations is within MR noise from those in the cow heart specimens. The correspondence between directions of greatest diffusivity and fiber orientations is also verified by the consistency of architectural patterns in MRI of the cadaver heart with those reported in histology. To measure myocardial diffusion in vivo, a robust MR method is developed. In the normal heart that has the synchronous contraction, we show that the strain effect is negligibly small at time points relative to which the mean strain over one cardiac cycle equals zero: "sweet spots." Using this fact, we localize the sweet spots and show that the depicted myocardial fiber architecture agrees with the ex-vivo results. Using registered diffusion and strain MRI, we obtain first quantitative maps of fiber and sheet dynamics in human hearts. Anatomically, MRI shows the classic pattern of fiber helix angles, namely a smooth transmural variation from a left-handed helix at the epicardium to a right-handed helix at the endocardium. It also shows a septum-versus-free-wall polarization of sheet orientations, a pattern recently documented in canine hearts. Analysis of conjoint data of diffusion and strain gives a clear picture of myocardial structure-function relations: 1) systolic fiber shortening, 11±3% relative to end-diastole, is exceptionally uniform across the wall; 2) cross-fiber shortening has a steep transmural slope; it is produced by a linear variation of angles between fibers and directions of principal shortening against wall depth (from 0 at the epicardium to 900 at the endocardium). Moreover, MRI shows two new findings: 1) there is no difference in fiber shortening between trabecular and compact myocardium; 2) sheet orientations are optimized to maximize sheet shear. In conclusion, registered diffusion and strain MRI can map myocardial structure and structure-function relations practically and reliably in living human subjects. The noninvasive and spatially resolved characteristics of this methodology will facilitate investigation of myocardial mechanics in human disease. / by Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng. / Ph.D.

We perform an analysis dedicated to the search for new and unusual strangeonium states produced in the reaction γp → pφη. The data used for this analysis was recorded during the Spring 2017 physics run for Hall D of Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, where the GlueX experiment is located. The GlueX experiment uses a linearly polarized coherent bremsstrahlung beam of up to 12 GeV in energy. This photon beam interacts with a stationary liquid hydrogen target located inside the GlueX detector. The subsequent photoproduction will provide final states ideal for studying both exotic and non-exotic ss ̄ mesons. After all cuts, a total of four different selection methods were used to study the φη parent state. Three of these methods used an event by event probabilistic weighting method in order to separate signal from background, and the fourth method was simply an elliptical subtraction which did not utilize probabilistic weighting. After comparing the φη invariant mass spectra for all selection methods, two structures were consistently observed. One of the structures was found to have a mass of (m = 1.657 ± 0.008)GeV/c^2 and a width of (σ = 0.190 ± 0.024)GeV/^2 ; and the second structure was found to have a mass of (m = 1.879 ± 0.004)GeV/c^2 and a width of (σ = 0.042 ± 0.014)GeV/c^2 . / A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Physics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. / Spring Semester 2019. / April 12, 2019. / GlueX, Jefferson Lab, Nuclear Physics, Photoproduction / Includes bibliographical references. / Paul Eugenio, Professor Directing Dissertation; Ettore Aldrovandi, University Representative; Simon Capstick, Committee Member; Horst Wahl, Committee Member; Volker Crede, Committee Member; Alexander Ostrovidov, Committee Member.

acase@tulane.edu / The Bohr-Mottelson collective model is central to the study of nuclear structure physics. The model treats nuclei as ellipsoids and focuses on their vibrational and rotational degrees of freedom. The rotational part of the model regards the moment of inertia of the nuclei as a falling between the extreme of a rigid body and an irrotational fluid. The true moment of inertia, as revealed by experiment, provides a parameter between these two extremes and acts as a way of interpolating the data. In this work, we show how the interpolating parameter between the two extreme moments of inertia can be treated theoretically using an algebraic and differential geometric framework. The essential idea is to couple the angular momentum of the nucleus with a ``magnetic" term that involves the Kelvin circulation into a covariant derivative. This coupling term or connection can be found by solving a Yang-Mills equation. Measuring the nuclear Kelvin circulation then reveals a theoretical justification for the determining the correct moment of inertia. / 1 / Nick Sparks

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 39-11, Section: B, page: 5431. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1978.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 37-06, Section: B, page: 2938. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1976.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 38-04, Section: B, page: 1779. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1977.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 38-04, Section: B, page: 1779. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1977.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 38-12, Section: B, page: 6010. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1977.