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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
561

Applications of many-body physics to relativistic heavy ion collisions

Fillion-Gourdeau, François January 2009 (has links)
In this dissertation, many-body physics techniques are used to study and improve ideas related to the description of heavy ion collisions at very high energy. The first part of the thesis concerns the production of tensor mesons in proton-proton (pp) collisions. An effective theory where the f2 meson couples to the energy-momentum tensor is proposed and a comparison of the inclusive cross-section computed in the collinear factorization, the kT-factorization and the color glass condensate is performed. A study of the phenomenology in pp collisions then shows a strong dependence on the parametrization of the unintegrated distribution function. The conclusion is that f2 meson production can be utilized to improve the understanding of the proton wave-function. In the second part, a similar investigation is performed by analysing the production cross-section of the eta' meson in pp and proton-nucleus (pA) collisions. The nucleus and proton are described by the CGC and the kT-factorization respectively. A new technique for the computation of Wilson lines - color charge densities correlators in the McLerran-Venugopalan model is developped. The phenomenology shows that the cross-section in pA collisions is very sensitive to the value of the saturation scale, a crucial ingredient of the CGC picture. In the third part of the thesis, the collision term of the Boltzmann equation is derived from first principles at all orders and for any number of participating particles, starting from the full out-of-equilibrium quantum field theory and using the multiple scattering expansion. Finally, the emission of photons from a non-abelian strong classical field is investigated. A formalism based on Schwinger-Keldysh propagators relating the production rate of photons to the retarded solution of the Dirac equation in a background field is presented. / Dans cette dissertation, les techniques de la physique à plusieurs corps sont utilisées afin d'étudier et d'améliorer certaines idées reliées à la description des collisions d'ions lourds à haute énergie. La première partie de cette thèse s'intéresse à la production des mésons tenseurs dans les collisions proton-proton (pp). Une théorie effective où le méson f2 couple avec le tenseur énergie-impulsion est proposée et une étude comparative de la section efficace calculée dans les formalismes de la factorisation colinéaire, de la factorisation-kT et du color glass condensate (CGC) est entreprise. La phénoménologie dans les collisions pp montre que la section efficace est très sensible à la paramétrisation des fonctions de distribution non-intégrées. En conséquence, la production de mésons f2 peut être utilisée pour améliorer notre compréhension de la fonction d'onde du proton. Dans la seconde partie, une investigation similaire est entreprise où la section efficace de production de mésons eta' est analysée dans les collisions pp et proton-noyau (pA). Le noyau et le proton sont décrits par le CGC et la factorisation-kT respectivement. Une nouvelle technique pour le calcul des correlateurs de lignes de Wilson - densités de charge de couleur dans le modèle de McLerran-Venugopalan est développée. La phénoménologie nous démontre ensuite que la section efficace dans les collisions pA est très sensible à la valeur de l'échelle de saturation, qui est un des éléments crucial dans l'approche du CGC. Dans la troisième partie de cette thèse, le terme de collision de l'équation de Boltzmann est dérivé à partir de principes premiers en utilisant l'expansion en collisions multiples. Finalement, l'émission de photons à partir d'un champs non-abélien classique fort est étudiée. Un formalisme basé sur les propagateurs de Schwinger-Keldysh et qui relie le taux de production des photons à la solution retardée de l'équa
562

Investigation of triple isomerism

Lau, Jaffy Cheuk-fai January 1975 (has links)
No description available.
563

An electrostatic decelerator for a high-field radio-frequency quadrupole ion guide beam cooler /

Lambo, Ricardo. January 2005 (has links)
An electrostatic decelerator system capable of bringing to rest a continuous 60 keV DC ion-beam was developed and tested as to its suitability as the first part of a high-performance RFQ buffer gas beam cooler. The decelerator is intended to decelerate high-energy ions for injection into an RFQ ion-guide capable of producing bunches of ions at a repetition rate up to 100 Hz. Simulations of the ion motion through the decelerator and into the guide were made to test the design, and the decelerator was then constructed following the parameters used in the simulations. Although problems, such as sparking between the electrode surfaces of the decelerator, prevented it from being operated at potentials high enough to decelerate a 60 keV beam, its implementation proved, as in the simulations, that high-energy ions could indeed be decelerated to energies that would allow for their injection into an RFQ ion-guide by this design.
564

Electron-neutrino angular correlation measurement in the decay of lithium-8

Li, Gang January 2012 (has links)
The Standard Model has been very successful in describing existing experimental data in nuclear and particle physics, but it still depends on numerous experiments for the determination of several important properties. For example, the assumption that only Vector(V) and Axial-Vector(A) interactions are present out of five possible types of weak interactions: V, A, Scalar(S), Pseudoscalar(P) and Tensor(T) is based on experimental results. The ion trap is an promising way for precise measurement of the beta-neutrinoangular correlation parameter "a" in beta decay. The unperturbed observation of the recoiled nucleus and electron allows reconstruction of the full decay kinematics. The goal of the BPT (Beta-decay Paul Trap) project is to measure "a" in the decay of 8Li. A deviation from the predicted value a =―1/3 would be an indication of a tensor contribution. 8Li was produced at the Argonne National Laboratory and about 20,000 events were recorded. By measuring the energy shift of the alpha particles in the 8Li decay, "a" is determined to be a =―0.329±0.009. This measurement is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. Upgrade of the system for a higher precision measurement is discussed. / Le Modèle Standard a connu un très grand succès pour décrire les mesures expérimentales autant en physique nucléaire qu'en physique des particules. Cependant, plusieurs expériences tentent toujours de vérifier certaines de ses hypothèses de base. Par exemple, c'est grace à des résultats expérimentaux, que l'on sait que seules les interactions de type Vecteur (V) et Axial-Vecteur (A) sont présentes dans le Modèle Standard, bien qu'il y a théoriquement trois autres types d'interactions faibles possibles : Scalaire (S), Pseudoscalaire (P) et Tenseur (T). Les pièges d'ions sont une avenue prometteuse pour mesurer précisément le paramètre de correlation angulaire bêta-neutrino, "a", des désintégrations bêta. L'observation du noyau de recul et de l'électron en l'absence de perturbations externes permet la reconstruction de la cinématique complète des désintégrations. Le but du projet BPT (Beta-decay Paul Trap) est de mesurer "a" à partir de désintégrations d'ions 8Li. Toute déviation des mesures par rapport à la valeur théorique a = ―1/3 serait une indication d'une contribution d'interactions de type Tenseur. Des ions 8Li ont été produits au Argonne National Laboratory, où prês de 20 000 événements ont été enregistrés. En mesurant le décalage énergétique des particules alpha originant de désintégrations 8Li, une valeur de a =―0.329±0.009 a été déterminée pour le paramètre de corrélation angulaire. Cette valeur est en accord avec la prédiction du Modèle Standard. Une amélioration du dispositif pour permettre des mesures de plus grande précision est discutée.
565

Production of a cooled ion beam by manipulation of 60-keV ions into a radio-frequency quadrupole ion guide

Kellerbauer, Alban. January 1999 (has links)
An electrostatic deceleration system was developed for the injection of the 60-keV mass-separated ion beam at the ISOLDE facility at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) into a new segmented radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) ion guide at the ISOLTRAP experiment. A detailed computer simulation of the ion motion through the electrostatic decelerating and focusing electrodes into the RFQ ion guide was carried out. A complete decelerating structure was designed and built using the parameters extracted from the simulation, as was the first half of a segmented RFQ ion guide for capturing and cooling the decelerated beam. With experiments conducted partly with the ISOLTRAP apparatus at CERN and partly with our apparatus at McGill University, we were able to show that the decelerating structure can in fact inject a beam into the RFQ ion guide. The measured transmission rate of 15 to 30 percent is in agreement with the value that was predicted by the simulations.
566

Investigation of the effects of anharmonicity on the resonance line shape of U-238

Djafri, Djamel Essolh 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
567

An investigation of the spatially dependent reactor source transfer function with temperature feedback

Bridges, Donald Norris 12 1900 (has links)
No description available.
568

A momentum-dependent lattice Hamiltonian model for simulations of heavy ion collisions /

Persram, Declan. January 2000 (has links)
We investigate both directed and elliptic flow and linear momentum transfer in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions. The model that we have adapted for this work is the BUU transport equation solved with a momentum-dependent lattice Hamiltonian algorithm. We introduce an extension of this transport model that consistently takes into account the momentum-dependent in-medium modification of the nucleon-nucleon collision cross section. Comparison with linear momentum transfer data favours a soft momentum-dependent nuclear mean field of compressibility K = 215 MeV. Analysis of higher energy elliptic flow data favours a momentum-dependent over that of a momentum-independent nuclear mean field. Furthermore, we find that both the linear momentum transfer and elliptic flow data favour an in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section over the free space cross section.
569

Hard diffractive scattering in photoproduction at HERA

Sinclair, Laurel E. (Laurel Elizabeth) January 1995 (has links)
Photoproduction events which have two or more jets have been studied in the $W sb{ gamma p}$ range 135 GeV $< W sb{ gamma p} <$280 GeV with the ZEUS detector at HERA. A class of events is observed with little hadronic activity between the jets. The jets are separated by pseudorapidity intervals (${ Delta eta}$) of up to four units and have transverse energies greater than 6 GeV. A gap is define as the absence between the jets of particles with transverse energy greater than 300 MeV. The fraction of events containing a gap is measured as a function of ${ Delta eta}$. It decreases exponentially as expected for processes in which colour is exchanged between the jets, up to a value of ${ Delta eta} sim3$, then reaches a constant value of about 0.1. The excess above the exponential fall-off can be interpreted as evidence for hard scattering via a strongly interacting colour singlet object.
570

Photon production from non-Abelian plasmas at finite baryon chemical potential

Gervais, Hua Long January 2012 (has links)
We compute the thermal photon production of a quark gluon plasma in thermal equilibrium at finite baryon chemical potential. We show that the photon production is equivalent to the integral of a Wightman current-current correlator. Subsequently, we present an introduction to quantum field theory at finite temperature, with emphasis on the real time formalism. Expressions for real time QCD propagators in the Keldysh basis at finite baryon chemical potential are derived in detail. In the second part, a power counting analysis is performed to determine exactly which Feynman diagrams contribute to the evaluation of the Wightman correlator at leading order. It is found that, just like in the case without chemical potential, one has to resum an infinity of so-called "ladder diagrams" and obtain an integral equation whose solution yields the photon production. / L'objet de cette thèse est de calculer la production de photons thermiques d'un plasma de quarks et de gluons en état d'équilibre thermodynamique à potentiel chimique non nul. Nous montrons que la production de photons est déterminée par l'intégrale d'un corrélateur de Wightman pour deux insertions de l'opérateur de courant électromagnétique. Par la suite, nous décrivons les rudiments de la théorie des champs à température non nulle. Nous mettons l'emphase sur le formalisme à temps réel et calculons en détails les propagateurs de la QCD à potentiel chimique non nul dans la base de Keldysh. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous analysons l'ordre de magnitude des diagrammes de Feynman contribuant au corrélateur de Wightman pour déterminer lesquels fournissent une contribution dominante. Tout comme dans le cas à potentiel chimique nul, nous trouvons qu'il faut additionner une infinité de diagrammes en forme d'échelle. Cette addition mène à une équation intégrale dont la solution détermine la production de photons.

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