abstract: Nurses are using health information technology during patient care activities in acute care at an unprecedented rate. Previous literature has presented nurses' response to technology obstacles as a work-around, a negative behavior. Using a narrative inquiry in one hospital unit, this dissertation examines nurses' interactions when they encounter technology obstacles from a complexity science perspective. In this alternative view, outcomes are understood to emerge from tensions in the environment through nonlinear and self-organizing interactions. Innovation is a process of changing interaction patterns to bring about transformation in practices or products that have the potential to contribute to social wellbeing, such as better care. Innovation was found when nurses responded to health information technology obstacles with self-organizing interactions, sensitivity to initial conditions, multidirectionality, and their actions were influenced by a plethora of sets of rules. Nurses self-organized with co-workers to find a better way to deliver care to patients when using technology. Nurses rarely told others outside their work-group of the obstacles that occurred in their everyday interactions, including hospital-wide process improvement committees. Managers were infrequently consulted when nurses encountered technology obstacles, and often nurses did not find solutions to their obstacles when they contacted the Help Desk. Opportunities exist to facilitate interactions among nurses and other members of the organization to realize better use of health information technology that improves quality and safety while decreasing cost in the patient experience. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Nursing and Healthcare Innovation 2013