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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

La Recherche de la vérité de Descartes et les objections faites aux Méditations métaphysiques : pour une approche systématique du problème de datation / La Recherche de la vérité de Descartes e as objeções feitas às Meditações metafísicas : Para uma abordagem sistemática do problema da datação / The Search of truth of Descartes and the objections made to the Metaphysical Meditations : for an approach systematic of dating problem

De Souza Borba, Maira 06 July 2015 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser le dialogue cartésien La Recherche de la Vérité par la Lumière Naturelle au sujet d‘une corrélation entre lui et les Objections subis par Descartes à ses Méditations et leurs respectifs Réponses. L’hypothèse principale est que la Recherche a été influencée par les Objections et Réponses, ce qui la situe dans un moment tardif du corpus cartésien. L’étude de La Recherche de la Vérité et de sa relation avec les Règles pour la direction de l’esprit et le Discours de la Méthode, ainsi que l’enquête sur les principales interprétations qui voient la Recherche comme une œuvre d’une époque antérieure aux Méditations révèle qu’il n’y a pas des preuves suffisantes pour établir une proximité temporelle entre eux, ni d’arguments assez forts pour établir une de ces hypothèses au détriment des autres. La comparaison entre la Recherche et les Objections et Réponses, à son tour, montre qu’il y en effet dans la Recherche la présence constante d’éléments du débat suscité par les Méditations. Comme ces éléments ne viennent pas de l’esprit cartésien, mais de nombreux autres savants qui ont lu les Méditations, ils sont plus déterminants pour établir la datation de la Recherche que la comparaison avec n’importe quel autre écrit de Descartes. Toutefois, si les arguments philosophiques et textuels peuvent confirmer l’hypothèse que la Recherche a été influencée par les Objections et Réponses, à eux seuls ils ne sont pas en mesure de nous offrir une datation plus précise pour cette œuvre. Ainsi, il est nécessaire de recourir à l’analyse des arguments historiques et contextuels pour essayer de situer le dialogue dans un moment plus précis entre 1641 et 1650. Compte tenu principalement de la correspondance personnelle du philosophe et des événements marquants de cette période de sa vie, nous concluons que la date la plus probable se situerait entre 1646 et 1647. / The aim of this thesis is to analyze Descartes’ dialogue The Search for Truth by means of the Natural Light regarding a comparison between it and the Objections suffered by Descartes to his Meditations and their respective Replies. The main hypothesis is that the Recherche has been influenced by the Objections and Replies, which in turn puts this work in a late stage of the Cartesian corpus. The study of the Search for Truth and its relation to the Rules for the Direction of the Mind and the Discourse on the Method, as well as the investigation of the main interpretations that perceive the Search as a work of an earlier time to the Meditations, reveals that there is no sufficient evidence to establish a temporal proximity between them, and there are no strong enough arguments for establish these hypotheses to the detriment of others. The comparison between the Search and the Objections and Replies, on the other hand, shows that there are in the Search the constant presence of elements from the debate generated by the Meditations, such elements are more crucial to establish the dating of the Search than the comparison to any other written of Descartes, because they are not from the Cartesian mind, but of many other scholars who read their Meditations. Whereas the philosophical and textual arguments are able to confirm the hypothesis that the Search has been influenced by the Objections and Replies, alone they are not able to offer a more precise dating for this work. Thus, the analysis of historical and contextual arguments is necessary in order to locate the dialogue in a more precise time between 1641 and 1650. In view of the personal correspondence of the philosopher and the events that marked this period of his life, our conclusion is that the most likely date would be between 1646 and 1647. / Recherche de la Véritée de sua relação com as Regras para a orientação do espírito e com o Discurso do Método, bem como a investigação das principais interpretações que veem a Recherche como uma obra de um momento anterior às Meditações, revela que não há elementos suficientes para estabelecer uma proximidade temporal entre esses textos, tampouco há argumentos suficientemente fortes para estabelecer uma dessas hipóteses em detrimento das outras. A comparação entre a Recherchee as Objeções e Respostas, por sua vez, demonstra que de fato há no diálogo a presença constante de elementos provenientes do debate gerado pelas Meditações, elementos que, por não serem provenientes da mente cartesiana, mas de diversos outros sábios, são mais determinantes para estabelecer sua datação do que a comparação com qualquer outro escrito de Descartes. Contudo, se os argumentos filosóficos e textuais são capazes de nos confirmar a hipótese de que a Recherche tenha sido influenciada pelas Objeções e Respostas, sozinhos eles não são capazes de nos oferecer uma datação mais precisa para essa obra. Deste modo é necessário recorrer à análise dos argumentos históricos e contextuais para tentar situar o diálogo em um momento mais preciso entre 1641 e 1650. A partir principalmente da correspondência pessoal do filósofo e dos acontecimentos que marcaram esse período de sua vida, chegamos à conclusão de que a data mais provável seria entre 1646 e 1647.

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