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Variabilité et signification des productions lithiques au Paléolithique moyen ancien : l’exemple de trois gisements de plein-air du Bergeracois (Dordogne, France) / Variability and significance of lithic productions in the Early Middle Paleolithic : an analysis of three open-air sites in the Bergeracois region (Dordogne, France)Brenet, Michel 13 December 2011 (has links)
Variabilité et signification des productions lithiques au Paléolithique moyen ancien. L’exemple de trois gisements de plein-air du Bergeracois (Dordogne, France).Dès le début de l’Avant-dernier Interglaciaire, les industries lithiques témoignent d’un foisonnement des conceptions, méthodes et techniques de production : débitages Levallois, Discoïde ou SSDA, débitages laminaires, débitage sur enclume, et façonnage de pièces individualisées ou selon des techno-types. Cette diversité des conceptions de production lithique s’affirme parfois au sein des ensembles archéologiques avec la coexistence de chaînes opératoires de débitage et de façonnage bien différenciées ; une conception de production combinée associant débitage et façonnage sur les mêmes matrices a en particulier été décrite dans plusieurs assemblages. Ce travail aborde la problématique de la variabilité inter et intra-site et de sa signification comportementale par le biais de l’analyse techno-économique des industries et de la démarche expérimentale. Pour neuf ensembles lithiques issus de trois gisements du Bergeracois, Cantalouette 1, Combre Brune 2 et Combe Brune 3, chacune des méthodes de production est traitée en évaluant quantitativement toutes les phases opératoires présentes depuis l’approvisionnement en matière première lithique jusqu’à l’utilisation des produits. L’expérimentation s’inscrit dans cette démarche par l’apport de référentiels spécifiques destinés à être comparés aux ensembles lithiques afin de mieux estimer leur représentativité techno-économique.L’objectif est in fine de proposer des modèles cohérents de fonctionnement des occupations humaines au début du Paléolithique moyen en regard de leur implantation et complémentarité potentielle au sein d’un même territoire de subsistance habité et parcouru. Les natures respectives des occupations dont témoignent les trois sites de l’étude sont ainsi modélisées et comparées aux statuts d’autres sites localisés en Dordogne et dans d’autres régions. / Variability and significance of lithic productions in the Early Middle Paleolithic. An analysis of three open-air sites in the Bergeracois region (Dordogne, France).From the beginning of the second to last interglacial period (Eemian), lithic industries show a proliferation of production conceptions, methods and techniques: Levallois, Discoid and SSDA debitage, laminar debitage, anvil debitage, and the shaping of pieces that were unique or adhered to a techno-type. This diversity of lithic production conceptions sometimes appears in archaeological assemblages in which distinct flaking and shaping chaînes opératoires coexist; for example, a combined production conception associating flaking and shaping on the same matrix (raw material volume) has been observed in several assemblages.This work addresses the question of inter- and intra site variability and its behavioral significance through a techno-economic analysis of lithic industries and an experimental procedure. For nine lithic assemblages from three sites in the Bergeracois region, Cantalouette 1, Combre Brune 2 and Combe Brune 3, each of the production methods was analyzed based on a quantitative evaluation of all the operational phases present from the procurement of lithic raw materials to the use of the products. The role of experimentation in this procedure is to create specific reference bases that can be compared with the lithic assemblages in order to obtain a better estimation of their techno-economic representivity.The ultimate objective of this research is to propose coherent models of the functioning of human occupations at the beginning of the Middle Paleolithic in relation to their locations and potential complementarity within and across a single subsistence territory. The respective occupation types illustrated by the three sites studied are thus modeled and compared to other sites in the Dordogne and other regions.
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O CAMPO DA MODA E JOVENS ESTUDANTES TRABALHADORAS: DA PRODUÇÃO DA CRENÇA À NECESSIDADE CULTURALMiguel, Carla Loureiro 01 August 2003 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2003-08-01 / The relationship that young student workers establish with fashion in clothes is
discussed, given that there is a field (of fashion) with all its specificities and strategies which
constructs values and belief in its goods. Both the classified and classifying goods as well as
the hierarchical and hierarchizing goods create a cultural necessity and legitimize the dominant
culture. This study is based on Bourdieu’s theory of practice. It analyses the meaning of
family, school and work for these young workers when drawing up their values and choices
(habitus), and recognizes in the type of work that they carry out (domestic help and sales
women), the fundamental structure in the formation of their likes, their life style, and,
especially, of the meaning that fashion in clothes acquires, depending on the place in the
social strata where they find themselves. / Discute-se a relação que jovens estudantes trabalhadoras estabelecem com a modavestimenta,
sendo que existe um campo (da moda) com suas especificidades e estratégias
construindo valores e a crença em seus bens. Bens classificados e classificantes, hierarquizados
e hierarquizantes, criando a necessidade cultural e legitimando a cultura dominante. Fundamenta-
se na teoria da prática de Bourdieu. Esse trabalho analisa o significado da família, da
escola e do trabalho para essas jovens na construção de seus valores e escolhas (habitus),
reconhecendo no tipo de ocupação (domésticas e vendedoras) que exercitam, a estrutura
fundamental na formação do gosto, do estilo de vida e, principalmente o sentido que a modavestimenta
adquire, a partir da posição que se encontram no espaço social.
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