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<p>3D fractals can be visualized as 3D objects with complex structure and has unlimited details. This thesis will be about methods to render 3D fractals effectively and efficiently, both to explore it in real-time and to create beautiful high resolution images with high details. The methods discussed is direct volume rendering with ray-casting and cut plane rendering to explore the fractal and an approach that uses super sampling to create high resolution images. Stereoscopic rendering is discussed and how it enhance the visual perception of the fractal</p>

3D fractals can be visualized as 3D objects with complex structure and has unlimited details. This thesis will be about methods to render 3D fractals effectively and efficiently, both to explore it in real-time and to create beautiful high resolution images with high details. The methods discussed is direct volume rendering with ray-casting and cut plane rendering to explore the fractal and an approach that uses super sampling to create high resolution images. Stereoscopic rendering is discussed and how it enhance the visual perception of the fractal

This master’s thesis focuses on the image reconstruction from holographic microscope. The first part of the thesis summarizes problems of holography, describes its principle and application particularly in live cell biology. In the second part the description of several methods used for off-axis hologram reconstruction is provided. The last part describes the implementation of the basic step in holographic reconstruction – the elimination of autocorrelation and twin image – and then also the reconstruction of 3D information of the sample.

Linear-motion compliant mechanisms have generally been developed for small displacement applications. The objective of the thesis is to provide a basis for improved large-displacement linear-motion compliant mechanisms (LLCMs). One of the challenges in developing large-displacement compliant mechanisms is the apparent performance tradeoff between displacement and off-axis stiffness. In order to facilitate the evaluation, comparison, and optimization of the performance of LLCMs, this work formulates and presents a set of metrics that evaluates displacement and off-axis stiffness. The metrics are non-dimensionalized and consist of the relevant characteristics that describe mechanism displacement, off-axis stiffness, actuation force, and size. Displacement is normalized by the footprint of the device. Transverse stiffness is normalized by a new performance characteristic called virtual axial stiffness. Torsional stiffness is normalized by a performance characteristic called the characteristic torque. Because large-displacement compliant mechanisms are often characterized by non-constant axial and off-axis stiffnesses, these normalized stiffness metrics are formulated to account for the variation of both axial and off-axis stiffness over the range of displacement. In pursuit of mechanisms with higher performance, this work also investigates the development of a new compliant mechanism element. It presents a pseudo-rigid-body model (PRBM) for rolling-contact compliant beams (RCC beams), a compliant element used in the RCC suspension. The loading conditions and boundary conditions for RCC beams can be simplified to an equivalent cantilever beam that has the same force-deflection characteristics as the RCC beam. Building on the PRBM for cantilever beams, this paper defines a model for the force-deflection relationship for RCC beams. Included in the definition of the RCC PRBM are the pseudo-rigid-body model parameters that determine the shape of the beam, the length of the corresponding pseudo-rigid-body links and the stiffness of the equivalent torsional spring. The behavior of the RCC beam is parameterized in terms of a single parameter defined as clearance, or the distance between the contact surfaces. The RCC beams exhibit a unique force-displacement curve where the force is inversely proportional to the clearance squared. The RCC suspension is modeled using the newly defined PRBM. The suspension exhibits unique performance, generating no resistance to axial motion while providing significant off-axis stiffness. The mechanism has a large range of travel and operates with frictionless motion due to the rolling-contact beams. In addition to functioning as a stand-alone linear-motion mechanism, the RCC suspension can be configured with other linear mechanisms in superposition to improve the off-axis stiffness of other mechanisms without affecting their axial resistance.

Excerpt: Recently, clinical vestibular tests have been developed for assessing otolith function. Little is known about treatment for otolith dysfunction, and this case report offers a perspective on using otolith stimulation to treat vestibular loss.

xiv, 103 p. : ill. (some col.) / Results from a recent mid-ocean ridge tomography study along the fast-spreading, northern East Pacific Rise (EPR) reveal that the axis of mantle upwelling beneath the ridge is skewed with respect to the spreading axis, giving rise to regions of both rise-centered and off-axis mantle melt accumulation. Here, we investigate the effects of off-axis melt accumulation on the architecture of overlying crust as well as off-axis melt delivery on crustal construction along the ridge axis. We first present evidence for off-axis magmatism 20 km from the spreading center in 300-ka-old crust overlying a region of off-axis melt supply. Seismic data reveal an intrusive complex ∼2 km beneath the seafloor that is limited in lateral extent (<5 km) and comprises a melt lens underlain by low-velocity, high-attenuation crust, which provides the necessary conditions to drive off-axis volcanic and hydrothermal activity. We next present results from thermodynamic modeling that show systematic, along-axis variations in the depth of crystallization and degree of differentiation of magma produce crustal density variations of ∼0.1 g/cm 3 . These density anomalies are on the order inferred from a recent study that shows increasing axial depth along the northern EPR correlates with an increase in crustal density and offset of mantle upwelling with respect to the ridge axis. Our results, along with geophysical and geochemical data from the 9°-10°N region of the EPR, suggest that along-axis deeps correspond with magmatic systems that have significant near-Moho (i.e., crust-mantle transition) crystallization, which we attribute to off-axis delivery of mantle melt. As this investigation is motivated by the EPR tomography results, we conclude with a numerical study that examines the travel time sensitivity of Pn , a sub-crustal head wave commonly used in local travel time tomography, to crustal and mantle heterogeneity. Our results indicate that Pn travel times and Fresnel zones are insensitive to normal sub-axial crustal thickness anomalies, mantle velocity gradients and crust-mantle velocity contrast variations and that mantle low-velocity zones must be at least 3 km thick to produce significant, near-constant Pn delay times. Our data support the validity and interpretation of the EPR tomography results. This dissertation includes both previously published and unpublished co-authored material. / Committee in charge: Dr. Douglas R. Toomey, Chairperson; Dr. Paul J. Wallace, Member; Dr. Eugene Humphreys, Member; Dr. James Isenberg, Outside Member

The new arrangement of the off-axis holographic module, which is using polarizationactive diffraction grating divides signal into reference and subject wave of an interferometer based on their polarization. However, current design of the module does not have a possibility to tune a length of the optical paths. Thus the inability to tune optical paths leads to a reduced quality of interference structure during observation of biological samples. The current module is only suitable for technical applicating due to this limitation. Possibility of tuning branches is key step in biological applications. Therefore a new computer-controlled module is created in order to enable use for biological samples.

This doctoral thesis deals with design of a new generation of coherence-controlled holographic microscope (CCHM). The microscope is based on off-axis holographic configuration using diffraction grating and allows the use of temporally and spatially incoherent illumination. In the theoretical section a new optical configuration of the microscope is proposed and conditions for different parameters of the microscope and its optical components are derived. The influence of different sources of noise on phase detection sensitivity is studied. In the next section design of experimental setup is described and automatable adjustment procedure is proposed. Last section describes experimental verification of the most important optical parameters of the experimental setup. When compared to previous generation of CCHM, the newly proposed configuration uses infinity-corrected objectives and common microscope condensers, allows more space for the specimens, eliminates the limitation of spectral transmittance and significantly simplifies the adjustment procedure so that automation of this procedure is possible.

The student inclusive Green Raven project of the KTH-Aero faculty requireda small blended wing model of their new flying wing design. The small scalemodel will be used for various flight tests. The goal of this specific project was tocreate an internal structure for the small scale model, including an outer shell.Two-dimensional drawings were created and tested in a simulation software.The model was then drawn in cad. Lastly the wing was strength tested inAnsys mechanical. The beams in the structure are made of Scots pine due toits accessibility and good strength to weight ratio. The outer shell is made outof fiberglass. A quick connection between the wing and the main body wasimplemented for easy transportation. All final testing indicate that the finaldesign had sufficient strength regarding the initial load requirements.