Orientadores: Celso Kazuyuki Morooka, Jose Ricardo Pelaquim Mendes, Kazuo Miura / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T22:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chipindu_NjaloSocratesChipongue_M.pdf: 4694196 bytes, checksum: 6b99e27328776d4bdf9d03833efef6f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Os problemas na perfuração de poços de petróleo são responsáveis pela maior parte dos tempos não produtivos, elevando assim os custos diários das operações. Portanto, o estudo e o entendimento destes problemas contribuirá para a otimização da perfuração, melhorando assim as práticas ou mitigando os efeitos severos das anormalidades. O presente trabalho apresenta três procedimentos para identificação das causas dos problemas que poderão auxiliar o jovem profissional a caracterizar os mais variados problemas que ocorrem durante a perfuração de um poço. Neste escopo são abordadas apenas as ocorrências pré-classificadas como dificuldade de manobra, dificuldade de avanço, e prisão. O estudo usa dados dos boletins diários de perfuração dos poços, dados de mudlogging, dados obtidos por ferramentas de monitoramento contínuo da perfuração e outros dados como o fluido utilizado, a configuração da composição de fundo, o desgaste de broca, o gráfico do caliper, litologia e trajetória do poço. A caracterização dos problemas é feita mediante a identificação e associação de eventos que levam a formular hipóteses das prováveis causas dos problemas. Dois grupos de pesquisa (Unicamp e Genesis do Brasil) em engenharia de poço implementaram separadamente os procedimentos propostos. Os resultados foram coincidentes para a maioria trechos de poços marítimos de desenvolvimento analisados, o que atesta a eficácia dos procedimentos diagnósticos. Este estudo é importante para indústria, pois pode maximizar a eficiência na perfuração, através da minimização e/ou eliminação dos tempos não produtivos, responsáveis por avultadas perdas econômicas, além de permitir tornar mais robustas as ferramentas de acompanhamento, em tempo real, das operações de perfuração, na tomada de decisões e na melhoria do processo de planejamento de poço / Abstract: Drilling problems are accountable for the majority of the non productive times in the industry raising the daily operations costs. Therefore, the study and understanding of the problems will contribute to the drilling optimization, improving the practices or by mitigating their severe effects. The present work presents three procedures for identification of causes of drilling problems which can help the young professionals to characterize a wide range of problems that occur while drilling an oil well. In this scope they are studied only the problems pre-classified by occurrence as: problems in tripping, problem in drilling ahead and stuck pipe. The study uses data from the daily drilling reports, mudlogging data, on time monitoring tools data and mud data, Bottom Hole Assembly composition, bit wear report, caliper data, litology and well trajectory. The characterization of the problems is made by identification and association of the events that lead to formulate the hypotheses of the probable causes of the problems. Two research groups (Unicamp and Genesis do Brasil) in well engineering implemented separately the three proposed procedures. The results were coincident for the majority of the analyzed intervals of offshore development wells, demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed procedures. This work is important to the industry since it leads to the drilling efficiency maximization by minimization and/or elimination non productive times that are the main responsible for economic losses, beside the fact that these findings can be used to boost the capacity of the monitoring and logging tools as well as to support the on time decision making and to improve well planning process / Mestrado / Explotação / Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo

Orientador: Celso Kazuyuki Morooka / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-30T02:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chagas_BrunoLuizBarbosadas_M.pdf: 3797109 bytes, checksum: 1ef50f3d002aa234dbe301fd26044c8f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal avaliar a probabilidade de falha por fadiga em um riser de perfuração. Os parâmetros mais importantes são identificados e sua influência na probabilidade de falha é analisada. De acordo com as premissas do comportamento dinâmico de um riser, a partir do qual se obtém o dano total à fadiga, juntamente com a teoria da confiabilidade e as variáveis de incerteza, aplicou-se o método FORM (First Order Reliability Method) determinando-se a probabilidade de falha por fadiga em um riser. O procedimento foi adotado para um campo marítimo em operação, a fim de se demonstrar a sensibilidade das variáveis envolvidas na função de estado limite. Neste estudo consideraram-se o expoente m da curva S-N e a constante K da curva S-N como sendo ora determinísticos ora probabilísticos. Assim sendo, a partir das premissas e procedimentos acima elencados, os resultados de probabilidade de falha para análise probabilística se mostraram mais sensíveis que a análise determinística nas quatro diferentes localizações críticas ao longo do comprimento do riser de perfuração / Abstract: The primary objective of this work is to evaluate the probability of fatigue failure in a drilling riser. Key parameters are identified and their influence on the probability of failure is analized. Based on riser dynamic behavior, which givestotal fatigue damage, along with the reliability theory and the variables of uncertainty, the method FORM (First Order Reliability Method) was applied to determine the probability of fatigue failure on a riser . The procedure was applied in a offshore field in operation in order to demonstrate the sensitivity of the variables involved in the limit state function.In this study the exponent m of the SN curve and the constant K of SN curve were considered to be either deterministic or probabilistic. Thus, according to adopted assumptions and procedures, the results of probability of failure for probabilistic analysis have shown to be more sensitive than deterministic analysis in the four different critical locations along the length of the drilling riser / Mestrado / Explotação / Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo

Η παρούσα εργασία μελετά τις περιβαλλοντικές και γεωλογικές παραμέτρους στη θέση κατασκευής του νέου λιμένα της πόλης του Αιγίου. Για την μελέτη αυτή, σημαντικό ρόλο έπαιξε η χρήση των Γεωγραφικών Συστημάτων Πληροφοριών (GIS) και ειδικότερα του προγράμματος ArcGIS έκδοση 9, με το οποίο αναλύθηκαν και εκτιμήθηκαν οι διάφορες παράμετροι που επιλέχθησαν, αυξάνοντας έτσι την αποτελεσματικότητα των μεθοδολογιών και συγκροτώντας ταυτόχρονα μία πολύτιμη τράπεζα δεδομένων για τη θαλάσσια περιοχή κατασκευής του λιμένα. Παρουσιάζονται δηλαδή τα αποτελέσματα μιας θαλάσσιας γεωφυσικής έρευνας που έλαβε χώρα στην παράκτια ζώνη του Αιγίου. Ο σκοπός της είναι διττός καθώς επιχειρείται να δοθούν λύσεις και απαντήσεις σε δύο σημαντικά ερωτήματα: α) στον εντοπισμό των επικινδυνοτήτων της περιοχής και β) στην ποσοτική ανάλυση των γεωφυσικών μεθόδων. Το μέγεθος της εργασίας εκτείνεται σε τέσσερα κεφάλαια στα οποία περιγράφονται αναλυτικά η όλη διαδικασία που ακολουθήθηκε καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα και συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν για τον πυθμένα του λιμένα, από τις μετρήσεις και αναλύσεις που έγιναν μέσω των τομογραφιών. Πρέπει να τονιστεί ότι αφετηρία για τις οποιεσδήποτε μελέτες έγιναν, αποτέλεσαν οι αρχικοί χάρτες του προγράμματος Autocad καθώς και οι τομογραφίες που είχαν ληφθεί από τον τομογράφο υποδομής πυθμένα 3.5KHz. Έτσι στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο, γίνεται μία περιγραφή των γεωφυσικών μεθόδων που χρησιμοποιούνται για την κατασκευή θαλάσσιων τεχνικών έργων. Επίσης γίνεται αναφορά στις γεωλογικές και ανθρωπογενείς επικινδυνότητες από τις οποίες επηρεάζεται ο πυθμένας και οι οποίες μπορεί να προκαλέσουν βλάβες στα τεχνικά έργα μέσω των φορτίων που εξασκούν σε αυτά. Στο κεφάλαιο αυτό αναφέρονται και τα όργανα που χρησιμοποιούνται για την εφαρμογή των μεθόδων αυτών, όπως είναι οι τομογράφοι, οι ηχοβολιστές πλευρικής σάρωσης και τα κατευθυνόμενα βαθυσκάφη. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο της διπλωματικής εργασίας αναφέρεται στη θέση που βρίσκεται η περιοχή που μελετάται και στα γεωλογικά φαινόμενα που χαρακτηρίζουν αυτή. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο αφορά στις μεθοδολογικές προσεγγίσεις που εφαρμόστηκαν για α) την αποτύπωση της βυθομετρίας και της μορφολογίας του πυθμένα, β) τον προσδιορισμό της υποδομής και του πάχους των σύγχρονων επιφανειακών ιζημάτων, γ) τον υπολογισμό της κλίσης των υποεπιφανειακών στρωμάτων και δ) τον εντοπισμό πιθανών γεωλογικών επικινδυνοτήτων, όπως ρηγμάτων, κατολισθητικών φαινόμενων και αέριων υδρογονανθράκων στου πόρους των ιζημάτων. Επίσης αναφέρεται το μεθοδολογικό σχήμα ανάλυσης και επεξεργασίας των αναλογικών καταγραφών με βάση την ποσοτικοποίηση των αναλογικών καταγραφών του τομογράφου υποδομής πυθμένα και την εφαρμογή της πολυδιάστατης στατιστικής ανάλυση όπως της Παραγοντικής Ανάλυσης (Factor Anlysis) και της ανάλυσης Επιφανειών Τάσης (Trend Surface Analysis). Τέλος, το τέταρτο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο της εργασίας αυτής, αφορά τα αποτελέσματα και τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από τις παραπάνω αναλύσεις. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις επιφανειακές κατανομές της βυθομετρίας τόσο του πυθμένα και των υποεπιφανειακών οριζόντων όσο και των άλλων παραμέτρων που μετρήθηκαν, αλλά και τα αποτελέσματα της παραγοντικής ανάλυσης, επιχειρείται η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για την κατανόηση των όσων αναφέρθηκαν και μετρήθηκαν στην εργασία αυτή. / The present master thesis examines the environmental and geologic parameters of the new harbour site in the city of Aegio. In this research the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) played a major role and more specifically the software ArcGIS version 9, which was used to analyze and evaluate the various parameters, increasing thus the methodology effectiveness and at the same time creating a valuable data bank concerning the sea area of the harbour site. In the research below are presented the results of a marine geophysical survey that took place in the coastal region of Aegio. The object of this survey is double, as it attempts to provide answers and solutions to two substantial questions: a) the localization of the areas risks and b) the quantitative analysis of the geophysical techniques. The research is extended in four chapters, in which it is detailed the whole process followed as well as the results and the conclusions arising from the seafloor of the harbour, from the measurements and the analysis done through the tomographies. We should point out that the starting point of our research were the original maps of the Autocad as well as the tomographies taken from the subbottom profiler 3.5 KHz In the first chapter, we describe the geophysical techniques used for the construction of the sea technical works. It is also mentioned the geologic and anthropogenic risk which affects the seafloor and could damage the works due to the pressure put on them. There are also mentioned the instruments used for the implementation of these techniques, such as the subbottom profilers, side scan sonars and the bathyscaphes. The second chapter is dedicated to the location of the region and its typical geologic phenomena. The third chapter is about the methods we implemented for: a) the plotting of the seafloor bathymetry and morphology, b) the definition of the substructure and the thickness of the contemporary superficial sediments, c) the estimation of the gradient of the sub-superficial beds and d) the detection of possible geological risks, such as faultings, landslides and hydrocarbon gases in the sediments pores. It is also mentioned the methodological plan used for the analysis and the processing of the analogue recordings on the basis of the quantification of the subbottom profilers analogue recordings and the application of the multidimensional statistical analysis, such as the Factor Analysis and the Trend Surface Analysis . Finally in the fourth chapter of this master thesis are included the results and the conclusions that arose from the aforementioned analysis. Taking into account the superficial distribution of the bathymetry of the seafloor and of the sub-superficial horizons as well as of the other parameters counted, but also the results of the factor analysis, we attempted to arrive at a conclusion in order to make more intelligible what has been mentioned in this master thesis.

The aim of this thesis is the structural design small drilling rigs for drilling wells. Drilling rig will be used for drilling wells up to 200 mm diameter rotary drilling technology with irrigation water. The first part is a literature search of small drilling rigs. In the second part, then custom design a small drilling rig.