Call number: LD2668 .T4 1951 G7 / Master of Science

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This dissertation focused on the relationship between psychological well-being and life situations of older persons. Specifically, this study examined whether life situations were different for persons whose Life Satisfaction Index scores changed over a two-year period compared to those whose scores were stable. The sample included 215 older persons living in reduced circumstances. These persons were interviewed on three occasions separated by one-year intervals. Pearson correlations, analysis of variance, and multiple regression procedures were employed to test five hypotheses. Fourteen case studies were selected to illustrate statistical findings. When the dissertation data were analyzed for each occasion separately, findings from this study regarding correlates of psychological well-being were similar to findings from past studies. However, a different pattern of results emerged from the longitudinal analyses. For the group of persons having stable life satisfaction scores across occasions, life satisfaction was not significantly correlated with health, lack of impairment, or activities. In contrast, change in psychological well-being was significantly related to changes in these life situations. Practical and theoretical implication of the findings as well as directions for future research are discussed.

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This study examines the question of whether there is a role for the single room occupancy (SRO) hotel as a form of housing for a select group of low-income, urban elderly persons. Such a focus was selected because it is the single room type of housing, with neither individual kitchen nor bath, which HUD defines as substandard. This definition is viewed as problematic for several reasons. First, it has been a major barrier to the use of Federal funds to support such housing either through rehabilitation or rent subsidy, and second, it has been a major incentive to the use of Federal funds to remove such housing through programs like urban renewal. The study question is examined from several perspectives. One perspective looks at the hotel resident, his preferences and lifestyle, and compares these findings with a similar analysis of Section 8 apartment residents who previously resided in SRO hotels. Another perspective examines the cost of living for an SRO hotel resident in downtown and several other neighborhoods located throughout the City (Portland). A final perspective compares the cost to operate and maintain, rehabilitate, construct new, and subsidize SRO hotels and Section 8 apartments. This final perspective also compares the rate of return an owner receives from investing in the two forms of housing. Analysis of the study data confirms that: (a) there are preferential and lifestyle differences between the present and past hotel residents which reflect their differing housing choices, (b) the cost of living for an SRO lifestyle is least expensive in the downtown neighborhood, and (c) SRO hotels are less costly than Section 8 apartment to produce and operate from the standpoint of overall cost and amount of subsidy required, and SRO hotels can provide a reasonable return on investment. In conclusion, the study proposes that SRO hotels provide an appropriate setting for a select group of elderly persons, can be decent, safe, and sanitary, and as such, should be made the object of an intense Federal effort to facilitate their rehabilitation as single room housing units.

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The development, content, societal and individual effects of selected myths toward the aged in American society were reviewed and analyzed. Emphasis was placed on factors associated with the development of the myths . The myths were compared with facts or reality relative to the major dimensions of the lives of the aged. The functions and dysfunctions of the myths for the aged as a group, for the individual, and for society were analyzed. Secondary sources of data were utilized in the preliminary identification of the selected myths. The sources were also used to justify the selection and analyze the development of myths within their socio-cultural milieus. Myths were utilized in the analysis of the attitudes toward the aged, and the effects.

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