OBJETIVO: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 y su consumo en gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Enero-Febrero 2016. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de tipo observacional, con diseño descriptivo, prospectivo y de corte transversal, en el cual participaron 228 gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal durante los meses de Enero y Febrero del 2016. La información fue procesada en el programa estadístico SPSS v.21. Las variables cuantitativas se estimaron mediante medidas de tendencia central (media) y medidas de dispersión (desviación estándar). Para las variables cualitativas se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas (%). RESULTADOS: El nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 de las gestantes fue de “Alto” (2.2%), “Medio” (21.5%) y “Bajo” (76.3%). El 23.7% de las gestantes conoce alimentos de origen animal ricos en Omega 3 como el pescado, el 2.2% conoce como aceite rico en Omega 3 al aceite de oliva, el 1.3% conoce frutos secos ricos en Omega 3 como las pecanas y el 2.2% conoce semillas como el ajonjolí y chía. Respecto a los beneficios, el 11.4% conoce un beneficio en el bebé como mejor desarrollo cerebral; sin embargo, ninguna gestante conoce algún beneficio en la madre. La fuente de mayor información sobre el Omega 3 fue la publicidad en televisión (31.5%), seguido por la información proporcionada por los familiares (27.8%). El deseo de recibir mayor información sobre el Omega 3 en las gestantes fue de 77.6%. En cuanto a la frecuencia de consumo, el 96.1%, 83.3% y el 82.9% refirieron nunca haber consumido ajonjolí, nueces y aceite de oliva respectivamente. Pero, el 36.9% consumió conserva de pescado 1 vez por semana, el 33.3% consumió pescado 2 veces a la semana, el 25.4% consumió quinua 3 veces a la semana. El 96.1% de las gestantes no han consumido ningún suplemento de Omega 3. La ingesta dietética promedio de Omega 3 fue de 0.79 ± 0.62 gr/día. La cantidad de ingesta dietética de Omega 3 fue “Deficiente” en el 50% de las gestantes. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel de conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 de las gestantes atendidas en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal es “Bajo” (76.3%). La cantidad de ingesta dietética de Omega 3 fue “Deficiente” en el 50% de las gestantes. PALABRAS CLAVES: gestante, consumo y conocimiento sobre el Omega 3 / --- OBJECTIVE: To determinate the level of knowledge about Omega 3 and consumption in pregnant women treated at the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, January-February 2016. METHODOLOGY: Study observational, descriptive design, prospective and crosssectional, which involved 228 pregnant women served by the National Maternal Perinatal Institute during the months of January to February 2016. The information was processed in SPSS v.21. Quantitative variables were estimated using measures of central tendency (mean) and dispersion measures (standard deviation). For qualitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies (%) they were calculated. RESULTS: The level of knowledge pregnant women about the Omega 3 was "High" (2.2%), "Medium" (21.5%) and "Low" (76.3%). 23.7% of pregnant women known foods rich animal origin in Omega 3 such as fish, 2.2% called oil rich in Omega 3 olive oil, 1.3% know nuts rich in Omega 3 as pecans and 2.2 % known as sesame seeds and chia. Regarding benefits, 11.4% knows a profit on the baby as better brain development; however, any pregnant woman knows some benefit in the mother. The source further information about Omega 3 was advertising on television (31.5%), followed by information provided by relatives (27.8%). The desire to receive more information about Omega 3 in pregnant women was 77.6%. As for the frequency of consumption, 96.1%, 83.3% and 82.9% reported never having used sesame seeds, nuts and olive oil respectively. But 36.9% canned fish consumed 1 to week, 33.3% ate fish 2 times a week, 25.4% consumed quinoa 3 times a week. 96.1% of pregnant women have not consumed any supplement Omega 3. The average dietary intake of Omega 3 was 0.79 ± 0.62 g/day. The amount of dietary intake of Omega 3 was "deficient" in 50% of pregnant women. CONCLUSION: The level of knowledge pregnant women about Omega 3 served by the National Maternal Perinatal Institute is "Low" (76.3%). The amount of dietary intake of Omega 3 was "deficient" in 50% of pregnant women. KEYWORDS: pregnant, consumption and knowledge about Omega 3

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. A cholesterol supplemented diet will increase ALA bioavailability. Conversely, drugs which inhibit intestinal cholesterol metabolism may also inhibit fatty acid absorption. Our study will determine if a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, decreases circulating levels of ALA in humans. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups for a 6 weeks: 1) placebo; 2) ezetimibe therapy (10mg); 3) flaxseed oil (containing 1.0g ALA); or 4) ezetimibe and flaxseed oil supplementation. Flaxseed oil supplementation resulted in a significant increase in circulating ALA levels in patients who were not given ezetimibe. Ezetimibe significantly inhibited the ALA raising effects of flax oil. No significant differences in circulating lipids or cytokines between the treatments were observed. Thus, ezetimibe therapy inhibits the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids. Patients receiving ezetimibe therapy will not receive cardiovascular benefits from omega-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. A cholesterol supplemented diet will increase ALA bioavailability. Conversely, drugs which inhibit intestinal cholesterol metabolism may also inhibit fatty acid absorption. Our study will determine if a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, decreases circulating levels of ALA in humans. Patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups for a 6 weeks: 1) placebo; 2) ezetimibe therapy (10mg); 3) flaxseed oil (containing 1.0g ALA); or 4) ezetimibe and flaxseed oil supplementation. Flaxseed oil supplementation resulted in a significant increase in circulating ALA levels in patients who were not given ezetimibe. Ezetimibe significantly inhibited the ALA raising effects of flax oil. No significant differences in circulating lipids or cytokines between the treatments were observed. Thus, ezetimibe therapy inhibits the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids. Patients receiving ezetimibe therapy will not receive cardiovascular benefits from omega-3 fatty acids.

Introducción: Durante los primeros años de vida es fundamental que el niño presente un buen estado nutricional para el adecuado desarrollo cerebral. Al nacer el cerebro humano tiene una infinidad de células que deben interconectarse para funcionar de manera apropiada. Los ácidos grasos esenciales son un componente esencial para el desarrollo neurológico de los niños, este desarrollo según estudios se da hasta los 5 años de edad. Sin embargo, una deficiencia de los ácidos grasos esenciales omega 3 puede repercutir en la conexión sináptica evitando así un buen desarrollo y coeficiente intelectual. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el consumo dietario de Omega 3 y el Coeficiente Intelectual en niños y niñas de 30 a 48 meses del distrito Mi Perú, Callao. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo, asociación cruzada, transversal y retrospectivo. Participantes: 67 niños y niñas de 30 a 48 meses del distrito Mi Perú, Callao, los cuales fueron elegidos según muestreo aleatorio simple. Intervención: Previo consentimiento informado a las madres de los niños sujetos de estudio se les aplicó una frecuencia semicuantitativa de consumo de alimentos hidrobiológicos el cual contaba con dosificaciones apoyados del laminario PRISMA y tabla de dosificaciones del CENAN para determinar el consumo dietario de omega 3 por día; se aplicó el test de Escala de Inteligencia de Wechsler para preescolar y primaria WPPSIIII para determinar el coeficiente intelectual. Principales medidas de resultados: Relación mediante prueba Razón de verosimilitudes entre el consumo dietario de Omega 3 y el nivel de Coeficiente Intelectual. Resultados: El 85% (n=67) de los niños y niñas de 30 a 58 meses han presentado un consumo dietario adecuado de Omega 3 (>100 mg de DHA+EPA por día) y el 15% (n=67) un consumo dietario deficiente de Omega 3 alimentos fuente de Omega 3 (<100 mg de DHA+EPA por día); en relación al coeficiente intelectual (CI) el 13% (n=67) estuvieron por debajo de lo normal, según prueba de razón de verosimilitudes p valor = 0.038. Conclusiones: Se concluye que existe una relación entre el consumo dietario de Omega 3 y el Coeficiente Intelectual de los niños y niñas de 30 a 48 meses del distrito Mi Perú, Callao. Palabras graves: Omega 3, DHA, Coeficiente intelectual. / --- Introduction: During the first years of life is critical that the children have a good nutritional status for proper brain development. At birth the human brain has an infinite number of cells to be interconnected to function properly. Essential fatty acids are essential for the neurological development of children, this development according to studies is given up to 5 years old. But a deficiency of essential omega 3 fatty acids can affect the synaptic connection avoiding a good development and intelligence quotient (IQ). Objectives: To determine the relationship between dietary intake of Omega 3 and intelligence quotient in children 30 to 48 months from the district Mi Perú, Callao. Design: descriptive study of quantitative approach, cross, cross, retrospective association. Participants: 67 children 30 to 48 months the district Mi Perú, Callao, which were chosen by probability sampling and quota. Interventions: After informed consent mothers of children study subjects were given a semiquantitative frequency of consumption of aquatic foods which had supported the plates' PRISMA dosages and dosages table of CENAN to determine the dietary intake of omega 3 per day; test Wechsler Intelligence Scale for preschool and primary WPPSI-III was used to determine IQ. Main outcome measures: Relationship by Likelihood ratio test between the dietary intake of Omega 3 and IQ level. Results: 85% (n = 67) of children aged 30- 58 months have presented an adequate dietary intake of omega-3 (> 100 mg EPA + DHA per day) and 15% (n = 67) A Poor dietary intake of Omega 3 food source of Omega 3 (<100 mg EPA + DHA per day); in relation to intelligence quotient (IQ) 13% (n = 67) they were below normal, according to the Likelihood Ratio test p value = 0.038. Conclusions: We conclude that there is an association between dietary intake of Omega 3 and IQ of children 30 to 48 months the district Mi Perú, Callao. Keywords: Omega 3, DHA, intelligence quotient

"October 2003" Bibliography: leaves 190-210. Ch. 1. Literature review -- Ch. 2. A practical approach to increasing intakes of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: use of novel foods enriched with n-3 fats -- Ch. 3. Effects of fatty acids on the incidence of arrhythmias in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) -- Ch. 4. A pilot study to investigate the effects of n-3 fatty acids on inducible, sustained ventricular tachycardia in patients undergoing electrophysiology testing -- Ch. 5. Conclusions and future directions.

"October 2003" / Bibliography: leaves 190-210. / xxi, 210 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Medicine, 2003

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2009. / Title from title screen (site viewed October 15, 2009). PDF text: vii, 163 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 7 Mb. UMI publication number: AAT 3369413. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Jan. 11, 2010). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Food Science and Technology, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Medicine, 2003. / "October 2003" Bibliography: leaves 190-210.

Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. College of Nursing, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 14-18).