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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Právní a etické aspekty ochrany počátku a konce lidského života a jeho důstojnosti / Legal and ethical aspects of the protection of the beginning and end of human life and its dignity

Blažek, Petr January 2011 (has links)
The subject of the following dissertation, as the title states, is to explore legal and ethical aspects of the protection of human life and its dignity. Its aim is not merely to attempt to map the present legal situation regarding the protection of human life in the legal system of the Czech Republic, but also to outline some philosophical and anthropological implications which could have considerable influence on the practical consequences of some legal measures, including general aspects of the protection of human life and the legal regulation of two areas of study chosen by the author, namely assisted reproduction and euthanasia. In this sense the following work does not simply describe the various philosophical- anthropological conceptions in a neutral way, but offers to the reader a possible model which, in the view of the author, best corresponds to the degree of protection that human life and dignity can claim in early and terminal phases, taking a neoscholastic and personalistic view of man and his ontological status, in order to try to deduce from this model ethical implications both in a general sense and in relation to the two above-mentioned areas of application. The aim of the work is thus not only to describe the degree of protection of human life de lege lata, but also by making comparisons...
2

La science-fiction en France de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à la fin des années soixante-dix / Science fiction in France from the Second World War to the end of the seventies

Bréan, Simon 22 November 2010 (has links)
Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la littérature de science-fiction s’est développée en France sous la forme d’un sous-champ isolé au sein du champ littéraire, avec ses collections, ses critiques et ses lecteurs spécifiques. Cette littérature produit des univers fictionnels en tension entre la réalité conventionnelle et des états alternatifs de cette réalité, selon une modalité dénommée dans la thèse le « régime ontologique matérialiste spéculatif ». Le corpus des romans a été analysé d’abord dans une perspective diachronique, en présentant une histoire des acteurs, des structures éditoriales et des thèmes de la science-fiction en France, articulée à une réflexion sur les conditions et les perspectives d’écriture des auteurs français. Les romans ont ensuite été analysés de manière à permettre une théorisation à plusieurs niveaux de l’écriture de la science-fiction : le mot et le texte de science-fiction, les mondes fictionnels extrapolés à partir du monde réel et enfin la mémoire collective mise en place par l’ensemble des œuvres, que nous nommons le « macrotexte » de la science-fiction. Notre contribution principale à l’histoire littéraire est l’étude de la manière dont évoluent les représentations communes en science-fiction, sous la forme de paradigmes dominants successifs où les écrivains réinterprètent les images et idées de la science-fiction. Nous avons établi selon quelles modalités le corpus des romans de science-fiction fournit à l’analyse du discours narratif, à la théorie de la fiction et à l’étude de l’intertextualité, des exemples remarquables en raison des dispositifs destinés à mettre les univers de science-fiction en concurrence avec la réalité. / After the Second World War in France, science fiction literature took the form of an isolated subaltern field within the literary field, featuring specific publishing series, critics and readership. In science fiction novels, fictional worlds are created by mixing conventional reality and alternate states of reality, a process I call “régime ontologique matérialiste spéculatif” (“speculative materialistic ontological status”). I have studied French science fiction novels first from a historical perspective, by describing the protagonists, the publishers and the themes of French science fiction, as well as by assessing how and to what end French science fiction writers wrote their novels. I have then studied these novels at several levels: how words and texts are shaped in science fiction, how fictional worlds are extrapolated from the real world and how science fiction texts generate a collective memory, which I call the “macrotext” of science fiction. Our thesis contributes to literary history by studying how the perception of science fiction gradually changes over time, each main paradigm morphing into a new one as writers adapt science fiction images and ideas to their needs. I have also pointed out how science fiction novels may prove of a keen interest to narrative discourse analysis, fiction theory and intertextuality approach, because of various devices meant to allow science fiction worlds to compete with reality.

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