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The Use Of Kullback-Leibler Divergence In Opinion RetrievalCen, Kun 24 September 2008 (has links)
With the huge amount of subjective contents in on-line documents, there is a clear need for an information retrieval system that supports retrieval of documents containing opinions about the topic expressed in a user’s query. In recent years, blogs, a new publishing medium, have attracted a large number of people to express personal opinions covering all kinds of topics in response to the real-world events. The opinionated nature of blogs makes them a new interesting research area for opinion retrieval. Identification and extraction of subjective contents from blogs has become the subject of several research projects.
In this thesis, four novel methods are proposed to retrieve blog posts that express opinions about the given topics. The first method utilizes the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) to weight the lexicon of subjective adjectives around query terms. Considering the distances between the query terms and subjective adjectives, the second method uses KLD scores of subjective adjectives based on distances from the query terms for document re-ranking. The third method calculates KLD scores of subjective adjectives for predefined query categories. In the fourth method, collocates, words co-occurring with query terms in the corpus, are used to construct the subjective lexicon automatically. The KLD scores of collocates are then calculated and used for document ranking.
Four groups of experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed methods on the TREC test collections. The results of the experiments are compared with the baseline systems to determine the effectiveness of using KLD in opinion retrieval. Further studies are recommended to explore more sophisticated approaches to identify subjectivity and promising techniques to extract opinions.
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Punitive Warfare: Measuring The Effects of a Punitive Disposition On Public Support For WarThomas, Paul I, Mr. 21 August 2012 (has links)
Recent research has posited that retributiveness is an individual level disposition that can help us understand foreign policy preferences (e.g. Liberman 2006, Liberman 2007, Liberman in press, Stein n.d.). However, previous research is limited in two related respects. First, previous research relies on correlational data, blunting our ability to make clear causal inferences. Also, retributiveness is not made theoretically distinct from general hawkishness. In this paper, I present results from two experiments to refine our understanding of how retributiveness can affect support for use of the military. In the first experiment, I examine how retributiveness affects support for greater military commitment across a number of potential missions. In the second experiment, I examine how retributiveness interacts with different rhetorical justifications for military endeavors (e.g. punishing transgressors versus eliminating a foreign policy threat).
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The Dynamics of Public Opinion and Military Alliances : Japan’s Role in the Gulf War and Iraq InvasionBendiksen, Stian Carstens January 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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The Use Of Kullback-Leibler Divergence In Opinion RetrievalCen, Kun 24 September 2008 (has links)
With the huge amount of subjective contents in on-line documents, there is a clear need for an information retrieval system that supports retrieval of documents containing opinions about the topic expressed in a user’s query. In recent years, blogs, a new publishing medium, have attracted a large number of people to express personal opinions covering all kinds of topics in response to the real-world events. The opinionated nature of blogs makes them a new interesting research area for opinion retrieval. Identification and extraction of subjective contents from blogs has become the subject of several research projects.
In this thesis, four novel methods are proposed to retrieve blog posts that express opinions about the given topics. The first method utilizes the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) to weight the lexicon of subjective adjectives around query terms. Considering the distances between the query terms and subjective adjectives, the second method uses KLD scores of subjective adjectives based on distances from the query terms for document re-ranking. The third method calculates KLD scores of subjective adjectives for predefined query categories. In the fourth method, collocates, words co-occurring with query terms in the corpus, are used to construct the subjective lexicon automatically. The KLD scores of collocates are then calculated and used for document ranking.
Four groups of experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed methods on the TREC test collections. The results of the experiments are compared with the baseline systems to determine the effectiveness of using KLD in opinion retrieval. Further studies are recommended to explore more sophisticated approaches to identify subjectivity and promising techniques to extract opinions.
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The Impact of Short Sale and Opinion Divergence on Implied VolatilityCheng, Hsin-Yeh 27 July 2010 (has links)
none
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Public attitudes toward the use of force and presidential crisis responsesBrule, David J 30 October 2006 (has links)
This dissertation explores the role of public opinion in U.S. presidential decisions
to employ various alternatives in response to an international crisis. Presidents may
choose from a range of force alternatives, including non-force alternatives, troop
mobilizations, air strikes or ground assaults. Using the Poliheuristic Theory, I argue that
public attitudes toward the use of force in a given crisis play a key role in the decision
making process leading to such choices. The direction and intensity of public opinion is
driven by a relative value assessment by which the public determines whether the
benefits of a use of force are worth the costs. Presidents are aware of this relative value
assessment and rule out crisis responses that are likely to violate the public's preferences
in the first stage of the decision making process. In the second stage, presidents choose
among the remaining alternatives by weighing the relative merits of each with respect to
military and international-strategic implications.
To test hypotheses following from this theoretical argument, I employ two
methodological approaches. The first is statistical analysis. I develop a new data set of
presidential crisis response choices and expand an existing data set on U.S. public
attitudes toward the use of force, from 1949 to 2001. Using two extant data collections
identifying international crises, I conduct Ordered Logit analyses, which produce results
that are largely supportive of the hypotheses. The second methodological approach is the case study method. I conduct two detailed case studies of decisions to use force in
Bosnia (1995) and Afghanistan (2001). These analyses are also supportive of the
theoretical argument. I conclude that presidents are largely responsive to public opinion
in the selection of crisis responses.
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Chinese-Canadian and Hong Kong immigrant views on same-sex marriageWai, Daphina. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--York University (Canada), 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Das deutsche Russlandbild im frühen 18. Jahrhundert : Untersuchungen zur zeitgenössischen Presseberichterstattung über Russland unter Peter I. /Blome, Astrid, January 2000 (has links)
Diss.--Universität Bremen, 1999. / Numéro de "Forschungen zur osteuropäischen Geschichte" = 0067-5903, Bd. 57 (2000). Bibliogr. p. 367-413. Index.
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Overtuiging en geweld : vreedzame en gewelddadige acties tegen de apartheid /Buijs, Frank Jaap, January 1900 (has links)
Texte remanié de: Proefschrift--Sociale wetenschappen--Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 301-312. Index.
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Tidevarvets bättre genius : föreställningar om offentlighet och publicitet i Karl Johanstidens Sverige /Rosengren, Cecilia, January 1900 (has links)
Avhandling--Göteborg, 1999. / Bibliogr. p. 219-[225]. Résumé en anglais.
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