Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) scramble for Africa which begun in 1980 and 90’s as a result of the introduction of Structural Adjusted Policies (SAP) by the neo-liberalist which are; International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank was purposely meant for free market economy, less government intervention in the economy in order to raise competition, induce rapid growth and economic development. The introduction of SAP resulted to a vacuum in the provision of welfare in Ghana especially in the remote areas. Since the introduction of SAP bilateral and multilateral institutions are increasingly entrusting NGOs to carry out the needs of the people more than government. This has led to a myriad explosion of local and international NGOs in Ghana for development purposes. Though the rural poor are the primary aim for NGOs and District Assembly (DA) activities, they are often the least to be contacted on the implementation and formulation of programs or projects in terms of priorities and interventions. The materials and methods used in the write up of this thesis include field survey, interviews and literature study. Both primary and secondary data was used. Purposive sampling is adopted based on the objectives of the study. Forty households were selected in order to interview project participants since they were expected to have first-hand knowledge of the organizations projects and activities. This was supplemented with interviews with focus group discussion, key informants, international and local NGOs and government officials’ interviews were made. The study emphasized that NGOs suffer from external agenda-setting which makes their programs or projects rigidly defined and create new dependencies. This prevents them from carrying out other actions apart from those initially foreseen in the project or program (not flexible) (top-down). Interventions have not benefited the people and lack of transparency and co-ordination among the NGOs and the DA is a primary problem in the study area. The stakeholders often contribute to an all-ready decided projects or programs and participated in past development programs or projects as laborers. Clientelist has weakened the DA system in Lambussie. There has not been any training for sustainable self-reliant organizations by the nine NGOs operating in Karni. Also it was evident from the study that farmers have not made any collective efforts to improve their marketing situation in the area and neither has NGOs and DA made any effort to improve farmers marketing situation. The study made the following suggestions; access to improved infrastructures, availability of unrestricted funds from donors, education and gender issues, enhancing micro-credit schemes and small scale industries, modernization of agricultural productivity, transparency and accountability—of which would help to improve DA and NGOs activities and achieve sustainable food security in Karni.

Since global economy is getting worse for two years, the banking industry is much worse than any other industry especially. Human capital becomes the strength of companies for surviving. In addition, it is a challenge for companies to train and retain the talents depending upon limited resources and fund. However, it is a critical issue to evaluate whether training programs work and raise the organization performance. Therefore, we are going to discuss if the performance of supervisor is improved after the supervisors took the training programs of management competency. This research method is based on questionnaires. According to the result, trainees satisfied with the settlement of courses. Moreover, direct managers are satisfied with the improvement of performance of those supervisors who took the training courses. Within the dimensions, we found that the performance of communication improved the most. Supervisors play an intermediate role to facilitate the performance of corporations. The improvement of communication can help the performance of supervisors. Additionally, the ability of communication is an important trait for supervisors to get promoted. The research result follows the research hypothesis. The results show that the satisfaction of training course settlement has obvious positive influence on effectiveness of management competency. The Gamma is .33(P<.05). The results show that it is effective for companies raise management abilities of employees by spending time and money in training programs.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : chimie et physico-chimie des polymères : Le Mans : 2007. Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : chimie : La Nouvelle-Orléans : 2007. / Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 2001. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 215-220). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alberta, 1963. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [135]-149).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 190-205). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2003. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2001. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-110). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (B.A.)-Oregon State University, 1997. / Includes bibliographical referenes (leaves 20-22). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2002. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-45). Also available online.