In March 1933, the administration of United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated a national relief program aimed at alleviating the disastrous effects ofthe Great Depression. The Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) began as one of these programs designed to employ young men from all over the country and put them "back to work". The CCC provided these young men with training, a monthly stipend, and basic supplies such as food, clothing, and accommodations. After 1942, CCC camps were closed and many of these sites were abandoned or destroyed, leaving little historical documentation as to the experiences ofthe people involved. This project revolves around the archaeological investigations and data recovery of a CCC camp that was in operation from 1933-1942 in Zigzag, Oregon. This research analyzes the remains of the camp in order to gain further knowledge about this important period in American history, and more specifically, Oregon history. In assessing the material culture left behind, combined with the historical documents and oral history interviews, the goal of this project was to expand the historical and archaeological narrative of the CCC experience. More specifically, the aim of this research was to reveal the unwritten record of CCC camp life in a pivotal period of American history. The results of the historical archaeological research indicates that Camp Zigzag represents a community that participated in resistance related activities, such as drinking alcohol on camp property, but one that also adhered to the regulations of camp policy. Military-style order and training permeated even the surrounding architectural environment. The rituals of daily life in the structured order of the camp appear to have developed and formulated a strong sense of cohesion among the men. However, resistance-related items, such as alcohol bottles, suggest that Camp Zigzag enrollees resisted the authoritarian dynamic of the camp. Social drinking would have provided the men with a sense of solidarity and commonality that would have been maintained beyond the ideals of camp uniformity. This communal familiarity may have influenced the men's behaviour in daily camp routines, rituals, and work. Overall, the archaeological evidence depicts the Camp Zigzag community as united through the bonds of formality and in its resistance to it. Camp Zigzag offered a unique and unusually expansive window into not only the history of Oregon State, but into the history of our nation as a whole. The camp's archaeological assemblage remains as an important learning tool and its value far exceeds the humble nature of its material contents. It is a collection of untold stories representing the lives of young men and their families at a tumultuous turning point in American history.

This project examines the landscape of the farming community of Beagle, Oregon prior to and during the Second World War and the effect on it due to the construction of Camp White, a World War II training facility. The Beagle landscape is examined through the prism of current theory that suggests that landscapes are not discrete units of analysis but are, instead, symbiotic relationships between land and people. Utilizing archives, contemporary newspaper accounts, photographs, oral histories, and archaeological investigation, the history of the construction of Beagle landscape, the effects of the construction of Camp White, the subsequent removal of Beagle residents, and postwar renewal are examined. The project concludes that the Beagle landscape was, and is, a holistic entity that, though dramatically changed in 1942, continues to exist and inform the lives of surviving original residents as well as the history of the Beagle area. / Graduation date: 2007

Founded in 1892, the Portland Art Association (PAA) served as Oregon's and the Pacific Northwest's leading visual arts institution for almost a century. While the Association formally dissolved in 1984, its legacy is felt strongly today in the work of its successor organizations, the Portland Art Museum and Pacific Northwest College of Art. Emerging during a period of considerable innovation in and fervent advocacy for the arts across America, the Association provided the organizational network and resources around which an energetic and diverse group of city leaders, civic reformers and philanthropists, as well as artists and art educators, coalesced. This thesis describes the collaboration among arts and civic advocates under the banner of aesthetic education during the Association's first four decades. Though art education continued to be critically important to the organization after 1932, the year the Association opened its new Museum, art was no longer conceived of as an instrument for improving general community life and programs focused on more specialized, fine arts-related activities.

Using GIS, this study creates a predictive model of a distinct population of French-Canadian settlers, highlighting shared environmental characteristics of known sites that may have factored into their decision-making process as they chose locations for their farmsteads. While traditional historic and archaeological research has been conducted on French Prairie, the advent of GIS and readily available data sets facilitated this first multivariate, statistical, predictive model of French-Canadian settlement. This study explored theoretical and logistical issues of predictive modeling and determined that this population may be uniquely suited to predictive modeling. Here, however, substantiating a previous settlement pattern was problematic and the variables used produced a weak predictive model. One by-product of this research was the digitalization, rectification and analysis of 1852 GLO maps of the French Prairie during the development of the "known sites" data theme. As an initial attempt at modeling, this study points to the need for ongoing archeological testing and modeling efforts as development on and around French Prairie threatens archaeological resources. The study suggests other environmental and social variables for further testing. / Graduation date: 2005