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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Kinetics of ordering during the epitaxial growth of binary alloys

Smith, James Robert, Jr. 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
2

Radiation induced order-disorder transformation

Zee, Ralph Hing-chung. January 1981 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-210).
3

Effects of molecular shape on the structure of alkane mixtures

Tra, Van-Huu. January 1982 (has links)
Using the new Picker flow calorimeter, the excess heat capacity (C(,p)('E)) has been measured for systems containing normal, branched and cyclic alkanes. The results indicate two unusual effects: (1) a large negative contribution due to the destruction of orientational order in a pure n-alkane component, and (2) a positive contribution attributed to the "condensation" of a more freely-moving molecule or segment on a sterically-hindered branched alkane, resulting in a restriction of rotational movement, i.e. creation of order in the solution. Mixtures of cycloalkanes and their methyl derivatives also show unexpected positive effects in the excess heat capacity. Thus the plate-like cyclopentane molecule gives positive C(,p)('E) values when mixed with other plate-like methyl derivatives of cyclohexane suggesting a hindering of its molecular rotation. / Cyclohexane mixed with globular branched and cyclic alkanes shows S-shaped C(,p)('E) curves, negative at low concentration of cyclohexane but positive at high, indicating the possibility of a restriction of cyclohexane motion. / Effects of order are also apparent in the equation of state of a liquid. The thermal pressure coefficient for systems containing n-hexadecane has been found to be anomalous and is explained by a lowering of the internal energy of n-hexadecane by orientational order. / Excess volume (V('E)) has been studied for systems of branched and normal alkanes by investigating different effects contributing to the total V('E), particularly an important effect of a difference in thermal pressure coefficients of the two components.
4

Effects of molecular shape on the structure of alkane mixtures

Tra, Van-Huu. January 1982 (has links)
No description available.
5

X-ray intensity fluctuation spectroscopy of the ordering in Cu3Au

Zhang, Yongfang, 1976- January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
6

Disordering kinetics in orthopyroxenes

Besancon, James Robert January 1975 (has links)
Thesis. 1975. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences. / Bibliography: leaves 124-128. / by James R. Besancon. / Ph.D.
7

An electron microscopy study of continuous ordering and phase separation in iron-rich iron-aluminum alloys

Allen, Samuel Miller January 1975 (has links)
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 1975. / Vita. / Includes bibliographical references. / The discrepancy between two recent phase diagram determinations of the Fe-Al system is resolved experimentally. Both diagrams are correct, but-one is a metastable coherent phase diagram. The iron-aluminum system possesses a tricritical point where a line of [lambda]- transitions ends at a miscibility gap at about 23 atom percent aluminum and 615°C. Rules of general applicability governing phase separation within the miscibility gap are developed. Application of the rules to the iron-aluminum system results in detailed predictions about the mechanisms of decomposition and their sequences in this system. Electron microscopy is used to study the reactions experimentally and the results are in agreement with theoretical predictions. / by Samuel Miller Allen. / Ph. D.
8

Efeitos de desordem nas propriedades estruturais e termodinamicas de ligas metalicas

Meirelles, Bernardo Radefeld 03 October 2005 (has links)
Orientador: Alex Antonelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T02:41:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Meirelles_BernardoRadefeld_M.pdf: 1827063 bytes, checksum: c7056762ebe8e49320a7987daa28a57a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O objetivo desta dissertação foi estudar o efeito da ordem local sobre o volume, a energia livre vibracional e a entropia vibracional da liga N i3Al. Esse estudo foi realizado através de cálculos de dinâmica molecular clássica utilizando o potencial empírico de Cleri-Rosato, e as equações de movimento de Martyna, Klein e Tuckerman associadas ao método de Andersen que permitem simular o ensemble isobárico. O volume foi obtido por simulações de relaxação. E a energia livre da liga Ni3Al foi obtida através do método computacional chamado reversible scaling, que inclui todos os efeitos anarmônicos. Nos cálculos foram utilizadas diversas células computacionais possuindo diferentes graus de ordem local, mas com desordem total de longo alcance. A partir da determinação da energia livre obteve-se a diferença de entropia vibracional entre a liga ordenada e as várias fases possuindo apenas ordenamento local. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a ordem local exerce um papel fundamental sobre o volume e a entropia vibracional, mostrando que existe uma estreita ligação entre a diferença de entropia vibracional e a variação do volume. Além das simulações de dinâmica molecular clássica, realizaram-se cálculos de primeiros princípios dentro da aproximação da teoria do funcional da densidade (DFT), que permitiram obter o volume da liga em função da ordem local, assim como a entalpia e entropia de formação de vacâncias de Ni na liga Ni3Al. Para realizar esses cálculos utilizou-se o código computacional VASP (Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package), que permite realizar cálculos eficientes com metais de transição através da utilização de pseudopotenciais ultrasoft ou do método PAW (Projector Augmented Wave). Em nossos cálculos utilizamos a GGA (Gener-alized Gradient Approximation) para o termo de troca-correlação, e nossos resultados sugerem que o potencial emp'ýrico de Cleri-Rosato descreve com boa concordancia as propriedades estruturais do Ni3Al previstas pelos cálculos ab initio / Abstract: The aim of this work was to study how properties such as volume, vibrational free energy and vibrational entropy are affected by the presence of local order in the Ni3Al alloy. We performed molecular dynamics calculations using the empirical potential of Cleri-Rosato and for the dynamics we used Martyna, Klein and Tuckerman equations of motion associated with the Andersen method, which allowed us to simulate the isobaric ensemble. We obtained the volume by simulations of relaxation and the free energy was calculated through a method called reversible scaling, which includes all anharmonic effects. The computational cells, used in our calculations, had only local order with zero long range order. Vibrational entropy differences could be obtained from the free energy results of an ordered cell and several others exhibiting only local order. Our results suggest that local order plays a central role in the volume and in the vibrational entropy, indicating that there is an important connection between vibrational entropy differences and volume. We also carried out first principles calculations at the density funcional theory (DFT) level of the Ni3Al alloy from which were obtained the volume as a function of local order and the formation enthalpy and entropy of Ni vacancies. These calculations were done using a computational code called VASP (Vienna Ab-Initio Simulation Package), which describes with good accuracy systems containing transition metals by using ultrasoft pseudopotentials or the PAW (Projector Augmented Wave) method. In these calculations, the electron exchange correlation effects were described using the approximation called GGA (Generalized Gradient Approximation). Our results suggest that the Cleri-Rosato empirical potential describes with good accuracy the ab initio results obtained for Ni3Al / Mestrado / Física / Mestre em Física
9

Transições de fase em ligas substitucionais e líquidos polimórficos através de simulações atomísticas / Phase transitions in substitutional alloys and polymorphic liquids through atomistic simulations

Michelon, Mateus Fontana 10 May 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Alex Antonelli / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:09:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelon_MateusFontana_D.pdf: 2538667 bytes, checksum: 7cf68d701030ed6e318c7312b4f25a03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Um dos objetivos da simulação atomística na ciência dos materiais é calcular as propriedades de um material virtual e propor rotas para sua fabricação em laboratório. Uma das principais propriedades que o material deve apresentar antes de ser sintetizado é a estabilidade termodinâmica. Como a estabilidade é determinada pela energia livre, o cálculo preciso desta quantidade é de fundamental importância na construção de um laboratório virtual. Neste contexto, desenvolvemos uma metodologia alternativa para a determinação da energia livre de ligas substitucionais, que leva em conta os graus de liberdade vibracionais e configuracionais com precisão controlada. A metodologia utiliza o método de Monte Carlo para simular a dinâmica de trocas e vibrações atômicas e determina a energia livre através dos métodos de ligação adiabática e escalamento reversível. Além disso, a metodologia é capaz de avaliar a influência de mecanismos associados à entropia vibracional, através da relaxação sucessiva de vínculos na dinâmica. Especificamente, permite quantificar os mecanismos de a) proporção de ligações entre átomos distintos, b) discrepância entre volumes atômicos e c) relaxação volumétrica, e identificar a origem da diferença de entropia vibracional na transição ordem-desordem. Testamos e aplicamos a metodologia para estudar um modelo semiempírico da liga Ni3Al. Observamos um aumento da entropia vibracional na transição ordem-desordem comparável com o aumento da entropia configuracional e explicado pelo aumento de volume na transição. Outra característica de um laboratório virtual é possuir modelos que descrevam satisfatoriamente os sistemas de interesse. Investigamos um potencial do tipo tight-binding e descobrimos que não é transferível para descrever fenômenos de ordem-desordem em diversas ligas. Além de investigar o fenômeno ordem-desordem em ligas, estudamos transições de fase líquido-líquido em substâncias puras. Apresentamos uma evidência teórica de transição líquido-líquido de primeira ordem em um modelo semiempírico do gálio, fornecendo suporte a uma recente evidência experimental de transição líquido-líquido no regime super-resfriado deste elemento. Além disso, as simulações atomísticas sugerem um mecanismo microscópico para esta transição. Outras características de um laboratório virtual são a possibilidade de estudar sistemas em condições experimentais inacessíveis e a capacidade de propor novos experimentos. Neste contexto, apresentamos uma evidência teórica de transição líquido-líquido em um modelo ab initio para o dióxido de carbono. A transição ocorre entre um líquido molecular e um líquido polimérico em uma região do diagrama de fases atualmente inacessível experimentalmente. Em um futuro próximo, esperamos que seja possível testar esta previsão teórica e sintetizar fases poliméricas por meios físicos. / Abstract: One of the goals of atomistic simulation in materials science is to calculate properties of a virtual material and suggest routes for its fabrication in laboratory. One of the main properties that the material must have before being synthesized is the thermodynamical stability. As the thermodynamical stability is determined by the free energy, its accurate calculation is of fundamental importance for the construction of a virtual laboratory. In this context, we developed an alternative methodology to determine the free energy of substitutional alloys, which takes into account both the vibrational and configurational degrees of freedom with controlled accuracy. The methodology uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate both the vibrational and exchange dynamics and uses the adiabatic switching and reversible scaling methods to calculate the free energy efficiently. In addition, the methodology is able to evaluate the effect of three mechanisms in the vibrational entropy, through successive relaxations of constraints associated with the dynamics. Specifically, it allows to quantify the mechanisms of a) bond proportion, b) atomic size mismatch and c) bulk volume, and thus identify the origin of the vibrational entropy difference at the order-disorder transition. We tested and applied the methodology to study a semiempirical model of the Ni3Al alloy. We observed an increasing of the vibrational entropy at the order-disorder transition comparable to the configurational entropy increasing and explained by an increasing of the bulk volume. Another expected feature of a virtual laboratory is to offer models that describe satisfactorily the systems of interest. We investigated a tight-binding potential and found out that it is not transferable to describe the order-disorder phenomena in several alloys. In addition to the study of the order-disorder phenomena in alloys, we investigated phase transitions between two liquids of a pure substance. We present a theoretical evidence of a first-order liquid-liquid phase transition in a semiempirical model of gallium, which lend support to the recent experimental evidence of a first-order liquid-liquid transition in the supercooled regime of this element. Moreover, the atomistic simulations suggest a microscopic mechanism for this phase transition. Another expected features of a virtual laboratory are the possibility to investigate systems in unreachable experimental conditions and the capacity to suggest new experiments. In this context, we present an ab initio theoretical evidence of a liquid-liquid phase transition in carbon dioxide. We predict a transition between a molecular liquid and a polymeric liquid at a temperature and pressure which are presently unreachable experimentally. We hope that in the near future it will be possible to test this theoretical prediction and synthesize polymeric phases through physical means. / Doutorado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Doutor em Ciências

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