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Polarization and gain phenomena in dye-doped polymer micro-lasers / Phénomènes liés à la polarisation et au gain dans des micro-lasers en polymère dopé par des colorants organiquesGozhyk, Iryna 16 October 2012 (has links)
La démonstration de la première diode laser organique reste un défi majeur en opto-électronique organique. Parmi les nombreuses problématiques à étudier, l’aspect « matériau » (gain et pertes) est capital. Par exemple, la limite théorique basse du seuil laser en pompage électrique pourrait être connue s’il existait une méthode d’estimation fiable du seuil laser en pompage optique. Dans cette thèse nous avons étudié le gain et la polarisation de lasers basés sur des couches minces de polymère dopées par des colorants organiques. L’originalité de ce travail repose sur l’étude des propriétés du matériau organique à travers l’analyse des caractéristiques de microlasers. Cela permet aussi de s’intéresser aux problématiques de couplage gain-mode et aux systèmes ouverts. Nous proposons une description quantitative du processus d’amplification dans les matériaux organiques. Une relation liant gain, pertes et seuil est établie dans le cas d’une cavité Fabry-Perot, ce qui permet par la suite l’étude de l’amplification optique et de l’extraction de la lumière dans les cavités diélectriques à travers la mesure précise du seuil laser. Nous avons exploré différentes formes de cavités, comme les carrés où la lumière est couplée vers l’extérieur par diffraction au niveau des coins. Nous avons démontré que l’anisotropie de fluorescence intrinsèque des molécules de colorant gouverne la polarisation de tels systèmes lasers. Nous avons développé à cette occasion un modèle original incluant la distribution non-isotrope des molécules dans le polymère. Nous avons aussi étudié le rôle de la géométrie de la cavité sur l’état de polarisation du laser, et différents moyens de contrôler cet état. / The demonstration of an electrically pumped organic laser remains a major issue of organic optoelectronics for several decades. This goal requires an improved device configuration so as to reduce losses which are intrinsically higher under electrical excitation compared to optical pumping. Moreover a systematic investigation of the material properties is still missing and should lead to a reliable estimate of the lasing threshold under optical pumping, and then to a lower limit for electrical pumping. In this thesis we addressed the issue of gain and polarization properties of organic materials in the case of dye-doped polymer thin films. The originality of this work lies in the study of materials via the features of dielectric micro-lasers, allowing to investigate the issues of gain and mode coupling and the physics of open systems. We propose a quantitative description of amplification in organic materials. The “gain-loss-threshold” relation was developed and demonstrated for a Fabry-Perot type cavity, opening the way to study both amplification in organic materials and light out-coupling in dielectric micro-cavities via the lasing threshold. Within this context, different cavity shapes were studied, for instance squares, where light out-coupling takes place by diffraction at dielectric corners. We evidence that polarization properties of such lasing system originate from the intrinsic fluorescence anisotropy of dyes, which required to develop a specific anisotropic model going beyond the existing theory. We also investigated the role of the cavity geometry on the polarization states of the micro-lasers and proposed different ways to influence these features.
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Polarization and gain phenomena in dye-doped polymer micro-lasersGozhyk, Iryna 16 October 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The demonstration of an electrically pumped organic laser remains a major issue of organic optoelectronics for several decades. This goal requires an improved device configuration so as to reduce losses which are intrinsically higher under electrical excitation compared to optical pumping. Moreover a systematic investigation of the material properties is still missing and should lead to a reliable estimate of the lasing threshold under optical pumping, and then to a lower limit for electrical pumping. In this thesis we addressed the issue of gain and polarization properties of organic materials in the case of dye-doped polymer thin films. The originality of this work lies in the study of materials via the features of dielectric micro-lasers, allowing to investigate the issues of gain and mode coupling and the physics of open systems. We propose a quantitative description of amplification in organic materials. The "gain-loss-threshold" relation was developed and demonstrated for a Fabry-Perot type cavity, opening the way to study both amplification in organic materials and light out-coupling in dielectric micro-cavities via the lasing threshold. Within this context, different cavity shapes were studied, for instance squares, where light out-coupling takes place by diffraction at dielectric corners. We evidence that polarization properties of such lasing system originate from the intrinsic fluorescence anisotropy of dyes, which required to develop a specific anisotropic model going beyond the existing theory. We also investigated the role of the cavity geometry on the polarization states of the micro-lasers and proposed different ways to influence these features.
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