Les start-up représentent un vivier important de création d'emplois et de richesses. La forte hétérogénéité de leurs trajectoires conduit à s'interroger sur les éléments à l'origine du processus de croissance. La plupart des recherches antérieures réalisées sur cette question soulignent le rôle central du dirigeant, essentiellement en termes de capacité à perdre le contrôle au sein de l'entreprise et de motivation à la croissance. En s'inscrivant dans le cadre d'analyse de la gouvernance élargie, qui invite à prendre simultanément en compte les visions coercitives et cognitives de la gouvernance, cette recherche s'intéresse aux profils des 2703 dirigeants de start-up ayant été soutenues par le Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche entre 1999 et 2012. L'objectif principal est de comprendre les liens qui existent entre les représentations de ces dirigeants en matière de croissance et de gouvernance et les trajectoires de leur société. Les résultats mettent en évidence l'existence de quatre idéaux-types d'entrepreneurs. Les indépendants ont une vision cognitive de la gouvernance et considèrent que les actionnaires doivent avoir un pouvoir habilitant d'apport de compétences, de connaissances et de réseau. Ils attendent de la croissance qu'elle leur offre une indépendance plus forte, et sont à la tête d'une société ayant connu une certaine croissance dans le passé ; ils ne sont plus réellement motivés pour continuer à la faire croitre. Les collectifs ont une vision hybride de la gouvernance, centrée principalement sur le rôle coercitif managérial des actionnaires mais aussi sur leurs apports cognitifs. Ces dirigeants ne voient la croissance que de manière positive et, contrairement aux indépendants, si leur société n'a pas encore connu la croissance, ils y sont fortement motivés. Les managers ont uniquement une vision coercitive financière de la gouvernance ; ils anticipent la croissance comme un moyen de consolider une société qui a déjà vu sa taille fortement augmenter par le passé. Leur motivation à la croissance est également très élevée. Finalement, les autocentrés n'accordent qu'un rôle extrêmement faible aux actionnaires ; ils ont une vision négative de la croissance, sont à la tête d'une société qui n'a pas connu de croissance passée et ne souhaitent pas que cela change dans le futur. En conclusion, nous observons des relations fortes entre les représentations des dirigeants en matière de gouvernance et de croissance, et les trajectoires des start-up qu'ils dirigent. / Start-ups' represent a large pool of job and wealth creation. The high heterogeneity of their trajectories raises questions about the factors behind the growth process. Most previous research on this issue highlights the central role of the entrepreneur, primarily in terms of ability to lose control within the company and motivation for growth. This research is embedded in the broader conception of corporate governance that calls for taking into account simultaneously disciplinary and cognitive views of governance. This study analyzes the 2,703 entrepreneurs' profiles of start-ups which have been supported by the French Ministry in charge of Research between 1999 and 2012. The main objective is to understand the relationship between entrepreneurs' representations in terms of growth and governance and the trajectories of their firms. The results show the existence of four types of entrepreneurs. The independent entrepreneurs have a cognitive approach to corporate governance and consider that shareholders should have an enabling power by bringing skills, knowledge and network to the firm. They expect that growth could offer them greater independence, and are at the head of a company having experienced some growth in the past; they are still more motivated to continue to grow. The collective entrepreneurs have a hybrid approach to governance, centered primarily on managerial disciplinary role of shareholders but also on their cognitive contributions. These entrepreneurs only see growth in a positive way and, unlike independent entrepreneurs, if their company has not yet experienced growth, they are highly motivated for growth. The entrepreneurs-managers have only a disciplinary financial governance view; they anticipate growth as a way to consolidate the company that has seen its size greatly increased in the past. Their motivation to growth is also very high. Finally, self-centered entrepreneurs accord only extremely small role to shareholders; they have a negative view of growth, are at the head of a company which has no past growth and do not want to change in the future. To conclude, we observe a strong relationship between entrepreneurs' representations in terms of governance and growth, and the trajectories of the start-ups they lead.

Introduction: The epidemic of overweight and obesity both worldwide and in Canada is indicative of the need for proper growth monitoring beginning at birth. This study evaluated Family Physician’s (FP) Level of Use (LoU) of the recommended 2006 and 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) Growth Charts for monitoring their paediatric patients’ growth. It explored factors influencing LoU, utilizing the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory and Ecological Framework for Effective Implementation (EFEI) as guiding models. FPs’ awareness of resources to support paediatric weight management was also assessed. Methods: A survey was distributed to FP in British Columbia (BC), Canada (N = 2853). The survey addressed provider and innovation characteristics, prevention delivery and support system factors, and barriers and facilitators to chart use. Correlations and multiple linear regression were used to determine correlates and predictors of LoU. Results: Sixty-two surveys were returned (2.2%). WHO Growth Chart LoU was 80.4%. Six variables significantly predicted LoU, including age (β = -.28, t = -3.15, p < .05), practicing in Fraser Health Authority region (β = -.24, t = -2.67, p < .05), assessing head circumference of birth to two year olds (β = .23, t = 2.45, p < .05), perceived growth chart accessibility (β = .39, t = 4.22, p < .05) and compatibility (β = .47, t = 5.27, p < .05), and innovativeness (β = -.37, t = -4.11, p < .05). These variables accounted for 69% of the variance in LoU. The most commonly identified barrier and facilitator to chart use was related to the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. FPs’ awareness of resources to support overweight paediatric patients was low. Conclusion: The majority of FP in BC in this sample had adopted the WHO Growth Charts. The results showed partial support for DOI theory and EFEI derived factors. Despite a small sample size, the findings highlighted the importance of installing the charts in the EMR systems, and can provide a foundation for future public health dissemination efforts and research on medical guideline implementation. / Graduate / 0573 / 0769 / erand@uvic.ca

Introduction: The epidemic of overweight and obesity both worldwide and in Canada is indicative of the need for proper growth monitoring beginning at birth. This study evaluated Family Physician’s (FP) Level of Use (LoU) of the recommended 2006 and 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) Growth Charts for monitoring their paediatric patients’ growth. It explored factors influencing LoU, utilizing the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory and Ecological Framework for Effective Implementation (EFEI) as guiding models. FPs’ awareness of resources to support paediatric weight management was also assessed. Methods: A survey was distributed to FP in British Columbia (BC), Canada (N = 2853). The survey addressed provider and innovation characteristics, prevention delivery and support system factors, and barriers and facilitators to chart use. Correlations and multiple linear regression were used to determine correlates and predictors of LoU. Results: Sixty-two surveys were returned (2.2%). WHO Growth Chart LoU was 80.4%. Six variables significantly predicted LoU, including age (β = -.28, t = -3.15, p < .05), practicing in Fraser Health Authority region (β = -.24, t = -2.67, p < .05), assessing head circumference of birth to two year olds (β = .23, t = 2.45, p < .05), perceived growth chart accessibility (β = .39, t = 4.22, p < .05) and compatibility (β = .47, t = 5.27, p < .05), and innovativeness (β = -.37, t = -4.11, p < .05). These variables accounted for 69% of the variance in LoU. The most commonly identified barrier and facilitator to chart use was related to the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. FPs’ awareness of resources to support overweight paediatric patients was low. Conclusion: The majority of FP in BC in this sample had adopted the WHO Growth Charts. The results showed partial support for DOI theory and EFEI derived factors. Despite a small sample size, the findings highlighted the importance of installing the charts in the EMR systems, and can provide a foundation for future public health dissemination efforts and research on medical guideline implementation. / Graduate / 0573 / 0769 / erand@uvic.ca