The thesis deals with organizational structures, emphasizing a flexibility of their forms, and reorganization. In the theoretical part there were explained reasons of modern organization, types of organizational forms, incentives and way of reorganization as well as corporate control mechanisms. The practical part applies these findings to restructuring of SAP corporation by a design of a control process of the newly formed organizational structure.

As mudanças presentes nos mercados e nas economias mundiais direcionam as empresas para novas formas de atuação, seja em suas estratégias, seja em suas estruturas. Em especial, as atividades e estruturas de marketing ganham atenção nesse processo de adaptação, visto que se constituem em facilitadores da interação entre a empresa e seu ambiente. Nesse contexto, a presente tese teve por objetivo analisar os impactos recíprocos entre estratégias da empresa e estruturas de marketing. Para atingir o objetivo proposto pela tese, realizaram-se uma revisão teórica e um trabalho de campo exploratório. A bibliografia pesquisada foi delimitada dentro de um escopo contingencial e sistêmico. Na revisão da bibliografia, abordaram-se os conceitos relacionados às estratégias e aos níveis estratégicos da empresa: estratégias corporativas, competitivas, funcionais e de marketing. Também foram pesquisados os assuntos ligados às estruturas organizacionais e às estruturas de marketing. Além de empreender essa busca conceitual, a presente tese discutiu os resultados encontrados em estudos anteriores sobre o relacionamento entre estratégias e estruturas, assim como entre estratégias e estruturas de marketing. Por último, a revisão contribuiu com a ideia de hierarquização de múltiplos níveis e sua interpretação nas estruturas de marketing. O trabalho de campo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa e utilizou o método de estudo de caso encaixado, instrumental e de replicação teórica. A investigação do trabalho de campo ocorreu junto às unidades de análises contidas nas empresas Conexel e Schneider Electric Brasil, ambas pertencentes ao setor de materiais elétricos de instalação. As análises desse estudo de campo foram realizadas em duas etapas: a primeira, com a descrição e a análise individual de cada caso selecionado; a segunda, com a consolidação e a discussão conjunta das análises obtidas individualmente. A replicação teórica dos casos refletiu os conceitos vistos e defendidos na revisão teórica da tese e reforçou as ideias presentes na conclusão do trabalho. Os resultados da tese indicam que as estruturas de marketing são subordinadas às estratégias da empresa. A função marketing não está isolada na organização, e as decisões das áreas de marketing interagem com todas as outras áreas funcionais independentemente dos departamentos envolvidos. Na tese, verificou-se de modo teórico que as estruturas de marketing se alteram conforme o marketing deixa de ser apenas uma área funcional. As estruturas de marketing tentem a migrar para formas mais inovativas quando passam a ser compreendidas como parte das decisões das estratégias da empresa. À medida que as estratégias são formuladas em condições ambientais cada vez mais competitivas, as estruturas de marketing migram para níveis hierárquicos superiores dentro de um sistema de múltiplos níveis. As questões advindas dos insights gerados por este estudo podem contribuir para a geração de parâmetros específicos sobre o tema, como formulação de métricas, categorias e hipóteses necessárias para a condução de novos estudos conclusivos que generalizem as ideias exploradas nesta tese. / The changes in the worldwide markets and economies direct the companies to new forms of actuation, either in their strategies, or in their structures. Particularly, the marketing activities and structures gain attention in this process of adaptation, since they constitute themselves as facilitators of the interaction between the company and its environment. Within this context, the present thesis aimed to analyze the reciprocal impacts between the company´ strategies and the marketing structures. In order to reach objective proposed by the thesis, a theoretical review and an exploratory field work were carried out. The bibliography researched was delimited within a contingential and systemic scope. Upon reviewing the bibliography, the concepts related to the strategies and the strategic levels of the company were discussed: corporate, competitive, functional and marketing strategies. Also, subjects related to organizational and marketing structures were researched. In addition to undertaking this conceptual search, the present thesis discussed the results found in previous studies on the relationship between strategies and structures, as well as between strategies and marketing structures. At last, the study contributed with the idea of hierarchizing the multiple levels and its interpretation in the marketing structures. The field work was carried out through exploratory and qualitative research and used the embedded, instrumental and theoretical replication methods of case study. The investigation of the field work took place in the units of analysis of the companies Conexel and Schneider Electric Brazil, both belonging to the electrical material installation segment. The analyses of this field study were carried out in two phases: the first one, with the individual description and analysis of each selected case; the second one, with the consolidation and joint discussion of the analyses obtained individually. The theoretical replication of the cases reflected the concepts considered and supported in the theoretical review of the thesis and reinforced the ideas presented in the conclusion of this work. The results of this thesis indicate that the marketing structures are subordinated to the company´ strategies. The marketing function is not isolated in the organization and the decisions of the marketing areas interact with all the other functional areas, irrespective of the departments involved. In the thesis, it was verified, in a theoretical way, that the marketing structures are altered as the marketing stops being only a functional area. The marketing structures tend to migrate to more innovative forms when they start to be understood as part of the decisions of the company´ strategies. While the strategies are formulated under more and more competitive environmental conditions, the marketing structures migrate to higher hierarchical levels within a system of multiple levels. The questions arising from the insights generated by this study may contribute to the generation of specific parameters on the subject, such as the formulation of metrics, categories and hypotheses that are necessary to conducting new conclusive studies that generalize the ideas exploited within this thesis.

Para alcançar o sucesso esportivo no contexto internacional, ou seja, conquistar medalhas nas principais competições internacionais, é necessária a interação de diversos fatores, sendo alguns deles os aspectos financeiros, as políticas públicas para o esporte, o desenvolvimento do atleta da iniciação ao alto rendimento, boas instalações esportivas, o apoio à carreira de técnicos, a ciência aplicada ao esporte entre outros. Apesar de o Brasil ainda não ser uma potência esportiva, algumas modalidades esportivas se destacam em competições internacionais, como o judô, a natação, a vela e o voleibol. Identificar os motivos pelos quais essas modalidades apresentam sucesso é importante para contribuir para o esporte no país, assim como para se criar uma referência para outras modalidades. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a estrutura organizacional das entidades esportivas e a qualidade dos programas de desenvolvimento de atletas de alto rendimento na modalidade judô, com ênfase nos processos de detecção, seleção e promoção de talentos esportivos (DSPTE) de judocas talentosos nos clubes que se destacam no Estado de São Paulo. Para isso, a pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas (A e B respectivamente) e contou com participação de nove técnicos e quarenta e três atletas das principais entidades esportivas que desenvolvem o judô no estado. Na etapa A, nove técnicos participaram de uma entrevista semiestruturada baseada em dez fatores para o sucesso no esporte. As entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas pelo método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). Na etapa B, os quarenta e três atletas responderam a um questionário padronizado sobre a qualidade de detecção e seleção do talento esportivo (DSTE) proposto por Rütten e Ziemainz (2005). Os resultados da etapa A demonstraram que as entidades de prática esportiva são responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento de atleta para o esporte de alto rendimento. Todavia, os técnicos apontaram que não existe uma interação eficiente entre as entidades de judô com as entidades que organizam o esporte e que não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos do judô brasileiro. Com relação aos resultados da etapa B, os atletas avaliaram como positivo o apoio dos pais e consideram que conseguir confiança é de fundamental importância na Detecção e Seleção de talentos (DSTE). Por outro lado, classificaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, os recursos materiais, o papel da escola e a baixa quantidade de atletas detectados e selecionados. Quanto à promoção do talento (PTE), os atletas classificaram como aspectos positivos a qualidade dos treinamentos e dos técnicos, o apoio dos pais e a existência de um bom sistema de competição. Os atletas avaliaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, econômico e a contribuição da escola para a PTE. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os atletas do judô são desenvolvidos por cada entidade esportiva de prática, contando com o apoio dos pais e com a boa qualidade dos treinamentos e técnicos, sem que haja uma participação efetiva das entidades de organização esportiva, uma vez que não existe interação entres as entidades para o desenvolvimento da modalidade, assim como não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos, e também não se utiliza o esporte na escola para a formação de atletas / The achievement of international sporting successes, that is, winning medals in the major international competitions, requires the interaction of several factors, such as finance, public policies for sport, good sport facilities, support for coaches, science applied to the sport, among others. Although Brazil is not a sports power, some of its sports stand out in international competitions such as judo, swimming, sailing and volleyball. Identifying the reason why these sports are successful is important to contribute to the sport in the country, as well as to create a benchmark to other sports. This research aimed to analyze the organizational structure of sports institutions and the quality of elite athletes development programs in judo, with emphasis on sporting talents detection, selection and promotion processes of talented judokas in sports clubs that stand out in the State of São Paulo. In order to do so, this research was divided into two phases (namely, A and B) and included the participation of 43 athletes and 9 coaches from major sports entities that develop judo in the state. In phase A, nine coaches answered a semi-structured interview based on 10 factors for sporting success. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). In phase B, the 43 athletes answered a standardized questionnaire on the quality of detection and selection of sporting talent proposed by Rütten and Ziemainz (2005). The results of phase A showed that sports practice entities are responsible for developing athletes for elite sport. However, coaches pointed out that there is no efficient interaction among entities in judo with sport management entities and that there is no national system for identifying and developing Brazilian judo talents. Concerning the results of phase B, athletes rated as positive the support of parents and consider that conquering trust is fundamentally important in detection and selection of sporting talents. On the other hand, they rated as negative the political support, the material resources, the role of the school, and the low number of detected and selected athletes. Regarding the talents promotion, athletes rated as positive the quality of training and coaches, the support of parents and the existence of a good competition system. Athletes rated as negative the political and economic support, and the contribution of school to the promotion of talents. According to the obtained results, judokas are developed by each sports practice entity, relying on the support of parents and on the quality of training and coaches, without any effective participation of sport management organizations, since there is no favorable interaction among sport development entities, there is no national system for identifying and developing talents as well as sport is not used in schools for training athletes

Para alcançar o sucesso esportivo no contexto internacional, ou seja, conquistar medalhas nas principais competições internacionais, é necessária a interação de diversos fatores, sendo alguns deles os aspectos financeiros, as políticas públicas para o esporte, o desenvolvimento do atleta da iniciação ao alto rendimento, boas instalações esportivas, o apoio à carreira de técnicos, a ciência aplicada ao esporte entre outros. Apesar de o Brasil ainda não ser uma potência esportiva, algumas modalidades esportivas se destacam em competições internacionais, como o judô, a natação, a vela e o voleibol. Identificar os motivos pelos quais essas modalidades apresentam sucesso é importante para contribuir para o esporte no país, assim como para se criar uma referência para outras modalidades. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a estrutura organizacional das entidades esportivas e a qualidade dos programas de desenvolvimento de atletas de alto rendimento na modalidade judô, com ênfase nos processos de detecção, seleção e promoção de talentos esportivos (DSPTE) de judocas talentosos nos clubes que se destacam no Estado de São Paulo. Para isso, a pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas (A e B respectivamente) e contou com participação de nove técnicos e quarenta e três atletas das principais entidades esportivas que desenvolvem o judô no estado. Na etapa A, nove técnicos participaram de uma entrevista semiestruturada baseada em dez fatores para o sucesso no esporte. As entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas pelo método Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). Na etapa B, os quarenta e três atletas responderam a um questionário padronizado sobre a qualidade de detecção e seleção do talento esportivo (DSTE) proposto por Rütten e Ziemainz (2005). Os resultados da etapa A demonstraram que as entidades de prática esportiva são responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento de atleta para o esporte de alto rendimento. Todavia, os técnicos apontaram que não existe uma interação eficiente entre as entidades de judô com as entidades que organizam o esporte e que não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos do judô brasileiro. Com relação aos resultados da etapa B, os atletas avaliaram como positivo o apoio dos pais e consideram que conseguir confiança é de fundamental importância na Detecção e Seleção de talentos (DSTE). Por outro lado, classificaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, os recursos materiais, o papel da escola e a baixa quantidade de atletas detectados e selecionados. Quanto à promoção do talento (PTE), os atletas classificaram como aspectos positivos a qualidade dos treinamentos e dos técnicos, o apoio dos pais e a existência de um bom sistema de competição. Os atletas avaliaram como aspectos negativos o apoio político, econômico e a contribuição da escola para a PTE. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os atletas do judô são desenvolvidos por cada entidade esportiva de prática, contando com o apoio dos pais e com a boa qualidade dos treinamentos e técnicos, sem que haja uma participação efetiva das entidades de organização esportiva, uma vez que não existe interação entres as entidades para o desenvolvimento da modalidade, assim como não existe um sistema nacional de identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos, e também não se utiliza o esporte na escola para a formação de atletas / The achievement of international sporting successes, that is, winning medals in the major international competitions, requires the interaction of several factors, such as finance, public policies for sport, good sport facilities, support for coaches, science applied to the sport, among others. Although Brazil is not a sports power, some of its sports stand out in international competitions such as judo, swimming, sailing and volleyball. Identifying the reason why these sports are successful is important to contribute to the sport in the country, as well as to create a benchmark to other sports. This research aimed to analyze the organizational structure of sports institutions and the quality of elite athletes development programs in judo, with emphasis on sporting talents detection, selection and promotion processes of talented judokas in sports clubs that stand out in the State of São Paulo. In order to do so, this research was divided into two phases (namely, A and B) and included the participation of 43 athletes and 9 coaches from major sports entities that develop judo in the state. In phase A, nine coaches answered a semi-structured interview based on 10 factors for sporting success. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method (LEFÈVRE; LEFÈVRE, 2003). In phase B, the 43 athletes answered a standardized questionnaire on the quality of detection and selection of sporting talent proposed by Rütten and Ziemainz (2005). The results of phase A showed that sports practice entities are responsible for developing athletes for elite sport. However, coaches pointed out that there is no efficient interaction among entities in judo with sport management entities and that there is no national system for identifying and developing Brazilian judo talents. Concerning the results of phase B, athletes rated as positive the support of parents and consider that conquering trust is fundamentally important in detection and selection of sporting talents. On the other hand, they rated as negative the political support, the material resources, the role of the school, and the low number of detected and selected athletes. Regarding the talents promotion, athletes rated as positive the quality of training and coaches, the support of parents and the existence of a good competition system. Athletes rated as negative the political and economic support, and the contribution of school to the promotion of talents. According to the obtained results, judokas are developed by each sports practice entity, relying on the support of parents and on the quality of training and coaches, without any effective participation of sport management organizations, since there is no favorable interaction among sport development entities, there is no national system for identifying and developing talents as well as sport is not used in schools for training athletes

Our nation is experiencing a demographic shift. The proportion of racial minorities will significantly increase during the next several decades. Institutions of higher education will have to navigate issues of multiculturalism on campus. Issues of diversity, equity and inclusion are, and continue to be, significant matters for colleges and universities. A significant for the higher education community is who will be responsible for the oversight of diversity and furthering diversity goals at institutions of higher education. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the emergence of the chief diversity office, present day conceptions of diversity and the association of organizational structure and efficacy of the office. This study utilized a multisite case study design and narrative analysis to illuminate our understanding of chief diversity offices at research-intensive universities. The findings illuminated the distinct histories of diversity pertaining to campus climate at each institution that prompted the initiation of the chief diversity office. Key institutional players and the state and local context were influential in the formation of the offices at these schools. The study highlighted the present-day broad and all-encompassing conceptions of diversity at the institutions in the study. Findings also revealed the notion that organizational structure and positioning were significant matters for chief diversity offices. The findings of this study advance our understanding of how CDO offices emerge. Higher education professionals, leaders and administrators can utilize the results to make better-informed decisions about the formation and structure of diversity offices.

With the emergence of New Public Management in the 1980s, Western public sectors saw a gradual shift in logics of work control from professionalism to managerialism. For public sector organizations to attain legitimacy in this new climate, their organizational structures have been aligned according to extant societal expectations of managerialist efficiency. In addition to structure, organizations are also asked to have an organizational image that appeals to the same societal expectations if legitimacy is to be achieved. The pursuit of legitimacy is an aspect that connects image and structure but this has been neglected in previous research. Against this, the purpose of the present thesis is to explore whether and how changes in organizational image covariate positively with shifts in organizational structure. In order to investigate this, an organizational discourse analysis has been conducted on a sample of Swedish hospitals’ webpages in 2005 and 2013 as a way to learn more about the distribution of professionalism and managerialism in these entities’ images. The results indicate that the two logics of work control have increased between the studied years but managerialism displays a slightly bigger growth. Nevertheless, a blend of professionalism and managerialism is what is most apparent in the organizational images of the sampled hospitals in both 2005 and 2013. While previous literature has argued that organizational structures have shifted decisively towards managerialism, this thesis indicates that the change has been more nuanced when it comes to organizational images.

Wildlife reintroduction programs are a type of conservation initiative meant to preserve biodiversity through the restoration of damaged areas and the reintroduction of extirpated species. Unfortunately, such reintroductions have a history of limited success, ad hoc procedures, and little focus on hypothetico-deductive design. This study sought to identify some of the trends in the leadership, management, and structure of wildlife reintroduction programs through the use of a case study and survey. The survey was distributed to reintroduction practitioners and biologists worldwide in an attempt to identify patterns of organizational behavior within the field. Some general trends indicated that most reintroductions had active and monitoring phases of 4 or more years (59% and 75% of respondents respectively), adhered closely to World Conservation Union (IUCN) Reintroduction Guidelines (43% of respondents), had a somewhat hierarchical structure (50% of respondents), held annual long-term goal-setting meetings (56%), observed annual employee evaluations (63%), and underwent project evaluations annually, using both internal (74%) and external (39%) evaluative instruments. Opinion questions regarding the ultimate performance of the project indicated that although 75% of researchers felt that their project had made good progress, only 63% said that a formal evaluation had confirmed this statement.

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¡@¡@In the dynamic knowledge-oriented age, organizations need continuously develop existing capabilities and new capabilities to adapt changeable environment and maintain their competitive competence. Not trying to make all staff learn all things, organizations need knowledge integration to coordinate knowledge held in different individuals. Specified knowledge in separate individuals could be integrated into organizational capabilities, the basis of competitive competence, through designing of appropriate organizational structure, authority, communication, decisions making and mechanism. ¡@¡@Because of the business environment full of Internet and Web, IT capability has become a critical factor in building potential competitive competence. ¡@¡@In the view of Knowledge-Based Theory of Firm and Hyper-Text Organization, this research emphasizes the coordination of organizational structure and knowledge management. Applying organizational structure and different integration mechanisms collected from related literature, exam the relation between the factors of knowledge integration and core capability of MIS department. Try to achieve efficient knowledge creation, utility and transfer through the discussion. ¡@¡@An empirical survey methodology is applied to test the research model and hypotheses proposed in this study. Six out of seven hypotheses are validated in our research model with Path Analysis. The research result reveals that knowledge integration has significant impact on MIS department capability. Organizational structure design, including business structure design, project structure design and knowledge codification, has critical contribution to knowledge integration.

This study analyzes the current situation women&rsquo / s NGOs in Ankara in terms of the organizational structure and networks. A total of 28 interviews were realized with active women&rsquo / s NGOs located in Ankara on identification of not only organizational structure such as age, type, focus, target group, ICT infrastructure but also communication and collaboration pattern. Both descriptive analysis and network analysis were performed. The main concern is whether women&rsquo / s NGOs collaborate with each other? Results demonstrate that women&rsquo / s NGOs in Ankara mostly use informal linkages based on friendship but do not work with each other in the same projects or campaign. Main reasons behind reluctance to collaborate with the women&rsquo / s NGOs are loss of autonomy, performing the same activities, lack of trust, and ideological differences.