A recent and minimally researched model of leadership centred in the role of the steward offers potential for a focused and expedient model for leadership of Christian nonprofit organizations. The purpose of this research is to add knowledge to nonprofit leadership by defining the primary characteristics of leadership that is focused around the role of the steward. It will secondarily describe the extent of awareness and implementation of steward leader characteristics among leaders of Christian nonprofit organizations. This study researches the characteristics of the steward leader through two major phases. The first phase of research involves the exegetical study of the history and characteristics of the historical steward as revealed in the ancient documents of the classical Greco-Roman and biblical steward. This study results in the development of a preliminary typology of historic steward leader characteristics. Phase two refines the characteristics of the steward leader by conducting field research using survey and in-depth interviews with contemporary leaders of Christian nonprofit organizations. The preliminary characteristics of the steward leader derived in phase one were presented to contemporary Christian nonprofit leaders through a quantitative survey to confirm a typology of contemporary steward leader characteristics and to pre-qualify participants for in-depth interviews. The survey also functioned to assess the extent to which leaders formulated their leadership role through such characteristics. Ten participants were chosen for in-depth qualitative interviews from the survey participants who self-identified their personal leadership style as steward leadership. The interviews engaged the leaders more deeply in the subject, sought to elicit their understanding, perceptions, and attitudes about steward leadership, and further refined a typology of steward leader characteristics. The research confirms that a primary typology of distinctive leadership characteristics exists among senior leaders of Christian nonprofit organizations who visualize and demonstrate their role as stewards.

Within the Canadian government, studies associated with staffing the federal public service have been endemic for over a century. Despite this, concerns about lack of change and dissatisfaction with staffing (too slow, too complex) remain hallmarks. The Public Service Modernization Act (PSMA) was introduced in 2003 as a means to bring about transformative change and yet, following a nearly two year study, the PSMA Review Report (2011) found that virtually no one was satisfied with changes in key aspects of the human resource and staffing regime. A strong desire for change was noted as existing, however, a diluted sense of ownership and powerlessness to change were also noted, even among the most powerful federal communities – deputy ministers, executives, and central agencies. As Canada’s largest employer, with an annual payroll that has been estimated at $22 billion and, with another era of potential change launched with the Public Service Commission’s 2016 introduction of New Directions in Staffing, federal staffing can be viewed as both timely and warranting academic examination. This dissertation combines the strengths of institutional change literature from political science, sociology and economics to examine the institution of federal staffing in the core public administration. It focuses on an extended period of time in order to identify if any substantive changes have occurred despite popular views of negligible change and to examine why change may not have occurred to advance toward the long expressed goal of simplified, efficient staffing of highly qualified (meritorious) public servants. This mixed methods case study uses documentary, archival, and qualitative and quantitative secondary source material as well as input from 49 semi-structured interviews with a variety of Canadian federal managerial and human resource representatives. It identifies and addresses issues that have only at times been identified and, others not typically detailed in government reports, particularly those associated with culture and path dependent history. Issues examined include power relations and key narratives as well as evolving ideas and logics of appropriateness that shape behaviour, some of which continue to exert pressure on current organizational and institutional choices despite having been in existence for, in some cases, 50 or 100 years. Some ideas for change are offered but this study suggests without attention to long-standing and systemic issues only highly incremental change should be expected.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2009. / Prepared for: School of Social Work. Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Bibliography: leaves 176-193.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Flinders University, School of Political and International Studies. / Typescript (bound). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 334-359). Also available online.

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncia da Computa??o (ppgcc@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T17:04:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME_KRZISCH_DIS.pdf: 606848 bytes, checksum: f8d3a7e68f584d669f7ed6ce35819791 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-06T14:52:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME_KRZISCH_DIS.pdf: 606848 bytes, checksum: f8d3a7e68f584d669f7ed6ce35819791 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-06T15:03:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME_KRZISCH_DIS.pdf: 606848 bytes, checksum: f8d3a7e68f584d669f7ed6ce35819791 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-16 / Normas podem ser usadas em sistemas multi-agentes para controlar o comportamento de agentes aut?nomos. Uma entidade autoritativa pode aplicar san??es em agentes que n?o est?o seguindo as normas, com o objetivo de garantir que a sociedade se comporte de uma maneira desejada; isso requer a detec??o de viola??es de normas com um mecanismo de monitoramento. A maioria das abordagens existentes para garantir o cumprimento de normas assume que o sistema pode ser totalmente observ?vel; isso geralmente n?o ? poss?vel em ambientes reais. Nossa principal contribui??o para endere?ar esse problema ? a formaliza??o do problema de aloca??o de monitores em um sistema normativo multi-agente sob restri??es or?ament?rias. Mais especificamente, n?s consideramos um sistema contendo (1) um conjunto de monitores poss?veis que podem determinar o estado de por??es de um dom?nio; (2) custos para a aloca??o desses monitores; e (3) um conjunto de normas que, se violadas, resultam em uma san??o. N?s procuramos identificar a combina??o de monitores que maximiza a utilidade do sistema, comparando solu??es aproximadas para o problema que usam diferentes heur?sticas, e empiricamente demonstrando sua efici?ncia. / Norms can be used in multi-agent systems to regulate behavior of self-interested agents. An authoritative entity can apply sanctions to non-compliant agents in order to ensure society functions in some desirable way, which requires the detection of norm violations with some monitoring mechanism. The majority of existing approaches to norm enforcement assumes that the system is fully observable; this is often not possible in realistic environments. Our main contribution to address this issue is the formalization of the problem of monitor placement within a normative multi-agent system under budgetary constraints. More specifically we consider a system containing (1) a set of possible monitors able to determine the state of portions of the domain; (2) costs for deploying the monitors; and (3) a set of norms which, if violated, result in a sanction. We seek to identify which combination of monitors maximizes the system?s utility, evaluating approximate solutions using several heuristics, empirically demonstrating their efficiency.