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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desenvolvimento de m?todos construtivos e de novos materiais empregados na confec??o de cartuchos de pr?teses de membros inferiores

Queiroz, William Fernandes de 07 August 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WilliamFQ.pdf: 3530709 bytes, checksum: e7ebfa713499f96e35732090f0094f3f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-07 / The manufacture of prostheses for lower limb amputees (transfemural and transtibial) requires the preparation of a cartridge with appropriate and custom fit to the profile of each patient. The traditional process to the patients, mainly in public hospitals in Brazil, begins with the completion of a form where types of equipment, plugins, measures, levels of amputation etc. are identified. Currently, such work is carried out manually using a common metric tape and caliper of wood to take the measures of the stump, featuring a very rudimentary, and with a high degree of uncertainty geometry of the final product. To address this problem, it was necessary to act in two simultaneously and correlated directions. Originally, it was developed an integrated tool for viewing 3D CAD for transfemoral types of prostheses and transtibial called OrtoCAD I. At the same time, it was necessary to design and build a reader Mechanical equipment (sort of three-dimensional scanner simplified) able to obtain, automatically and with accuracy, the geometric information of either of the stump or the healthy leg. The methodology includes the application of concepts of reverse engineering to computationally generate the representation of the stump and/or the reverse image of the healthy member. The materials used in the manufacturing of prostheses nor always obey to a technical scientific criteria, because, if by one way it meets the criteria of resistance, by the other, it brings serious problems mainly due to excess of weight. This causes to the user various disorders due to lack of conformity. That problem was addressed with the creation of a hybrid composite material for the manufacture of cartridges of prostheses. Using the Reader Fitter and OrtoCAD, the new composite material, which aggregates the mechanical properties of strength and rigidity on important parameters such as low weight and low cost, it can be defined in its better way. Besides, it brings a reduction of up steps in the current processes of manufacturing or even the feasibility of using new processes, in the industries, in order to obtain the prostheses. In this sense, the hybridization of the composite with the combination of natural and synthetic fibers can be a viable solution to the challenges offered above / A fabrica??o de pr?teses para amputados de membros inferiores (transfemural e transtibial) exige a confec??o de um cartucho com encaixe adequado e personalizado ao perfil de cada paciente. O processo tradicional de atendimento a pacientes, principalmente, em hospitais p?blicos no Brasil, inicia-se com o preenchimento de uma ficha onde s?o identificados os n?veis de amputa??o, tipos de equipamentos, encaixes, medidas etc. Atualmente, esse trabalho ? realizado de forma manual utilizando-se fitas m?tricas comuns e paqu?metro de madeira para tomada das medidas do coto caracterizando um trabalho bastante rudimentar, e com um alto grau de incerteza geom?trica do produto final. Para abordar esse problema foi necess?rio partir em duas dire??es simult?neas e correlatas. Inicialmente desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta integrada CAD de visualiza??o 3D para pr?teses dos tipos transfemoral e a transtibial denominado OrtoCAD I. Ao mesmo tempo em que se fez necess?rio projetar e construir um equipamento Leitor Mec?nico (esp?cie de scanner tridimensional simplificado) capaz de obter, automaticamente e com acuracidade, as informa??es geom?tricas do coto ou da perna sadia. A metodologia inclui a aplica??o de conceitos de engenharia reversa para gerar computacionalmente a representa??o do coto e/ou a imagem reversa do membro sadio. Os materiais usados na fabrica??o dessas pr?teses nem sempre obedecem a um crit?rio t?cnico cientifico, pois se por um lado atende ao crit?rio de resist?ncia por outro traz s?rios problemas devido principalmente ao excesso de peso. Isso causa diversos transtornos ao usu?rio devido ? falta de conformidade. Esse problema foi abordado com a cria??o de um material comp?sito hibrido para fabrica??o de cartuchos de pr?teses. Com o uso do Leitor Mec?nico e do OrtoCAD I o novo material comp?sito, que agrega as propriedades mec?nicas de resist?ncia e rigidez com par?metros importantes como baixo peso e baixo custo, pode ser dimensionado de forma correta. Alem disso consegue-se uma redu??o de etapas nos atuais processos de fabrica??o ou at? mesmo a viabilidade de uso de novos processos, no ?mbito industrial, na obten??o das pr?teses. Neste sentido, a hibridiza??o do comp?sito com a combina??o entre fibras sint?ticas e naturais pode ser uma solu??o vi?vel aos desafios propostos acima

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