by To Siu Hang. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-92). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Declaration --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.vi / Abbreviations --- p.vii / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xii / Content --- p.xiv / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Osteosarcoma --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1. --- Incidence / Chapter 1.1.2. --- Age and Sex Distribution / Chapter 1.1.3. --- Clinical Features / Chapter 1.1.4. --- Treatment / Chapter 1.2. --- Adriamycin --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Drug Action / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Pharmacology / Chapter 1.3. --- Multidrug Resistance --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4. --- P-glycoprotein --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.1. --- Nature / Chapter 1.4.2. --- Tissue Distribution / Chapter 1.4.3. --- Relation with MDR / Chapter 1.5 --- Multidrug Resistance Protein --- p.16 / Chapter 1.6. --- Reactive Oxygen Species --- p.17 / Chapter 1.6.1. --- Problems Arising from ROS / Chapter 1.6.2. --- Oxidative Stress and Diseases / Chapter 1.6.3. --- Defense System / Chapter 1.6.4. --- Antioxidative Enzymes / Chapter 1.6.5. --- Relation with MDR / Chapter 1.7. --- Topoisomerase II --- p.22 / Chapter 1.8. --- Methods to Detect MDR --- p.24 / Chapter 1.8.1. --- P-glycoprotein Immunohistochemistry / Chapter 1.8.2. --- Adriamycin Binding Assay / Chapter 1.9. --- Aims of Study --- p.25 / Chapter 2. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1. --- Clinical Study --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Patients Recruitment / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Adriamycin Binding Assay / Chapter 2.1.3. --- P-glycoprotein Immunohistochemistry / Chapter 2.1.3.1. --- Sample and Control Preparation / Chapter 2.1.3.2. --- Immunohistochemical Procedure / Chapter 2.1.4. --- Tumour Necrosis Assessment / Chapter 2.2. --- Effect of Adriamycin on Osteosarcoma Cells --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Establishment of Adriamycin Adapted Osteosarcoma Cells / Chapter 2.2.1.1. --- Maintenance and Subculture of SaOS-2 Cell Line / Chapter 2.2.1.2. --- Storage of Cell Line / Chapter 2.2.1.3. --- Adriamycin Treatment / Chapter 2.2.2. --- KB-V1 Cell Culture / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Adriamycin Binding Assay / Chapter 2.2.4. --- P-glycoprotein Immunohistochemistry / Chapter 2.2.4.1. --- Sample and Control Preparation / Chapter 2.2.4.2. --- Immunohistochemical Procedures / Chapter 2.2.5. --- Thymidine Incorporation Assay / Chapter 2.2.5.1. --- Assay Procedures / Chapter 2.2.6. --- Catalase Assay / Chapter 2.2.6.1. --- Assay Procedures / Chapter 2.2.6.2. --- Unit Calculation / Chapter 2.2.7. --- Glutathione Peroxidase Assay / Chapter 2.2.7.1. --- Assay Procedures / Chapter 2.2.7.2. --- Unit Calculation / Chapter 2.2.8. --- Protein Determination / Chapter 2.3. --- Statistical Analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 3. --- RESULTS --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1. --- Clinical Study --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1.1. --- Patients Recruitment / Chapter 3.1.2. --- Correlation of Adriamycin Sensitivity to Tumour Necrosis / Chapter 3.1.3. --- Correlation of P-glycoprotein Expression to Tumour Necrosis / Chapter 3.1.4. --- Correlation of P-glycoprotein Expression to Adriamycin Sensitivity / Chapter 3.2. --- Effect of Adriamycin on Osteosarcoma Cells --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Adriamycin Sensitivity and P-glycoprotein Expression / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Thymidine Incorporation Rate / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Intracellular Concentration of Catalase / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Intracellular Concentration of Glutathione Peroxidase / Chapter 4. --- DISCUSSIONS --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1. --- Clinical Study --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1.1. --- Patients Recruitment / Chapter 4.1.2. --- Correlation between Adriamycin Sensitivity and Tumour Necrosis / Chapter 4.1.3. --- Correlation between P-glycoprotein Expression and Tumour Necrosis / Chapter 4.1.3.1. --- P-glycoprotein Is Induced During Chemotherapy / Chapter 4.1.3.2. --- P-glycoprotein Cannot Serve As a Prognostic Factor / Chapter 4.1.4. --- Correlation Between Adriamycin Sensitivity and P-glycoprotein Expression / Chapter 4.2. --- Effect of Adriamycin on Osteosarcoma Cells --- p.76 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Adriamycin Sensitivity and P-glycoprotein Expression / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Proliferation Rate / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Antioxidative Enzymes Activities / Chapter 5. --- CONCLUSION --- p.82 / Chapter 6. --- FURTHER STUDY --- p.83 / Chapter 7. --- BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.84 / Chapter 8. --- APPENDIX - SOLUTIONS PREPARATION --- p.93