Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-82). Also available in print.

In the midst of the tense immigration debates taking place in the United States, the authors share insights from a number of sermons preached by first-generation Hispanic immigrants as part of a preaching peer-group. The preachers delivered these messages in a church that was providing protective sanctuary for an undocumented immigrant who was a member of the peer-group. The sermons were developed and delivered for an imaginary audience of either Hispanic immigrants or native-born Anglo-Americans and offer prophetic words of both comfort and judgment.

The aim of the study is to do qualitative research with the help of phenomenological strategy on the effect of cell phone use on the peer group relationships of early adolescents within the framework of the systems theory. The population existed of early adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years old in grades 8 and 9. Information was initially obtained through a written assignment where by the early adolescents described their cell phone use and their relationships with their peers. Thereafter three focus group discussions were held to obtain data saturation. Data was then thematically analysed and five themes with categories were identified. Findings and deductions were made regarding the cell phone as communication medium and the importance of the cell phone for the early adolescent, as well as with regard to the effect the cell phone may have on peer group relations. Lastly it is indicated that the cell phone can also be employed as a instrument of recreation within the context of the cell phone and peer group relations. It is concluded that cell phone use has an effect on peer group relations. Early adolescents find a real opportunity to exercise their social skills with their peer group through the cell phone as medium. Regarding this research done with these specific early adolescents, the study concludes that the cell phone has a positive influence on peer group relations as it creates a feeling of “belonging” amongst them. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The aim of the study is to do qualitative research with the help of phenomenological strategy on the effect of cell phone use on the peer group relationships of early adolescents within the framework of the systems theory. The population existed of early adolescents aged between 13 and 15 years old in grades 8 and 9. Information was initially obtained through a written assignment where by the early adolescents described their cell phone use and their relationships with their peers. Thereafter three focus group discussions were held to obtain data saturation. Data was then thematically analysed and five themes with categories were identified. Findings and deductions were made regarding the cell phone as communication medium and the importance of the cell phone for the early adolescent, as well as with regard to the effect the cell phone may have on peer group relations. Lastly it is indicated that the cell phone can also be employed as a instrument of recreation within the context of the cell phone and peer group relations. It is concluded that cell phone use has an effect on peer group relations. Early adolescents find a real opportunity to exercise their social skills with their peer group through the cell phone as medium. Regarding this research done with these specific early adolescents, the study concludes that the cell phone has a positive influence on peer group relations as it creates a feeling of “belonging” amongst them. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Wong Hing-yan, Esther. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 264-278 (2nd gp.)). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.I / Contents --- p.III / List of Tables --- p.VIII / List of Figures --- p.X / List of abbreviations --- p.XI / Abstract --- p.XII / Chapter 1 --- Introduction and Study Hypothesis --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction and Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Study Aim and Hypothesis --- p.2 / Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of Breastfeeding --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Definition of the Exclusive Breastfeeding --- p.5 / Chapter 2.3 --- Benefits of Breastfeeding --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4 --- Current Status of Breastfeeding Globally and in Hong Kong --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Breastfeeding Globally --- p.10 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Statistics on Global BF Practice --- p.11 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Breastfeeding in Hong Kong --- p.15 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Summary and Conclusions --- p.21 / Chapter 2.5 --- Factors Infuencing Breastfeeding --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Social Demographic Factors --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Psychosocial Factors --- p.31 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Health Services Related Factors --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Cultural Practices --- p.51 / Chapter 2.5.5 --- Summary and Conclusions --- p.62 / Chapter 2.6 --- Strategies to Promote Breastfeeding --- p.62 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Breastfeeding Policy Recommendations --- p.63 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative --- p.66 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes --- p.69 / Chapter 2.6.4 --- Breastfeeding Consultant Programmes --- p.72 / Chapter 2.6.5 --- Breastfeeding Peer Counsellor Programmes --- p.73 / Chapter 2.7 --- Peer Counsellor Programmes --- p.75 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Adult Learning Model --- p.76 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Learning Breastfeeding --- p.77 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Peer Counselling on Learning Breastfeeding --- p.79 / Chapter 2.7.4 --- Historical Review of Peer Counselling Programmes --- p.81 / Chapter 2.7.5 --- Peer Counselling Programmes in Other Countries --- p.82 / Chapter 2.7.6 --- Peer Counselling Programme in Hong Kong --- p.91 / Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.95 / Chapter 3.1 --- Sampling --- p.95 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Study Population --- p.95 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Sample Sources --- p.95 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Inclusion / Exclusion Criteria --- p.95 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Sample Size Determination --- p.96 / Chapter 3.2 --- Study Design --- p.97 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Ward Allocation --- p.97 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Peer Counsellor --- p.97 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Sampling Method --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3 --- Subject Recruitment --- p.101 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Pilot Study --- p.101 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Recruitment --- p.103 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Recruitment Interview --- p.107 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Follow-up Interviews --- p.107 / Chapter 3.4 --- Data Collection --- p.108 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Recruitment Data Collection --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Follow-up Data Collection --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Final Evaluation --- p.112 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Data Collection on Termination of Breastfeeding --- p.112 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Evaluation from Peer Counsellors --- p.114 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Tools / Questionnaire Design and Its Validity --- p.115 / Chapter 3.4.7 --- Content of the Study Booklet --- p.116 / Chapter 3.4.8 --- Data Validity --- p.123 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data Entry & Analyses --- p.123 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Data Entry --- p.123 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Data Analyses --- p.123 / Chapter 4 --- Results --- p.127 / Chapter 4.1 --- Overview --- p.127 / Chapter 4.2 --- Sample Characteristics and Demographic Background --- p.127 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Subject Profile --- p.127 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Sample Characteristics --- p.131 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Sample Characteristics Compared with HK Census Information --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3 --- Main study Findings --- p.138 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Infant Feeding Categories at Follow-Ups --- p.138 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- BF duration --- p.140 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- BF exclusivity --- p.144 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Relationship between BF Duration and BF Exclusivity --- p.155 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Reasons for Giving Formula Supplement to BF Infants --- p.158 / Chapter 4.3.6 --- Termination of BF --- p.162 / Chapter 4.4 --- Subsidiary Results --- p.169 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Overview --- p.169 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Rationale for Regrouping Study Mothers --- p.169 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- "Characteristics Differences of Mothers from the ""Short-term Breastfeeders"" Group and Mothers from the ""Long-term Breastfeeders"" Group""" --- p.171 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- "Characteristics Differences between ""Short-term Breastfeeders"" and ""Prolonged Breastfeeders""" --- p.176 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Analysis and BF Duration --- p.181 / Chapter 4.4.6 --- BF Duration and Working Mothers --- p.184 / Chapter 4.4.7 --- Formula Advertisement and BF --- p.187 / Chapter 4.4.8 --- Knowledge of BF --- p.189 / Chapter 4.5 --- Evaluation of Breastfeeding Experience --- p.193 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Mothers' Evaluation of the Overall BF Experience --- p.194 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Mothers' Evaluation of PC Support Intervention --- p.196 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Peer Counsellors' Consultation Log Sheets --- p.198 / Chapter 4.5.4 --- Peer Counselors' Evaluation --- p.199 / Chapter 5 --- Discussion --- p.204 / Chapter 5. 1 --- Main Result Interpretation --- p.204 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- BF Duration --- p.204 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- BF Exclusivity --- p.205 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- BF Duration and BF Exclusivity --- p.210 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Possible Explanations of the Study Results --- p.210 / Chapter 5.1.5 --- Similarities between Mclnnes' Peer Counseling Study and the Present Study --- p.213 / Chapter 5.2 --- Study Limitations --- p.216 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Study Sample --- p.216 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Data Validity and Recall Bias --- p.219 / Chapter 5.3 --- Common Reasons for Termination --- p.220 / Chapter 5.4 --- Implications of the Study Result and Future Direction --- p.221 / Chapter 5.5 --- Subsidiary Result Interpretation --- p.227 / Chapter 5.5.1 --- Factors that Have Positive Influences on BF --- p.228 / Chapter 5.5.2 --- Factors that Have No Particular Influences on BF --- p.243 / Chapter 5.5.3 --- Factors that Have Negative Influences on BF --- p.246 / Chapter 5.5.4 --- Future Directions --- p.261 / Conclusion --- p.262 / References --- p.264 / Appendices --- p.279

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Zugl.: Osnabrück, Univ., Diss., 2005