Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1915. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-109).

abstract: Chloroform (CHCl3) is an important atmospheric pollutant by its direct health effects as well as by its contribution to photochemical smog formation. Chloroform outgassing from swimming pools is not typically considered a source of atmospheric CHCl3 because swimming pools are scarce compared to other sources. However, large urban areas in hot climates such as Phoenix, AZ contain a substantial amount of swimming pools, potentially resulting in significant atmospheric fluxes. In this study, CHCl3 formation potential (FP) from disinfection of swimming pools in Phoenix was investigated through laboratory experiments and annual CHCl3 emission fluxes from swimming pools were estimated based on the experimental data. Swimming pool water (collected in June 2014 in Phoenix) and model contaminants (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs), Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), artificial sweeteners, and artificial human waste products) were chlorinated in controlled laboratory experiments. The CHCl3 production during chlorination was determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) following solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Upon chlorination, all swimming pool water samples and contaminants produced measureable amounts of chloroform. Chlorination of swimming pool water produced 0.005-0.134 mol CHCl3/mol C and 0.004-0.062 mol CHCl3/mol Cl2 consumed. Chlorination of model contaminants produced 0.004-0.323 mol CHCl3/mol C and 0.001-0.247 mol CHCl3/mol Cl2 consumed. These numbers are comparable and indicate that the model contaminants react similarly to swimming pool water during chlorination. The CHCl3 flux from swimming pools in Phoenix was estimated at approximately 3.9-4.3 Gg/yr and was found to be largely dependent on water temperature and wind speed while air temperature had little effect. This preliminary estimate is orders of magnitude larger than previous estimates of anthropogenic emissions in Phoenix suggesting that swimming pools might be a significant source of atmospheric CHCl3 locally. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Chemistry 2014

abstract: The subject of bilingual language use in the southwestern United States has been widely researched. However research pertaining to the Phoenix Metropolitan area is lacking. Studies have shown that language choice is governed by linguistic as well as social constraints (Gumperz, 1977; Poplack 1980; 1981). This study examined and compared the code-switching behaviors of two communities in the southwestern United States: Antonito, Colorado and the Phoenix Metropolitan area in Arizona. The study explored the social and linguistic factors that are said to govern code-switching behaviors such as the type of switches made (intra-sentential or single lexical switches), the position in the utterance where the switch occurs (final or other), the direction of the switch (an utterance beginning in English and ending in Spanish, or beginning in Spanish and ending in English), the gender and level of education of the participants (college or above; high school or below), the ethnicity of the interviewer (Anglo or Hispanic), as well as which of the aforementioned social and linguistic factors most favored intra-sentential switches. The study used corpus data, with four participants from each community for a total of eight interviews. Participants from each corpus were selected to control for gender, the highest level of education achieved and the ethnicity of the interviewer. The study found that in the corpora looked at, linguistic factors such as position of the switch and direction of the switch affected intra-sentential switches more than social factors, although in terms of frequencies within individual factor groups, social factors such as the ethnicity of the interviewer, and the participant's level of education were found to be significant in affecting code-switching behavior. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. Spanish 2013

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Linguagens funcionais se destacam pelo seu alto poder de expressão e abstração, promovido por construções de alto nível como polimorfismo paramétrico, funções de alto nível e aplicações parciais. Embora estes recursos sejam bastante úteis, tradicionalmente, linguagens funcionais têm sido pouco empregadas fora do ambiente acadêmico. Esta situação é em parte explicada pela ausência de uma infra-estrutura de desenvolvimento que forneça ferramentas e APIs capazes de aumentar a produtividade e permita o uso das mais recentes tecnologias. Uma alternativa para fornecer esta infra-estrutura é integrar linguagens funcionais a plataformas que disponibilizem tais facilidades, como a .NET. Embora a plataforma .NET tenha sido projetada de forma a suportar múltiplas linguagens, seu foco foi dado ao suporte dos paradigmas imperativo e orientado a objeto, carecendo de estruturas que permitam um mapeamento direto de linguagens funcionais. Objetivando estudar novas técnicas de mapeamento de estruturas funcionais na plataforma .NET, neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um compilador funcional que gera código .NET, utilizando o framework Phoenix. O uso do framework Phoenix além de auxiliar na geração inicial do código permitiu que análises e otimizações fossem feitas, posteriormente, melhorando o desempenho dos programas gerados

The feasibility of intercity helicopter service has been demonstrated at several locations in North America. To study the feasibility of a helicopter service in the Phoenix-Tucson corridor, the travel time and cost characteristics of a proposed helicopter service were compared to the characteristics of existing travel modes in the corridor. Helicopter service travel times were developed using current helicopter performance data and an assumption that heliports would be located in the central business districts of each city. Helicopter service travel cost (fare) was developed using the break-even analysis relating operating cost to demand revenue. From the comparative analysis, significant travel time savings would result with a helicopter service if demand exists between the heliport locations and heliport access times are negligible. However, any travel time savings were offset by significant higher travel costs for the helicopter service when compared with the travel costs of existing modes.

On August 31, 1992, Quality Printing Circuits, a circuit board manufacturing plant in Phoenix, Arizona, burned to the ground. The fire lasted approximately eight hours, creating a thick, black smoke that blew into the surrounding community. Emergency evacuation was erratic and since no air samples were taken during the fire, community exposure levels were unknown. Immediately afterwards, residents reported health problems but government studies on the community were unable to link reported health problems and the fire. Eight months after the fire, a local advocacy group performed a health study on the community. The 690 people surveyed reported symptoms such as asthma, blurred vision, vomiting, hair loss, rashes, and extremity numbness. The survey was never analyzed and the case was closed. Community members continued to report health problems and five years after the fire, the US Environmental Protection Agency reopened the case. They performed two sampling studies but results found that chemical levels were below allowable exposure levels. This thesis contains three chapters that investigate the political, health, and scientific issues related to the QPC fire. The scientific chapter uses the EPA's ISCST3 dispersion model and a mixed-box model, to approximate community exposure concentrations and compare them to allowable human exposure levels. Results of the ISCST3 model show that four (hydrogen chloride, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Acrolein, and naphthalene) of the twenty chemicals modeled were above government allowable concentrations. Inhalation exposure to these chemicals causes similar symptoms as those reported by residents. The health-focused chapter characterized health symptoms reported in the 1993 health survey. Results found that symptoms experienced by residents were similar to those documented in other studies of exposure to chemical smoke. The study also found that residents living closest to QPC reported a greater number of symptoms than residents living further away. The political chapter analyzed the debate as to whether QPC officials and government agencies took the steps needed to protect the exposed community during and after the QPC fire. What became evident was that a significant conflict existed between the interests of residents involved in the QPC fire and the government agencies responsible for protecting them. / Graduation date: 2004

No description available.

No description available.

The period between the nineteen fifties and the seventies in South Africa witnessed the emergence of a central state housing policy incorporating large scale mass housing for Black people in delineated Group Areas based on segregated racial zoning policies originally initiated in Durban. During this period the local state in Durban began to exercise the responsibility assigned to it since 1920 by providing the previously neglected housing for Coloureds and Indians. As a case-study detailing the origins of the Indian township of Phoenix this study explores how power is exercised at the local level. It focuses on local representation and accounts for the growth in bureaucratic power and subsequent decline of the City Council regarding matters of housing in Durban. The study argues that in order to conceptualise the 'local state' and its 'relative autonomy' from the central state it is necessary to analyse local social relations. As such the study focusses on the power relations existing between the City Council and the bureaucracy; the City Council and the Indian community; and the bureaucracy and The Natal Estates Ltd. Data have been drawn from primary sources including municipal records and oral interviews, and from secondary sources which have provided the historical context for the study. The relationship between the City Council and the bureaucracy has been found to have been dominated not only by the technical expertise and resources of the bureaucracy, but also by the intervention of powerful personalities holding senior positions within the bureaucracy. Both the City Council and the bureaucracy proved to have been instrumental in ensuring that opposing demands from the various sectors of the Indian community did not interfere with their plans for housing at Phoenix. In the same manner, the bureaucracy's determination to maintain control over housing and ensure the reproduction of urban labour power led to the cooperation of the local, regional and central state levels, which forced Natal Estates into protracted land negotiations where the Company was finally pressurised into selling under threat of central state expropriation. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1987.

The broad theme of this investigation is Human Resource Management (HRM) in education. It has been widely publicised both in the media and other areas that the salary bill for state paid educators represents the major area of expenditure. More than ninety percent of the education budget in the KwaZulu Natal Department of Education and Culture is spent on the salary bill. It therefore becomes necessary to ensure that newly appointed educators and those appointed into promotion posts who are earning these salaries do justice in their jobs and produce the goods. School management teams have to ensure that these newcomers settle into their new jobs as quickly and effectively as possible. A newcomer into the teaching profession will have to cope with increasingly complex situations such as heterogeneous pupil population, teacher rationalisation, new curricula, teacher redeployment and increased pupil/teacher ratios. It is therefore important that educators, who are the most expensive asset in the school, are managed effectively. The first few days on the plant is considered to be important in any profession, as this will determine whether the employee will continue to provide his/her service or resign. With education as well, the induction of educators has to be managed by the school as quickly as possible to enable and to empower the inductee in becoming an effective educator. While some aspects of induction and mentoring are instituted in an informal way at the school under investigation, many other areas are sorely neglected. The p management of people in South African schools is circumscribed through legislation J* and regulation. The professional development of educators therefore rests with management and must be in line with legislation prescribed in government gazettes. However not much attention is being given to induction and mentoring programmes which focus on utilising and empowering the human capital (staff members) at the school. The challenge for school level management is to come to terms with what it means to manage the performance and productivity of people in ways, which meets the aspirations of the people and the needs of the organisation. This project has attempted to investigate the management of induction and mentoring at a school in Phoenix, north of Durban. It has been found that no formal programmes p on induction and mentoring exist at the school. It is therefore recommended that management together with, and in consultation with staff members, draw up and implement a policy on induction and mentoring. This will ensure that with guidance and training (induction and mentoring), new human resources will be best utilised to suit the needs of the school. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.