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Gamma radiation from the inelastic scattering of neutrons in C12 and O16 has been observed by Thompson and Risser using 14 MEV neutrons. Battat and Graves have measured the cross section for the production of 4.43 MEV gamma radiation from inelastic scattering of 14 MEV neutrons in C12 using a three crystal spectrometer. Day has measured the cross section for the production of gamma radiation from C12 using 6.58 MEV neutrons, from O16 using 7.06 MEV neutrons, and from N14 using 3.95 MEV neutrons. The purpose of the present experiment was to measure the cross section for the production of gamma radiation from C12, N14, and O16 as a function of neutron energy from threshold to a neutron energy of 10 MEV for C12 and O16, and to 8 MEV for N14. Since narrow resonances have been observed in the cross section for neutron scattering in this energy range, neutrons with a relatively small spread in energy are needed to obtain the true excitation curve.

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The present work is confined to the investigation of the neutrons emitted in the reaction (4) and the gamma-rays accompanying the reaction (1) and (4). It was believed that these would give the most interesting and valuable results, and time did not permit detailed study of all the reactions. Using Mattauch's (M3) values of the masses, the excitation energy of the compound nucleus B11* is calculated to be 15.62 Mev (excluding the bombarding energy). Such a high excitation should, theoretically, give very broad resonances, perhaps undetectable. In addition to the predicted increase in density of levels (which holds strictly only for the heavier elements), one might expect a decrease in the lifetime of the compound nucleus with increasing excitation energy. Since the half-width Delta'E of a resonance is determined by the mean life Deltat of the compound nucleus according to the equation DeltaE · Deltat = h, a short lifetime gives resonances which are broad. Sharp resonances then indicate forbidden transitions and provide information about the quantum states of the excited levels. By analogy to deuteron disintegrations of carbon and lithium, it was expected that resonances in the yield curves of beryllium might be found.

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