This thesis contributes to the understanding of the stagecraft and composition of Athenian tragedy through a re-evaluation of its component elements within the structure. I undertake a re-interpretation of the Aristotelian terms for 'plot', which allows for a more nuanced examination of events occurring within a tragedy. As Aristotle notes, the systasis of pragmata is the structure of events that forms a tragedy. The muthos is the way in which these events are presented and includes the actions and words of the dramatis personae. Pragmata are constituent elements of both the systasis and muthos. This thesis identifies and evaluates the pragma’s effects upon the movement of the systasis, its contribution to the enrichment of the muthos and its influence on audience engagement with a performance through both enacted and non-enacted forms. My approach involves a rigorous examination of the elements common to an enacted pragma, before identifying the variations therein. While a pragma involves all actions which serve the same general function, every instance of a pragma is unique. Each chapter in turn focuses on a particular pragma, before examining the role of that pragma within an entire tragedy. Enactments of each pragma in extant tragedy are tabled in appendices. The pragma of return home is examined within Andromache; recognition in Sophocles' Elektra; supplication in Hekabe; and reporting in Women of Trachis. This analysis demonstrates the dynamic role and versatility of different types of pragma within a tragedy, and the playwright's ingenuity as demonstrated by his deployment of this element. No single approach or methodology can by itself fully interpret an Athenian tragedy, but a focus on a particular pragma illuminates different themes and emphases and ultimately provides us with a better understanding of a tragedy.

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In this study, large scale rainfall simulation was used to evaluate runoff generation from canopy and intercanopy areas within an ashe juniper woodland of the Edwards Plateau. One 3 x 12 m site was established beneath the canopy of mature ashe juniper trees and two sites were established in intercanopy areas. At the base of each plot a trench was constructed for capturing and monitoring shallow subsurface flow. Rainfall simulations on the juniper site produced little surface runoff even though rainfall intensity exceeded 145mm/hour on some occasions. A total of 82.6% of the water applied to the juniper dominated site was accounted for as shallow subsurface flow. The dynamic nature of shallow subsurface flow indicate this process is driven chiefly by macropore flow. On the intercanopy site, 12.67% of the water left the site as surface runoff and ≤3% left as shallow subsurface flow. Large root channels and conduits, which were not present on the intercanopy site, within the soil may promote shallow subsurface flow beneath the juniper canopy. This study is the first to document and suggest shallow subsurface flow occurs on Texas rangelands. The results of this experiment indicate shallow subsurface flow is an important mode of runoff generation on the Edwards Plateau.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1975. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Roy Edward Bruns / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T12:52:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Borges_CleberNogueira_D.pdf: 1328148 bytes, checksum: ba185b4a95590eaf4f5554aed4c37d81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / esumo: Neste trabalho é apresentado o planejamento estatístico split-plot onde as unidades main-plots e sub-plots são planejamentos de misturas químicas. Main-plots e sub-plots são definidos de acordo com a estrutura simplex-centróide. O planejamento foi aplicado para a otimização simultânea de solventes extratores e fases móveis utilizados na separação cromatográfica de compostos químicos de plantas. O interesse foi determinar os melhores valores das respostas (maiores números de picos) em função dos extratores e fases móveis. A vantagem da blocagem dos experimentos segundo a estrutura split-plot é a conveniência por minimizar (ou facilitar) o trabalho experimental ou reduzir resíduos químicos ou ambos. A desvantagem é que o tratamento estatístico de tal sistema se torna mais complexo que os planejamentos com esquemas aleatórios. Gráficos normais foram utilizados para a escolha de modelos e assim, evitando a realização de replicatas dos experimentos / Abstract: A split-plot statistical design is proposed for which the main-plots and sub-plots are both chemical mixture designs. Main-plots and sub-plots are investigated using the simplex-centroid design. The composite mixture-mixture design was applied to the simultaneous optimization of extractor solvents and mobile phases used in the chromatographic separation of chemical compounds from plant materials. The main goal was to determine the best response values, largest number of peaks, as a function of the extractor and mobiles phase components. The advantages of using blocked experiments following the split-plot structure is to minimize (or facilitate) the experimental work as well as reduce the chemical residuals that must be discarded or both. The drawback is that the statistical treatment of the system becomes more complex than designs with random schemes. Normals graphs were utilized for choosing models so, the realization of replicate experiments could be avoided. / Doutorado / Quimica Analitica / Doutor em Ciências

The overall objective of this research consists of two main parts: (1) provide evidence that autocrine production of IGF-I modulates tight junction permeability and (2) demonstrate the ability of IGFBPs to regulate IGF-I delivery across cell layers. To meet the first objective, parental and IGF-I secreting bovine mammary epithelial cells were tested for cell layer permeability, tight and adherens junction proteins, IGF-IR, and a downstream signaling components of IGF-IR. In comparison with parental cells, IGF-I secreting cells had high levels of IGF-IRs, but low levels of the junction components E-cadherin, b-catenin, and occludin. The differences in parental and IGF-I secreting cells was not due to extracellular stimuli since inclusion of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, or co-culture with SV40-IGF-I cells did not alter the barrier properties of parental cells, suggesting that intracrine signaling may alter cell connectivity. The second objective focused on exogenous rather than endogenous IGF-I and the role of IGFBPs and IGF-IRs in ligand transcytosis. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) cultured on surfaces optimized to minimize paracellular transport were utilized to investigate the kinetics involved in the transport of insulin-like growth factor-I from the apical side of confluent monolayers to the basolateral side. Binding competitors were used to determine the role of the cell surface insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and cell surface insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in this transport process. Although IGFBPs initially retard delivery of IGF-I, using a computation model, this report shows that pulse durations of less than 6 hrs resulted in enhanced delivery of IGF-I in the presence of IGFBPs, above that for delivery in the absence of IGFBPs. In addition, the model was utilized to identify key parameters to target when developing engineered growth factors for the treatment of diseases. It is shown that the sorting factions and internalization rates are reasonable targets for the design of engineered growth factors. Since the sorting fractions are dictated by binding affinities in the acidic environment of the endosomes, it may be beneficial to design and analog of IGF-I that is more resistant to changes in pH, similar to those develop from epidermal growth factor. / Ph. D.

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Aspekten und Anwendungen von Recurrence Plots. Nach einer Übersicht über Methoden, die auf Recurrence Plots basieren, werden neue Komplexitätsmaße eingeführt, die geometrische Strukturen in den Recurrence Plots beschreiben. Diese neuen Maße erlauben die Identifikation von Chaos-Chaos-Übergängen in dynamischen Prozessen. In einem weiteren Schritt werden Cross Recurrence Plots eingeführt, mit denen zwei verschiedene Prozesse untersucht werden. Diese bivariate Analyse ermöglicht die Bewertung von Unterschieden zwischen zwei Prozessen oder das Anpassen der Zeitskalen von zwei Zeitreihen. Diese Technik kann auch genutzt werden, um ähnliche Abschnitte in zwei verschiedenen Datenreihen zu finden. Im Anschluß werden diese neuen Entwicklungen auf Daten verschiedener Art angewendet. Methoden, die auf Recurrence Plots basieren, können an die speziellen Probleme angepaßt werden, so daß viele weitere Anwendungen möglich sind.<br /> <br /> Durch die Anwendung der neu eingeführten Komplexitätsmaße können Chaos-Chaos-Übergänge in Herzschlagdaten vor dem Auftreten einer lebensbedrohlichen Herzrhythmusstörung festgestellt werden, was für die Entwicklung neuer Therapien dieser Herzrhythmusstörungen von Bedeutung sein könnte. In einem weiteren Beispiel, in dem EEG-Daten aus einem kognitiv orientierten Experiment untersucht werden, ermöglichen diese Komplexitätsmaße das Erkennen von spezifischen Reaktionen im Gehirn bereits in Einzeltests. Normalerweise können diese Reaktionen erst durch die Auswertung von vielen Einzeltests erkannt werden.<br /> <br /> Mit der Hilfe von Cross Recurrence Plots wird die Existenz einer klimatischen Zirkulation, die der heutigen El Niño/ Southern Oscillation sehr ähnlich ist, im Nordwesten Argentiniens vor etwa 34000 Jahren nachgewiesen. Außerdem können mit Cross Recurrence Plots die Zeitskalen verschiedener Bohrlochdaten aufeinander abgeglichen werden. Diese Methode kann auch dazu genutzt werden, ein geologisches Profil mit Hilfe eines Referenzprofiles mit bekannter Zeitskala zu datieren. Weitere Beispiele aus den Gebieten der Molekularbiologie und der Spracherkennung unterstreichen das Potential dieser Methode. / In this work, different aspects and applications of the recurrence plot analysis are presented. First, a comprehensive overview of recurrence plots and their quantification possibilities is given. New measures of complexity are defined by using geometrical structures of recurrence plots. These measures are capable to find chaos-chaos transitions in processes. Furthermore, a bivariate extension to cross recurrence plots is studied. Cross recurrence plots exhibit characteristic structures which can be used for the study of differences between two processes or for the alignment and search for matching sequences of two data series. The selected applications of the introduced techniques to various kind of data demonstrate their ability. Analysis of recurrence plots can be adopted to the specific problem and thus opens a wide field of potential applications. <br /> <br /> Regarding the quantification of recurrence plots, chaos-chaos transitions can be found in heart rate variability data before the onset of life threatening cardiac arrhythmias. This may be of importance for the therapy of such cardiac arrhythmias. The quantification of recurrence plots allows to study transitions in brain during cognitive experiments on the base of single trials. Traditionally, for the finding of these transitions the averaging of a collection of single trials is needed. <br /> <br /> Using cross recurrence plots, the existence of an El Niño/Southern Oscillation-like oscillation is traced in northwestern Argentina 34,000 yrs. ago. In further applications to geological data, cross recurrence plots are used for time scale alignment of different borehole data and for dating a geological profile with a reference data set. Additional examples from molecular biology and speech recognition emphasize the suitability of cross recurrence plots.

The purpose of this essay is, from a narratological point of view and also by employing film adaptation theory, to compare the novel The Golden Compass to its film adaptation and examine the narrative elements they have in common and those that are distinct for each medium. The aim is also to critically comment on these elements and to discuss to what extent the changes made affect the story and how it is perceived. The analysis that I have carried out shows that changes have been made regarding the plot order, i.e. sequences have been moved around or even removed in the film adaptation. The portrayal of the characters differs as well; some characters have been condensed while others have been extended to fit into the new frame of narrative. There are also differences in pacing between the original work and the adaptation. However, the changes do not affect the perception of the story and the story works very well in the new narrative structure.

There have been numerous studies on measuring protein-protein interactions in solution using a variety of techniques including membrane osmometry, sedimentation, and static light scattering. Most of these techniques yield an osmotic second virial coefficient. The osmotic second virial coefficient has been shown to be an important parameter for protein crystallization. To date, there have been few fundamental theoretical studies of estimating second virial coefficient values using conventional models because of the diverse and complex nature of the potential of mean force. In the present study, the variation of equine serum albumin interactions was measured with respect to pH and sodium chloride salt concentration by static light scattering to determine the second virial coefficient and electrophoretic light scattering to determine the electrophoretic mobility. The main aim is to show the effect of the solution conditions such as pH and ionic strength on ESA interactions. In this thesis, I will focus on the classical theory of Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (DLVO). The experimental data from electrophoretic and static light scattering measurements for equine serum albumin are compared with the DLVO model.

Background The Swedish Association of local authorities and regions in collaboration with the national board of health and welfare produces the yearly “Swedish Health Care Report” in order to provide evaluations of the hospitals and counties in Sweden for both the politicians and the general public. Method We describe several standard methods which have been used to present the performance of each hospital or county: Forest plot (FL), League Table (LT), League Plot (LP) and Funnel Plot (FP). Using simulation technique to produce the League Plot of rank is also presented in order to illustrate the unreliable of the ranking principle. Results The league plot with confidence interval is easily understood by people, but it should provide the total number of operations (sample size) as well. The resulting multiple-indicators system gives a clear overview of the whole system, but the cut-off points used in the traffic light method is not the best choice. Several possible improved methodologies are: A league plot traffic light method and a standard funnel plot traffic light method is recommended when aiming at finding the outliers; A p=0.67 funnel plot traffic light method is suggested when wishing to divide the units into approximately equally large groups; A one-side traffic light method seems to be a wonderful choice when focusing on the bad performance units.