Capes / O objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar correlação entre as posturas adotadas e os respectivos riscos posturais, a dor e/ou sintomas musculoesqueléticos e a capacidade de carga em costureiras de indústrias de confecção de vestuário da cidade de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. A amostra foi composta por costureiras do gênero feminino. O problema que se avista para a presente pesquisa centra-se: De que maneira, as posturas e a força de preensão manual aplicadas e utilizadas no trabalho, afetam a sintomatologia da dor e os sintomas musculoesqueléticos, em trabalhadoras de indústrias de confecção? O referencial teórico pautou-se em: indústria têxtil, características da indústria de confecção de vestuário, ergonomia, postura, efeitos causados ao trabalhador na postura sentada, coluna vertebral e a postura sentada, avaliação ergonômica, métodos de avaliação de análise postural, avaliação dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos e sua localização e avaliação da capacidade de carga. Quanto à abordagem metodológica, a pesquisa classifica-se como quali-quantitativa, descritiva e de levantamento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em cinco empresas do ramo de confecção do vestuário, totalizando 57 costureiras. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram questionários, entrevistas, o método REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) para avaliação das posturas, o Diagrama de Corlett e Manenica para a localização da dor nos segmentos corporais e intensidade e dinamômetro para medir a força de preensão manual. A pontuação média no método REBA da amostra foi de 4,75 (± 0,46). A maioria das costureiras (80,70%) respondeu que possui dor em algum segmento corporal, ou em membros superiores ou inferiores, e apenas 19,30% da amostra disse não sentir desconforto. Os segmentos corporais que as costureiras da amostra não apresentaram dor foram: a bacia, o braço esquerdo, o antebraço direito e o punho direito. Com relação aos membros superiores, o que apresentou maior relato de dor foi a região lombar, com 40,35%. A segunda região de maior dor é a cervical, com 36,84%, seguido da região da costa média com 24,56%. A quarta região foi o pescoço, com 22,80% e a quinta foi a costa superior, com 17,54%. Com relação aos membros inferiores, a maior queixa de dores foi nas pernas, com 56,14%, contra apenas 5,26% nas coxas. A média da capacidade de carga das costureiras, medida através da força de preensão manual foi de 24,7 quilos (± 5,81). Os resultados das correlações entre as três variáveis: postura, dor e capacidade de carga apresentaram correlação fraca ou ausente, pois a correlação entre postura e dor foi ausente, e as correlações entre postura e dor e entre dor e capacidade de carga foram de r: 0.017. Acompanhando o trabalho das costureiras, foi possível identificar que as principais posturas adotadas ao longo da jornada laboral podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de lesões musculoesqueléticas. / The aim of this study was to find correlation between the positions taken and their risk posture, pain and / or musculoskeletal symptoms and the load capacity of seamstresses on the industry of clothing in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. The sample consisted of seamstresses female. The problem that can be seen to this research focuses: How postures and grip strength applied and used at work, affect the symptoms of pain and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in clothing industries? The theoretical framework was based on: textile industry, the clothing industry characteristics, ergonomics, posture, the effects caused in seated posture, spine and sitting posture, ergonomic evaluation, postural analysis of assessment methods, evaluation of musculoskeletal symptoms and assessing their location and load capacity. Regarding the methodological approach, the research is classified as qualitative and quantitative, descriptive and lifting. The research was conducted in five companies in the garment manufacturing industry, totaling 57 seamstresses. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires, interviews, the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method for assessment of attitudes, the Diagram Corlett and Manenica to the location of pain in the body segments and intensity and dynamometer to measure the force handgrip. The average score in REBA sample method was 4.75 (0.46). Most seamstresses (80.70%) replied that he has pain in a body part, or upper limbs or lower, and only 19.30% of the sample said no discomfort. The body segments that seamstresses sample did not experience pain were: the basin, the left arm, right forearm and right wrist. Regarding the upper limbs, which showed greater account of pain was a lumbar region, with 40.35%. The second area of greatest pain is the cervical, with 36.84%, followed by the middle coast region with 24.56%. The fourth area was the neck, with 22,80% and the fifth was the upper coast, with 17.54%. Regarding the lower limbs, the biggest complaint was pain in the legs, with 56.14%, compared to 5.26% in the thighs. The average load capacity of seamstresses, measured by grip strength was 24.7 kilograms (5.81). The results of the correlations between the three variables: posture, pain and load capacity had weak or no correlation because the correlation between posture and pain was absent, and the correlations between posture and pain and between pain and cargo capacity were r: 0017. Following the work of seamstresses, it observed that the main stances adopted during the working day can contribute to the development of musculoskeletal injuries.

Capes / O objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar correlação entre as posturas adotadas e os respectivos riscos posturais, a dor e/ou sintomas musculoesqueléticos e a capacidade de carga em costureiras de indústrias de confecção de vestuário da cidade de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. A amostra foi composta por costureiras do gênero feminino. O problema que se avista para a presente pesquisa centra-se: De que maneira, as posturas e a força de preensão manual aplicadas e utilizadas no trabalho, afetam a sintomatologia da dor e os sintomas musculoesqueléticos, em trabalhadoras de indústrias de confecção? O referencial teórico pautou-se em: indústria têxtil, características da indústria de confecção de vestuário, ergonomia, postura, efeitos causados ao trabalhador na postura sentada, coluna vertebral e a postura sentada, avaliação ergonômica, métodos de avaliação de análise postural, avaliação dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos e sua localização e avaliação da capacidade de carga. Quanto à abordagem metodológica, a pesquisa classifica-se como quali-quantitativa, descritiva e de levantamento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em cinco empresas do ramo de confecção do vestuário, totalizando 57 costureiras. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram questionários, entrevistas, o método REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) para avaliação das posturas, o Diagrama de Corlett e Manenica para a localização da dor nos segmentos corporais e intensidade e dinamômetro para medir a força de preensão manual. A pontuação média no método REBA da amostra foi de 4,75 (± 0,46). A maioria das costureiras (80,70%) respondeu que possui dor em algum segmento corporal, ou em membros superiores ou inferiores, e apenas 19,30% da amostra disse não sentir desconforto. Os segmentos corporais que as costureiras da amostra não apresentaram dor foram: a bacia, o braço esquerdo, o antebraço direito e o punho direito. Com relação aos membros superiores, o que apresentou maior relato de dor foi a região lombar, com 40,35%. A segunda região de maior dor é a cervical, com 36,84%, seguido da região da costa média com 24,56%. A quarta região foi o pescoço, com 22,80% e a quinta foi a costa superior, com 17,54%. Com relação aos membros inferiores, a maior queixa de dores foi nas pernas, com 56,14%, contra apenas 5,26% nas coxas. A média da capacidade de carga das costureiras, medida através da força de preensão manual foi de 24,7 quilos (± 5,81). Os resultados das correlações entre as três variáveis: postura, dor e capacidade de carga apresentaram correlação fraca ou ausente, pois a correlação entre postura e dor foi ausente, e as correlações entre postura e dor e entre dor e capacidade de carga foram de r: 0.017. Acompanhando o trabalho das costureiras, foi possível identificar que as principais posturas adotadas ao longo da jornada laboral podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de lesões musculoesqueléticas. / The aim of this study was to find correlation between the positions taken and their risk posture, pain and / or musculoskeletal symptoms and the load capacity of seamstresses on the industry of clothing in the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. The sample consisted of seamstresses female. The problem that can be seen to this research focuses: How postures and grip strength applied and used at work, affect the symptoms of pain and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in clothing industries? The theoretical framework was based on: textile industry, the clothing industry characteristics, ergonomics, posture, the effects caused in seated posture, spine and sitting posture, ergonomic evaluation, postural analysis of assessment methods, evaluation of musculoskeletal symptoms and assessing their location and load capacity. Regarding the methodological approach, the research is classified as qualitative and quantitative, descriptive and lifting. The research was conducted in five companies in the garment manufacturing industry, totaling 57 seamstresses. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires, interviews, the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) method for assessment of attitudes, the Diagram Corlett and Manenica to the location of pain in the body segments and intensity and dynamometer to measure the force handgrip. The average score in REBA sample method was 4.75 (0.46). Most seamstresses (80.70%) replied that he has pain in a body part, or upper limbs or lower, and only 19.30% of the sample said no discomfort. The body segments that seamstresses sample did not experience pain were: the basin, the left arm, right forearm and right wrist. Regarding the upper limbs, which showed greater account of pain was a lumbar region, with 40.35%. The second area of greatest pain is the cervical, with 36.84%, followed by the middle coast region with 24.56%. The fourth area was the neck, with 22,80% and the fifth was the upper coast, with 17.54%. Regarding the lower limbs, the biggest complaint was pain in the legs, with 56.14%, compared to 5.26% in the thighs. The average load capacity of seamstresses, measured by grip strength was 24.7 kilograms (5.81). The results of the correlations between the three variables: posture, pain and load capacity had weak or no correlation because the correlation between posture and pain was absent, and the correlations between posture and pain and between pain and cargo capacity were r: 0017. Following the work of seamstresses, it observed that the main stances adopted during the working day can contribute to the development of musculoskeletal injuries.

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Forward head posture (FHP) is a common postural abnormality, often associated with myofascial trigger points which can result in head and neck pain. The craniovertebral (CV) angle lies between a horizontal line running through C7 spinous process and a line connecting C7 spinous process to the tragus of the ear. The smaller the angle the greater the FHP. Cervical musculoskeletal abnormalities have often been linked to headache types, most especially episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) and cervicogenic headaches (CGH). Objectives: To determine whether an association exists between FHP, distance of the external auditory meatus (EAM) from the plumbline and cervical range of motion and the presentation of ETTH and CGH. Method: This was a quantitative comparative study (n=60) comparing three equal groups, one with ETTH, CGH and healthy controls. The FHP of the Subjects FHP was assessed by measuring the CV angle. A lateral digital photograph was taken to assess the distance of the external auditory meatus from the plumbline. Lastly, cervical range of motion was measured. The two symptomatic groups also received a headache diary for a fourteen day period monitoring frequency, intensity and duration of their headaches. Result: The two symptomatic groups had a smaller CV angle and a greater distance from the plumbline (p<0.05) than the asymptomatic group. The asymptomatic group had a significantly greater flexion (p=0.009), extension (p=0.038) and left rotation (p=0.018) range of motion than the two symptomatic groups. The CGH group had a significant positive correlation between the distance of the EAM from the plumbline and the intensity of headaches. The ETTH group had a significant positive correlation between the right craniovertebral angle and the mean duration of headaches. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that patients presenting with ETTH and/or CGH may have associated postural abnormalities that may act as a trigger or a contributory factor to the presenting headache. / Durban University of Technology

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2010. / Forward head posture (FHP) is a common postural abnormality, often associated with myofascial trigger points which can result in head and neck pain. The craniovertebral (CV) angle lies between a horizontal line running through C7 spinous process and a line connecting C7 spinous process to the tragus of the ear. The smaller the angle the greater the FHP. Cervical musculoskeletal abnormalities have often been linked to headache types, most especially episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) and cervicogenic headaches (CGH). Objectives: To determine whether an association exists between FHP, distance of the external auditory meatus (EAM) from the plumbline and cervical range of motion and the presentation of ETTH and CGH. Method: This was a quantitative comparative study (n=60) comparing three equal groups, one with ETTH, CGH and healthy controls. The FHP of the Subjects FHP was assessed by measuring the CV angle. A lateral digital photograph was taken to assess the distance of the external auditory meatus from the plumbline. Lastly, cervical range of motion was measured. The two symptomatic groups also received a headache diary for a fourteen day period monitoring frequency, intensity and duration of their headaches. Result: The two symptomatic groups had a smaller CV angle and a greater distance from the plumbline (p<0.05) than the asymptomatic group. The asymptomatic group had a significantly greater flexion (p=0.009), extension (p=0.038) and left rotation (p=0.018) range of motion than the two symptomatic groups. The CGH group had a significant positive correlation between the distance of the EAM from the plumbline and the intensity of headaches. The ETTH group had a significant positive correlation between the right craniovertebral angle and the mean duration of headaches. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that patients presenting with ETTH and/or CGH may have associated postural abnormalities that may act as a trigger or a contributory factor to the presenting headache. / Durban University of Technology / M