Thesis (doctoral)--Kgl. Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg. / Bibliography: p. [vii]-viii.

Upon completing the construction of the Panama Canal in 1914, vessels sailing between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans were provided an alternative to navigating the southern tip of South America. In order to accommodate future demand of Canal services, the Panama Canal Authority (ACP) in 2006 began planning a Canal expansion. The ACP enlisted URS Holdings, Inc to do a social cost-benefit analysis of the project. This thesis thoroughly examines the contents of this analysis and critiques the content and methodology of the study. The URS analysis suffers from numerous problems, including a lack of monetary values for potentially significant social and environmental impacts of the Canal expansion, a failure to distinguish pecuniary versus non-pecuniary externalities, causing the social benefits of the expansion to be grossly overstated and a questionable choice of discount rate which make a more positive picture of the private returns from expanding the Canal.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Stanford University, 1914. / "Essay ... awarded the Justin Winsor Prize in American history for 1914." Includes bibliographical references (p. 331-345) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1929. / Bibliography: p. 110-111.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Stanford University, 1914. / "Essay ... awarded the Justin Winsor Prize in American history for 1914." Includes bibliographical references (p. 331-345) and index.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1998. / "May 1998." eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 221-225).

Little research has been conducted in the Republic of Panama concerning mammalian predator and prey populations. New Technologies such as remote camera-traps, allow researcher to efficiently monitor elusive wildlife species within dense tropical vegetation. The general goal of this study was to establish concrete evidence of the felid population in EcoParque Panama-a newly designated protected area adjacent to Panama City. The specific objective of the study was to estimate the relative abundance of predators and prey species in order to determine the feasibility of releasing more felids into the area that were to be removed from the Panama Canal Expansion Zone. Camera-traps were purposefully located in likely felid habitat and data were collected for approximately 5 months. Photographs were analyzed according to species and location captured, and abundances were established. Using SPSS and Statistix statistical software, tests for association between likely habitat for felids and time activity periods for prey species were conducted. EcoParque was found to have a robust prey population with relatively few predators. Felid predators present include the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and jaguarundi (Felis yaguarondi). Results suggest that felid carrying capacity has not been reached and additional individuals could be released into the area. This preliminary study lays the ground work for further research in EcoParque as well as the rest of Panama concerning predator and prey species relationships.

The master's thesis is divided into three research questions. The method of a comparative case study was applied for the first two research questions. Methodology for a single case study was used for the third research question. Additionally, conceptualization, operationalization, and a brief historical description precede the main research question. The first question focused on comparing the characteristics of the Torrijos and Noriega authoritarian regimes. The second research question analyzed the diplomatic relations of the regimes with the United States. The third research question focused on techniques mentioned in the literature specializing in small states. I tried to find mentions of such techniques during the negotiations about the future of the Panama Canal during the Torrijos era. In relation to the first question, significant differences between the characteristics of the regimes were witnessed. Those were further discovered for the second research question as well. The Torrijos regime had good, intensive diplomatic relations with the United States for the majority of its existence. The Panama Canal Treaties are a testament to the fact. Although Noriega's regime had relatively normal diplomatic relations with the US until 1986. The diplomatic relations deteriorated in a dramatic...

The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the occurrence of dolphins in Pacific waters adjacent to the Panama Canal in the context of biological, temporal and spatial factors. Acoustic data were collected at 101 sites at a range of distances and depths from the shipping region. Data were collected between March 2010 and April 2011 in a diurnal cycle over a total of 114 recording days. Received sound levels were split into 1/3 Octave bandwidths to study variation in sound pressure levels and then converted to spectrum density levels to show the sound components of the background noise in this region. Generalised Linear Models were used to relate dolphin whistle detections to temporal, spatial, environmental and acoustic variables. The major sources of background noise were biological noise from soniferous fish and snapping shrimp and anthropogenic noise from vessels characterised by mid to high frequencies produced by artisanal fishing boats. There was monthly and diurnal variation with some locations characterised by loud sounds in the mid to high frequencies at night. Whistle characteristics analysis revealed that the frequencies and range of the whistles were different to those previously reported under similar conditions. Whistles varied diurnally and in the presence of fish chorus and fishing boats. The study highlights a strong correlation between fish choruses and whistle detection. Temporal and spatial models showed that whistle detections varied monthly and in relation to fish noise and small vessel engine noise. Dolphins were distributed throughout most of the study area; however, whistle detections varied with distance from the coast. The results provide new knowledge about background noise composition in this region and provide the first information on the ecology of dolphin whistles in relation to this background noise, especially to fish chorus.