The goal of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is to provide protein and non-protein energy in order to promote nitrogen retention and meet energy requirements. Controversy exists on whether glucose or lipid is the optimal source of non-protein energy. A randomized clinical trial was conducted for one week to compare the effects of TPN providing 34% of non-protein energy as lipid (Group 1; n = 7) to those of hypertonic glucose TPN (Group 2; n = 6). Indices of nitrogen retention, metabolic abnormalities, physiologic stress, and fat clearance were measured. The energy and protein intakes of Group 1 exceeded those of Group 2 from days 0 to 7 (p $<$ 0.05). Nitrogen balance improved significantly in both groups (p $<$ 0.005). Group 1 achieved zero nitrogen balance within two days; Group 2 never achieved net positive nitrogen balance. Significant elevations in insulin levels (p $<$ 0.025) were associated with both TPN admixtures. However, between the two groups the changes in nitrogen balance, albumin, glucose, fructosamine, insulin, liver enzymes, bilirubin, cortisol, and free fatty acid levels were not statistically different. It would appear that the lipid-carbohydrate TPN is more beneficial for patients who require TPN for a short period of time, but due to the small sample size and short study period further research is recommended.

No description available.

Thesis--PlanA (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-125).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-125) Also available in print.

This research examined differences in parenteral nutrition (PN) macronutrient (non-protein calories (NPC), grams of protein (PRO), carbohydrate to fat ratios) calculations between medical residents (MRs) and registered dietitians (RDs). This was conducted through a chart review of orders and notes from a midwest teaching hospital. The results showed that MRs prescribed on average 300 NPC more than RDs (n=102, SD ± 651.136, t = 4.45, df = 93, p = < 0.001). Additionally, despite recommendations from the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, MRs prescribe more macronutrients for obese patients and less macronutrients for normal and underweight patients when compared to RDs (PRO: F (3, 95) = 3.39, p = 0.021; NPC: F (3, 95) = 6.22, p = 0.001). This research stands to add to the body of knowledge in support of RDs obtaining greater PN privileges in the clinical setting. / Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is an established treatment for the management of patients with severe intestinal failure.  At the moment, it is the treatment of choice for those patients who are unable to eat or drink sufficient food or fluid to maintain nutrition or fluid status. There are no quality of life assessment tools that have been developed and validated specifically for this patient population, previous studies have used generic instruments or techniques not validated in this patient population. A method of objectively assessing the quality of life of patients treated with HPN has been developed – the HPN-QOL questionnaire.  This was designed using qualitative research methods to identify the issues particular to that patient population, thereby eliciting patients’ perspectives on their own quality of life.  The questionnaire was subjected to rigorous psychometric analysis to validate its use in the HPN population. The HPN-QOL has been translated into seven European languages.

Photocopy of typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

published_or_final_version / Surgery / Master / Master of Surgery

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008. / Title from web page (viewed on July 8, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.