Tikslas - Ištirti pirmą kartą vakcinuojamų šuniukų motininio imuniteto trukmę ir įvertinti specifines profilaktikos priemones šunų parvovirusinio enterito sukėlėjui. Tyrimai buvo atlikti Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Veterinarijos akademijoje, Anatomijos ir fiziologijos katedros Imunologijos laboratorijoje ir privačioje veterinarijos klinikoje 2013 metais. Per šį periodą buvo surinkti duomenys apie atliktas 324 vakcinacijas prieš CPV infekciją. Buvo registruojama informacija apie amžių, lytį, veislę, naudotą vakciną ir laikymo sąlygas. 15 šunų buvo įtraukti į tyrimą paremtą imunofermentine analize. Kraujas buvo imamas iš ≤ 3 mėnesių amžiaus nevakcinuotų, kliniškai sveikų šuniukų. Buvo nustatyti parvovirusui specifiniai antikūnai. Standartinėje smulkių gyvūnų klinikoje šuniukų parvovirusinio enterito vakcinacijos atliekamos 6, 8-9 ir 12 savaičių laikotarpyje, kuomet motininio imuniteto parvovirusui specifinių antikūnų vidutinis titras yra ne mažesnis nei 1:1007. Šešių savaičių amžiaus šuniukų grupėje nustatyti aukšti (iki 1:1040) parvovirusui specifinių antikūnų titrai įrodo, kad pirmą kartą vakcinuojamų šuniukų motininis imunitetas šiame amžiuje gali nuslopinti aktyvų imuninį atsaką. Aštuonių savaičių amžiaus šuniukų motininių antikūnų parvovirusams titras kraujo serumo mėginiuose sumažėjo 3,7 karto iki 1:272 ir todėl leidžia atlikti sėkmingą vakcinaciją jau nuo 8 savaičių amžiaus. Nors didžiausias antikūnų parvovirusams kiekis prieš vakcinaciją buvo nustatytas Kinų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Purpose – to investigate maternal immunity duration among the puppies vaccinated for the first time and to evaluate specific preventive measures against canine parvovirus agent. Studies have been carried out at LSMU Veterinary academy, Anatomy and physiology department, Laboratory of immunology and private veterinary clinic „Dainavos veterinarija“ in 2013. During this period data was collected about 324 cases that preventive vaccination was used in the clinic against CVP infection. Registered data of dogs: age, sex, breed, used vaccine and dogs housing conditions. 15 dogs were included in this study based on enzime-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood samples were taken from ≤ 3 months age non-vaccinated and clinically healthy puppies. Specific parvovirus antibodies were determined. In standard private small animal veterinary clinic puppies against CPV are vaccinated at 6, 8-9 and 12 weeks of age, when maternal immunity specific antibody for parvovirus average titer is not less than 1:1007. In group puppies of 6 weeks age with high titres (up to 1:1040) of specific antibodies for parvovirus were determined and its demonstrate that maternal immunity of first time vaccinated puppies in this age could inhibit active immune response. In group of puppies at 8 weeks of age the titre of maternal antibodies for parvovirus in blood serum samples decrease by 3.7 times down to 1:272 an therefore allow a successful vaccination since the age of 8 weeks. Data of CPV vaccination demonstrate... [to full text]

Canine Parvovirus remains a leading cause of enteritis in dogs in South Africa and many other countries despite the wide availability of effective vaccines. The virus does not affect all dogs equally and the course of the disease depends on the age, immune status and breed of the puppies as well as the viral dose, route of exposure and the virulence of the strain. Although aggressive supportive treatment can be successful, the treatment and convalescent periods may be prolonged and consequently expensive and the mortality rate relatively high, causing many clients to forego treatment and elect for euthanasia of their pet. Acute phase proteins (APP) are proteins that change in concentration by at least 25% in animals subjected to external or internal inflammatory challenges, such as infection, inflammation or surgical trauma. Increased concentrations are associated with poor outcome in certain diseases. C-reactive protein (CRP) is the most sensitive APP in dogs. Its normal physiological concentration is low but increases rapidly with inflammation or tissue destruction. Due to the fact that CRP has a relatively short half life in serum (6-8 hours) and a high response in diseased animals, it can be used as a valid measure of a systemic response to an initiating stimulus at the time of blood sampling. By taking serial measurements, objective information about the extent of the ongoing lesions in the patient can be obtained and therefore may be used as a prognostic indicator. The objective of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the association of serum CRP concentrations in puppies suffering from canine parvoviral enteritis with morbidity and mortality, and to determine the usefulness of CRP to predict duration of hospitalisation time. Seventy-nine client owned puppies naturally infected with canine parvovirus were included. Parvovirus infection was diagnosed on electron microscopic examination of faeces from the puppies. CRP was measured using an automated human C-Reactive Protein Turbidimetric Immunoassay (TIA), which has been validated for use in dogs. Serum CRP measurements were performed at admission, twice daily for the first 48 hours, then once daily until death or discharge. There was a positive association between odds of mortality and CRP concentration on admission, as well as 12 and 24 hours after admission (P=0.04,P=0.005 and P=0.003, respectively). Survival time was negatively associated with CRP concentration at 12 and 24 hours after admission (P=0.002and P=0.001, respectively). Among the survivors, length of hospitalisation was positively associated with CRP concentration at 12, 24 and 36 hours after admission (P=0.012, P=0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Utility for CRP concentration to correctly differentiate between survivors and non-survivors at 24 hours after admission had a sensitivity and specificity of 78.7% and 86.7% respectively. Although serum CRP concentration is associated with outcome in puppies infected with canine parvovirus, when used alone it did not prove to be a good predictor of survival. / Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted