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Using texture to predict diagnosis and disease from nuclear medicine lung perfusion scans: A comparison of nuclear medicine physicians to the slope of the power spectrum.Ker, Mary Virginia. January 1991 (has links)
The lung has been satisfactorily modelled as a fractal, and change in lung structure due to disease is assumed to change the fractal dimensionality of the lung. It is hypothesized that those changes in fractal dimension affect perceptually relevant elements (perceived texture) of the lung, and therefore the fractal dimension may prove to be a predictor of diagnosis. If the fractal dimensionality reflects structure in ways more accurately reflecting changes in lung structure than can be achieved by nuclear medicine physicians, then it may also prove useful as a diagnostic tool. Fractal dimension is linearly related to the slope of the power spectrum (SPS) as plotted on log-log paper, and the SPS was used as the metric reflecting the fractal dimension. Seventy-two cases were selected that were either normal, had congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or pulmonary embolism (PE). Five of the cases had both CHF and COPD. The lung scans from these cases were digitized, with appropriate corrections for linearization, edge artifacts, target nonuniformities and film gamma. Fast Fourier Transforms provided the power spectrum from which the SPS was calculated. Four nuclear medicine physicians read the original lung scans and rated their certainty about the presence of two texture elements, the extensiveness of disease involvement, and presence of the three diseases used (CHF, COPD, and PE). The results found the SPS to be significantly related to both texture ratings and diagnostic certainty, but inferior as a predictor of disease to either texture rating or diagnostic certainty. This study reveals the SPS to be a promising but incomplete candidate for machine-algorithm generated diagnosis.
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A quantification of heat load as assessed by indicators of tissue damage in rats.Manjoo, Mahomed. 22 October 2013 (has links)
Heatstroke is an illness that occurs when body temperature is grossly
elevated, causing widespread tissue damage. The extent of tissue
damage depends on the level of body temperature elevation and the
duration. Despite the fact that the diagnosis of heatstroke is based
on sound scientific principles, namely the elevation of serum enzyme
levels as indicators of tissue damage, the sensitivity of these
parameters of tissue damage in the prodromal period of heatstroke is
less well established, especially for sub-lethal stress conditions.
Furthermore, it is not known to what extent given elevations in serum
enzyme levels reflect the nature of various combinations of hyperthermia
and its duration as sustained during the prodromal period.
In an attempt to throw some light on the questions posed above
anaesthetized rats were exposed to three different sets of thermal
conditions. However, the amount of heat gained over and above baseline
levels was controlled to a 20% rise irrespective of the experimental
conditions. Above this increment animals did not survive thus
indicating excessive stress. Plasma enzyme levels were assayed in
each group of animals upon termination of stress, six hours post-stress
and 24 hours post-stress in order to investigate the patterns of enzyme
release as well as the sensitivity of the respective indicators of
tissue damage.
On the basis of plasma enzyme assays, the tissue damage sustained
during these particular experimental conditions was mild to moderate,
completely reversible, not indicative of heatstroke but merely of
generalized tissue damage. The results suggest that in addition to
the established positive relationship between the level and duration
of hyperthermia and tissue damage, a third component,namely the rate
of rise in body temperature, nay constitute an important factor in
the ultirrate pathology. In this regard, i.e. sub-lethal stress,
creatine kinase proved to be the most sensitive and, therefore, the
most useful parameter of tissue damage. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Durban-Westville, 1984.
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Der Einfluss einer animalischen Fettdiät auf Körpergewicht und Leberverfettung bei arthrosedisponierten C₅₇ Bl Mäusen beiderlei GeschlechtsHörstmann, Heiko, January 1970 (has links)
Inaug.-Diss.--Zürich. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 16-17.
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