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This diploma thesis deals with changes of wood floors in the NPR Mionší on 2.54 hectares large area of research. In 1957 was the first mensurational investigation which included focus of all trees coarser than 7 cm determine their thickness and height. Another measurement was carried out in 2004 when Ing. Tomáš Duda builds on the work of 1957. This diploma thesis builds on these two measurements and evaluate the changes of wood floors. For more than 60 years the number of live trees over an area of 568 to 1354 individuals. Beech is the dominant tree species in the plot and increasing its representation. Fir fell on a number of individuals from 225 to 35. The wood supply is 1539 m3 which compared to 2004 decreased slightly. The proportion of dead wood on the surface compared to 2004 decreased from 538.89 m3 to 473.71 m3. Regeneration area occupies 52 % in 2004 it was 80 % and the first measurement was found to be 25 % of the total area.

English abstract This work aims on influence of local coverage of woody layer on understorey herbs. Expansion of woody species into semi-natural grassland ecosystems is accompanied by increase of local coverage of woody layer. This process leads to changes of environmental conditions in understorey, that is followed by extinction of heliophillous herb species. This works deals with this phenomenon on a small spatial scale. The research took place near former village Tocov, situated in an abandoned landscape in Doupovské hory. This locality is typical example of woody species expansion into species rich grassland. Here, 399 phytocoenological relevés were collected. These relevés are ordered into triplets, that make triangles. There are local coverage of woody layer measured for each relevé. Impact of this variable was tested in two sizes of the observation window. Single relevés present microsites, while whole triplets present sites, where variability of local covarage of woody layer, leading to variability in herb layer, could be distinguished. Number of herb species is linearly negatively correlated with local coverage of woody layer on a smaller scale of single relevés. In whole triplets, increase of local coverage of woody layer, during early stages of woody species expansion, doesn't lead to decrease of...

Στην παρούσα μελέτη καταγράφεται η αγγειώδης χλωρίδα των τοίχων της πόλης της Πάτρας, καθώς και οι θέσεις των taxa πάνω στους τοίχους. Εντοπιστήκαν 167 taxa. Η χλωρίδα αναλύεται περαιτέρω σε σχέση με την τοπική εξάπλωση των taxa, καθώς και από βιολογική και χωρολογική άποψη και συγκρίνεται η ποικιλότητα και η ποιοτική ομοιότητα της χλωρίδας που εμφανίζεται στους τοίχους του κέντρου, της παραθαλάσσιας και της προαστιακής περιοχής της πόλης. Η ποικιλότητα στο σύνολο της χλωρίδας των τοίχων στην Πάτρα βρέθηκε Η΄= 1,97 και η συνολική τιμή του δείκτη κυριαρχίας Simpson είναι D = 0,23. Tα αποτελέσματα συγκρίνονται με τις χλωρίδες τοίχων άλλων ελληνικών και ξένων πόλεων. Eπίσης, τονίζεται η σπουδαιότητα των τοίχων ως αστικοί βιότοποι και διατυπώνονται προτάσεις για τη σωστή διαχείρισή τους. / The aim of the present study was to survey the wall vascular flora of the Greek city of Patras in SW Peloponnese. 167 taxa were identified. The flora is analysed in relation to the local distribution of the taxa as well as by biological and chorological aspect. There has been comparison between the diversity and the quality similarities among the walls of centre, maritime and suburban transect of the city. The overall diversity found is H = 1,97 and D = 0,23. The results are compared with wall floras of other cities.

Η σήραγγα εντάσσεται στο τμήμα από Χ.Θ. 75+000 έως Χ.Θ. 90+000 της νέας σιδηροδρομικής γραμμής Κορίνθου – Πατρών, η οποία είναι διπλής κατεύθυνσης και αναπτύσσεται στην ευρύτερη περιοχή της πόλεως του Αιγίου. Ειδικότερα, η υπόγεια χάραξη της νέας σιδηροδρομικής γραμμής διέρχεται αρχικά από την κατοικημένη περιοχή “Κουλούρα” και παρακάμπτοντας την πόλη του Αιγίου καταλήγει στην περιοχή του εργοστασίου “Κουνινιώτης”. Το έργο αφορά την κατασκευή της υποδομής στο υποτμήμα από Χ.Θ. 85+ 605 έως Χ.Θ. 89+119,95 με την κατασκευή της σιδηροδρομικής σήραγγας του Αιγίου, συνολικού μήκους 3514 m περίπου, των τριών στοών διαφυγής αυτής, ενός μικρού αριθμού τεχνικών έργων στις περιοχές εισόδου και εξόδου της σήραγγας και των στοών διαφυγής.Επιπλέον στην ευρύτερη περιοχή του έργου έγινε η κατασκευή τμήματος της υποδομής της ανοικτής σιδηροδρομικής γραμμής,από την αρχή της εργολαβίας μέχρι το στόμιο εισόδου της σήραγγας Αιγίου, καθώς επίσης και κατασκευή παράπλευρου οδικού δικτύου, εξυπηρέτησης της σιδηροδρομικής γραμμής και αποκατάστασης της κυκλοφορίας. Χ.Θ. ΥΠΟΓΕΙΟΥ ΜΗΚΟΣ(m) ΤΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ ΕΞΟΔΟΣ 85+840.54 89+089.95 3249.41 Πίνακας1: Χαρακτηριστικά στοιχεία της σήραγγας. Κατά την προχώρηση της σήραγγας η οποία έγινε μέσα σε μεταλπικά ιζήματα του νεογενούς, συναντήθηκαν αμμοχάλικα,αμμώδη υλικά,αργιλοϊλυώδη υλικά και μικτές συνθήκες. Οι μικτές συνθήκες κατατάσσονται σαν ιδιαίτερη ενότητα και αντιμετωπίσθηκαν λόγω των συχνών εναλλαγών, του μειωμένου πάχους και της δυσμενούς κλίσης των στρωμάτων κατά την κατεύθυνση ανατολικά – δυτικά, ως «μειωμένης μηχανικής αντοχής» υλικά.Λόγω της φύσης των υλικών ήταν απαραίτητη η χρήση δοκών προπορείας, και όλων των μέσων προσωρινής αντιστήριξης (πλαίσια, εκτοξευόμενο σκυρόδεμα, αγκύρια, πλέγμα) και στα σημεία που υπήρξε αυξημένη υδροφορία, έγινε χρήση μεμβρανών και συστηματικές αποστραγγιστικές οπές.Η εκσκαψιμότητα τους ήταν εύκολη με συνήθη μηχανικά μέσα. / The tunnel is integrated into the area from the K.P. 75+000 to the K.P. 90+000 of the new railway line Korinthos – Patra, which is bidirectional and it is growing in the wider area of the city of Aegio. In particular, the underground development of the new railway line passes firstly through the residential area " Kouloura " and bypassing the city of Aegio reaches the area of the factory named " Kouniotis ". The project concerns the construction of infrastructure in the sub – area from the K.P. 85+ 605 to the K.P. 89+119.95 with the construction of the railway tunnel of Aegio, of total approximate length 3514 KM, of its three of escape archways, of a small number of technical works in the entry and exit areas of the tunnel and the escape archways. In addition, in the wider area of the work it took place the construction of part of the infrastructure of the open railway line, from the beginning of the contract to the tunnel inlet of Aegio, as well as a construction of a side road network, serving the railway line and restoring the traffic. K.P. OF UNDERGROUND PART LENGTH OF UNDERGROUND PART (m) UNDERGROUND PART(m) ENTRY EXIT 85+840.54 89+089.95 3249.41 Table: Characteristics of the tunnel. During the progression of the tunnel, which took place in post alpine sediments of the neogene, they were met gravels, sandy materials, argil materials and mixed conditions. The mixed conditions are classified as a special module and they were regarded, because of the frequent rotations, the reduced thickness and the adverse gradient of the layers in the direction east – west, as being materials of " reduced mechanical strength ". Due to the nature of the materials it was necessary the use of head – beams and all temporary retaining means (frames, sprayed concrete, anchors, mesh) and in the points of increased aquifer it was made use of membranes and systematic drainage holes. Their excavation was easy with ordinary mechanical means.

The thesis deals with specific nursing care for children with facial cleft anomalies. Facial clefts belong to frequent congenital anomalies with incidence of 1 : 500 in lively born children, which is why adequate care has to be provided to these children to honour the founder of Czech plastic surgery Prof. František Burian. Two goals were set in this thesis. The first goal was to elaborate a proposal of a nursing procedure for children with facial cleft. The other goal was to elaborate an educational programme for nurses and parents of children with facial cleft anomalies. Both the goals have been achieved. Two hypotheses were set in this thesis: Hypothesis No. 1 ?Nurses working at a specialized department are sufficiently informed on the care about children with facial cleft anomalies?. Hypothesis No. 2 ?Nurses working at maternity wards are sufficiently informed on the care about children with facial cleft anomalies?. Two research questions were also set before the research itself: Research question No. 1: How do nurses provide specific nursing care to children with facial cleft anomalies? Research question No. 2: What principles do nurses consider important for the care about children with facial cleft anomalies? The questionnaire, interview and observation methods were used for data collection. The questionnaire was based on information obtained from literature and was designed for ward nurses. The interview was prepared upon own experience from observation of nurses in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital in the Centre for Cleft Anomalies Treatment and upon information from literature. 60 questionnaires were distributed in the České Budějovice Hospital in March 2011. There were 47 completed questionnaires suitable for processing. 11 questionnaires were distributed in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital in March 2011. 9 completed questionnaires were used for processing. The research sample for the interview consisted of 11 nurses working in the Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, the Centre for Cleft Anomalies Treatment, the Paediatric ICU and the Paediatric ward. The results show that the nurses working at maternity wards are sufficiently informed. The results also show how nurses provide specific nursing care and what principles they consider important. We have elaborated educational programmes for parents and nurses within the set goals and upon the interviews with nurses, which may help improve the nursing care and particularly teach parents to care about their children with facial cleft properly.

Thesis deals with the study of palate morphology and variability of patients with UCLP, using modern methods of geometric morphometrics. Dental plaster casts of UCLP patients (average age 14,8) and the control group (average age 14,7) were used for evaluation. The models were scanned using a 3D scanner. For evaluation of total variability of patients with orofacial clefts, previously rated dental casts of BCLP patients (whose age ranged from 12,1 to 16,5) were also included. All patients were operated and treated at The Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Prague. The results are in accordance with literature, which describes the basic size and shape differences in the morphology of the palate in different types of clefts (e.g. narrowing of the palate in UCLP and BCLP and asymmetry of palatal vault in UCLP). Using "Dense correspondense models analysis" average surface models were computed and new informations about the shape and premaxila position were gained. Different location and slope of the palate in different types of clefts and within control group were detected by superimposition of average models and FESA. UCLP palate have typically asymetric palate vault with a maximum height in front of the cleft palate and at the back in the side without malformations. Variability of the shape of palate for each group...

A structure and a function of a monoculture woodland is diferent from the natural woodland condition. This is an influence of a herb layer diversity. The change of the herb layer are mainly distinguishable in the case of tree coniferous monoculture. They are the poorest at all of them viewpoint diverzity. The diversity of the woodland was analysed with an insuffiently consequence. This study get the knowledge about the species composition and the diversity of these monoculture. At the same time get the knowlege about next factores, which change diversity and species composition of stand. As a confirmation of this, coniferous monoculture are numerously and species-compositionally diferent from broadleave monoculture. And more, coniferous trees change the enviroment's condition and the whole biotopes. There are not depend any species of the herb layer at the coniferous monoculture on this studied site of Křivoklátsko.

The present study is concerned with development of maxilla, or moreprecisely palate,in course of first year of life in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), before and after cheiloplasty. The metodology has it's center in processing of dental plaster casts of UCLP patients via classical and geometric morphometry. All the patients have been operated following same protocol in the neonatal period. The operation was conducted by the same surgeon Jiří Borský, M.D. in the teaching hospital Motol in Prague. In the trackedThe results suggest that the variability of shape was larger in cUCLP patients than in UCLP+M patients. Statistically significant differences in the palate shape were observed in both age categories within both defect categories. The variability of form (size and shape) was followed within each defect category and statistically significant differences between both age category was proven. In the light of average changes intha palate morphology, we tracked both anterior and posterior growth of both segments with increasing age in both defect categories. More distinctive aproximation of both segments, due to the pressure after the cheiloplasty and growth of both segments, was observed in cUCLP patients. Essencial influence of increasing gravity of the defect on changes...