Submitted by Anderson Montagner Martins (anderson.montagner@gmail.com) on 2018-11-14T02:37:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson Montagner Martins - Dissertação Mestrado (2018).pdf: 10796603 bytes, checksum: 697d340d41d25e2369055c39794cbbdb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Luiza Carpi Semeghini (luiza@assis.unesp.br) on 2018-11-14T22:39:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_am_me_assis_int.pdf: 10796603 bytes, checksum: 697d340d41d25e2369055c39794cbbdb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-14T22:39:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 martins_am_me_assis_int.pdf: 10796603 bytes, checksum: 697d340d41d25e2369055c39794cbbdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Em 1933, a Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) do México criou o seu Plan para la filmación de películas educativas, um projeto cinematográfico financiado pelo Estado que tinha como objetivo produzir uma série de filmes com o intuito de se forjar uma consciência socioeconômica na população. O projeto foi criado no mesmo período em que o Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR) elaborou o seu Plan Sexenal, documento que continha as diretrizes governamentais do mandato de seu candidato oficial, Lázaro Cárdenas, vitorioso nas eleições de 1934. Entre as medidas propostas pelo PNR estava a polêmica reforma educacional que implantou a “educación socialista” no país. O foco central da nossa pesquisa é o único filme concluído do projeto cinematográfico da SEP, Redes, produzido entre os anos 1934 e 1936. O filme narra a luta de um grupo de pescadores contra as injustiças impostas por um comerciante e um candidato político. A mensagem de Redes é bem clara: somente através da união entre os trabalhadores é possível superar a exploração da qual são vítimas. Os principais envolvidos na criação de Redes foram o compositor e maestro mexicano Carlos Chávez (1899-1978), então chefe do Departamento de Bellas Artes da SEP e o fotógrafo nova-iorquino Paul Strand (1890-1976), que estava no México desde 1932 realizando um projeto fotográfico. Nossa hipótese é que Redes pode ser considerado tanto resultado de uma política cultural revolucionária da SEP, que se radicalizou após a criação do PNR, quanto uma obra pessoal de Paul Strand. O nosso objetivo é refletir como Redes se insere em tal contexto político e cultural e, através da análise fílmica, apontar as tensões e ambiguidades presentes no discurso cinematográfico. Com isso, pretendemos identificar as aproximações e as rejeições entre o filme e o projeto ideológico-estético, tanto da SEP quanto de Paul Strand. / In 1933, Mexico's Secretaría de Educación Pública created its Plan para la filmación de películas educativas, a state-funded cinematographic project that aimed to produce a series of films promoting socioeconomic awareness in the population. The project was created in the same period in which Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR) drew up its Plan Sexenal, which contained the government guidelines of the mandate of its official candidate, Lázaro Cárdenas, victorious in the 1934 elections. Among the measures proposed by PNR was a controversial education reform that implanted the “educación socialista” in the country. The focus of our research is the only completed film from SEP’s cinematographic project, Redes, produced between 1934 and 1936. The film focuses on the struggle of a group of fishermen against the injustices imposed by a merchant and a political candidate. The message of Redes is very clear: only through their union, the workers can overcome the exploitation of which they are victims. The main people involved in the creation of Redes were the Mexican composer and conductor Carlos Chávez (1899-1978), then head of SEP's Departamento de Bellas Artes, and the New Yorker photographer Paul Strand (1890-1976), who was in Mexico since 1932 doing a photographic project. Our hypothesis is that Redes can be considered as both a result of a revolutionary cultural policy of SEP, which became radicalized after the creation of PNR, and a personal work of Paul Strand. Our objective is to reflect how Redes is inserted into such a political and cultural context and, through film analysis, to point out the tensions and ambiguities seen in the cinematographic discourse. Thereby, we intend to identify the approximations and rejections between the film and the ideological-aesthetic project of both SEP and Paul Strand. / CNPq: 130160/2017-2

"Paul Strand and Cesare Zavattini's 'Un paese' (1955): the art, synergy and politics of a photobook" is a study of the genesis, production and reception of the photobook 'Un paese', created in a collaboration between the American photographer Paul Strand and the Italian neorealist screenwriter Cesare Zavattini. Set in Luzzara, a small town in northern Italy, Strand portrayed the community in a series of images of the landscape, the townsfolk and still lives. The thesis reconstructs the reasoning behind Strand's decision to abandon documentary filmmaking for the creation of photobooks. Strand and the critic Elizabeth McCausland are shown to have specifically conceptualised the photobook as a hybrid form capable of communicating a multifaceted political message through a narrative synthesis of text and image, utilising strategies drawn from documentary film, the photomural and mass media publications. It is shown how Strand and his collaborators combined image and text placed within a deliberately spare graphic design and layout, to emphasise the solidity and importance of the subject matter, and to privilege the communicatory capacity of the photograph. In addition, this thesis reorients the study of Strand from concentration on his early individual fine prints to the collaboratively created political artworks of his later career. It is argued that Strand's production of photobooks is directly related to his status as a Marxist American expatriate who left the United States to avoid blacklisting at the end of the 1940s. By carefully choosing the sites where he worked, utilising realist photographic strategies developed earlier in his career, and collaborating with sympathetic writers, Strand's photobooks present the idealised image of communitarian, primarily agrarian life. 'Un paese' is shown in this thesis to typify Strand's working method; to visually and materially embody his creative and political beliefs; and to exemplify the intermedial collaboration required by the photobook.