Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Virginia, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-170). Also available online through Digital Dissertations.

Report (Ed. D.)--Teachers College. / Issued also on microfilm. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009. / Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 25, 2010) Lindsey L. Cohen, committee chair; Erin Tone, Chris Henrich, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-44).

Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-84).

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University

Art has the power to bring together communities of people who have suffered from traumatic experiences, and allow them to heal, and overall dismantles the stigma associated with it. My work delves into the emotional side of living with pediatric cancer from the child’s perspective, particularly my own experiences as a brainstem tumor survivor, and the overall concerns of fragility. This paper explores these perspectives that are severely lacking throughout studies, while also taking a closer look at how artists, such as Frida Kahlo and Jamie Bates Slone, have used art to reflect on and express emotions concerning personal traumas. My thesis project demonstrates how art, or in my case clay, can emphasize the resiliency of young children in overcoming pediatric cancer, and fosters a greater understanding, by focusing on the hopeful side of the diagnosis, in those who may only recognize fragility.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / O sucesso do tratamento endodÃntico depende de muitos fatores, sendo a reduÃÃo ou eliminaÃÃo da infecÃÃo bacteriana o mais importante desses fatores. Portanto, o uso de substÃncias capazes de agir nesses microorganismos e em seus subprodutos torna-se uma etapa importantÃssima no tratamento. O objetivo deste ensaio clÃnico âsplit-mouthâ foi comparar a eficÃcia da clorexidina gel 1% e do hidrÃxido de cÃlcio associado ao paramonoclorofenol canforado (Callen PMCCÂ), como medicaÃÃo intracanal, e do tratamento executado em sessÃo Ãnica (grupo controle), contra Estreptococos do grupo mutans (EGM) e bactÃrias anaerÃbias presentes no interior dos canais radiculares de molares decÃduos com necrose pulpar. Um total de 21 crianÃas (37 dentes) participou do estudo. Amostras iniciais (prÃ-tratamento) e finais (apÃs a permanÃncia das substÃncias por 14 dias no interior dos canais) foram coletadas para anÃlise microbiolÃgica e incubadas em placas de Mitis Salivarius Bacitracina, em aerofilia, para a observaÃÃo dos nÃveis de EGM, assim como em placas de Brucella Ãgar, em anaerobiose, para verificaÃÃo de bactÃrias anaerÃbias. Os nÃveis de sucesso da pulpectomia apÃs um perÃodo de acompanhamento de atà 12 meses foram analisados baseados em parÃmetros clÃnicos e radiogrÃficos. A clorexidina gel a 1% reduziu significantemente os nÃveis de EGM (p= 0,010, teste de Wilcoxon) e o Callen PMCC reduziu significantemente os nÃveis de bactÃrias anaerÃbias (p=0,002, teste de Wilcoxon). Observou-se diferenÃa significativa na comparaÃÃo da reduÃÃo dos nÃveis de EGM obtidos pelo grupo da clorexidina e pelo controle (p=0,032, Mann-Whitney). A taxa de sucesso do tratamento foi de 81,71% no grupo do Callen PMCCÂ, 78,57% para o grupo da clorexidina gel 1% e 77,77% no grupo controle. Concluiu-se que a clorexidina gel a 1%, assim como o hidrÃxido de cÃlcio associado ao paramonoclorofenol canforado, possui eficÃcia limitada na reduÃÃo de bactÃrias dos canais radiculares decÃduos infectados. Os presentes resultados sugerem que uma possÃvel associaÃÃo entre as medicaÃÃes testadas em estudos futuros pode eliminar de maneira mais eficaz estas bactÃrias. / The success of endodontic treatment depends on many factors, and the reduction or elimination of bacterial infection is the most important one. Therefore, the use of substances that act against these microorganisms and their products becomes an important stage in treatment. The aim of this in vivo split-mouth study was to compare the efficacy of a 1% chlorhexidine gel, calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol (Callen PMCCÂ) as intracanal medications, and a Control group (1-visit endodontic treatment) against mutans streptococci (EGM) and anaerobic bacteria found in primary molars with necrotic pulps. A total of 21 children (37 teeth) participated in this study. Initial (pre-treatment) and final (14 days post-treatment) intra-canal samples were collected for microbiological analysis and were incubated in Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin plates under microaerophilic conditions for EGM counting; as well as in Brucella-agar plates, anaerobically, to allow growth of anaerobic bacteria. The success rate of the pulpectomies after a 12 months follow-up were also evaluated based on clinical and radiographic parameters. Chlorhexidine gel significantly reduced EGM levels (p=0,010, Wilcoxon test), whereas Callen PMCC significantly reduced anaerobic bacteria levels (p=0,002). Significant difference was observed when comparing EGM reduction levels between the Chlorhexidine and Control groups (p=0,032, Mann-Whitney test). The success rate was 81,71% in the Callen PMCC group, 78.57% in the Chlorhexidine group and 77.77% in the control group. We concluded that 1% chlorhexidine gel, as well as calcium hydroxide/camphorated paramonochlorophenol, has limited efficacy in the reduction of bacteria from deciduous infected root canals. The present results suggest that a possible association between these two medications in future studies may eliminate more efficiently these bacteria.

Progressive Neuromuscular Diseases (PNDs) are relentless, debilitating, incurable diseases that cause nerves and muscles to atrophy. A large portion of the population who experience PNDs are adolescents. These adolescents progressively lose physical abilities and increasingly rely on caregivers at a time in their life when, paradoxically, normative adolescent development prescribes a move towards independence and autonomy. There is little research examining this experience from the adolescents’ perspectives. The purpose of this interpretive phenomenology study was to understand the experience of adolescents with PNDs when making decisions in relation to their health. Data collection consisted of 10 semi-structured interviews with 5 adolescents, 16-19 years of age, who were living with a PND (two interviews with each of the 5 participants). These interviews lasted an average of 60 minutes. Data were analysed using interpretive strategies, including the development of themes using exemplars, and paradigm cases. Findings revealed that the adolescents separated health decisions into two distinct categories, Big and Small, based upon level of perceived risk and physician involvement. Big referred to high-risk decisions, included physicians, and involved a medical/surgical procedure or intervention. Small referred to lower risk decisions, did not include physicians, and involved personal care. An expert emerged with each category of decision. In Big Decisions, the physician was perceived as the expert who made recommendations, provided information, and introduced the decision. In Small Decisions, the adolescent perceived himself as the expert. With Big Decisions, the physician expertise was typically respected, and the recommendations were followed. With Small Decisions, parents typically respected adolescent expertise. However, the adolescents commonly experienced not having their expertise respected by health professionals. In the context of Big and Small decisions, the theme Joint Ownership captured the sense that with the progressive loss of abilities and resulting dependence, the physical disability and illness were not experienced solely by the adolescent but by the adolescent and his parent(s). As the parent(s) and adolescent shared these experiences, the decisions, ownership of the physical body, and the responsibility for the care of the body also became shared. The findings suggest that health care professionals need to include the adolescents in the Small Decisions, and also acknowledge that adolescents may desire parental involvement in Big Decisions. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate