Thesis -- Memorial University of Newfoundland. / Bibliography : leaves 174-195. Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1993. / "June 1993." At head of title: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering. "Doctoral dissertation." Includes bibliographical references.

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京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第19394号 / 理博第4125号 / 新制||理||1593(附属図書館) / 32419 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 平島 崇男, 教授 土`山 明, 准教授 河上 哲生 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Studium pevných inkluzí vybraných minerálů eklogitů, peridotitů a granulitů Kutnohorské oblasti English abstract Felsic granulites with lenses and boudins of garnet peridotites and eclogites, for which UHP conditions have been obtained, commonly occur in the Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif. However, it is not clear when and how the HP-UHPM rocks were emplaced into the host granulites. The most important question that remains is, whether the felsic granulites also experienced UHP metamorphism. By studying solid phase inclusions and compositional zoning in resistant phases as garnet, we provide evidence of prograde metamorphism of felsic rocks prior to their granulite facies overprint. Finding mono-mineral inclusion of Ti-rich phengite point to prograde evolution of the rocks.Polyphase inclusions of phengite and biotite indicate that it was previously Ti-poor phengite. Another important inclusion is graphite, which could be remnant of micro-diamond inclusion. Well-preserved prograde zoning of major elements in garnet from the felsic granulites is supported by zoning patterns of trace elements, such as titanium, chromium and yttrium and rare earth elements. Both these groups of elements remain heterogeneous at a micro-scale. The garnet profiles reveal that the rocks preserved signs of multiple stages...

Volatiles are fundamental to many aspects of kimberlite magmatism. However, the volatile compositions and concentrations are poorly defined. Enrichment of H in kimberlitic olivines, many of which are xenocrysts, suggests high water content, but the extent to which H exchanges between these xenocrysts and kimberlite magmas remains unclear. This study investigates zonation of H in kimberlite-hosted xenolith and macrocrystic olivines using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to constrain the extent of re-equilibration. Data show that, depending on locality, xenolith olivines exhibit either no H-zonation, or substantial H-depletion in their rims. Macrocrysts feature similar trends to xenolith olivines from the same intrusion. In terms of the rim:core ratio of H, strongly zoned olivines average ~0.5, whereas poorly zoned olivines average at ~0.9 (macrocrysts) or 1.0 (xenolith olivines). Locality-specific H-zonation could result from different magmatic thermal regimes, water concentrations, or ascent durations. If the magmas that contained weakly zoned olivines were anhydrous, their restricted zoning requires ascent durations (< 20 min at 1100 °C) that are considerably shorter than published estimates (~1-24 hr at 1100 °C). These findings suggest that elevated magmatic water concentrations minimized loss of H from olivine in these kimberlites, showing that non-equilibrated xenocrysts could indirectly record high water concentrations in the form of weak H-zonation. Strong H-depletion patterns in olivines from other kimberlites may reflect lower initial magmatic water concentrations, or loss of fluid to country rocks. Future studies could compare H-zonation to temperature and ascent rate estimates, and field relationships to better elucidate the causes of locality-specific H-zonation. An apparent correlation between diamond grade and H-zonation warrants further investigation. / This thesis includes an Electronic Appendix, available at http://dalspace.library.dal.ca

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland. / Typescript. 3 fold. maps in pocket. Bibliography: leaves 267-296. Also available online.

Kimberlite, an ultrabasic diamond-bearing hypabyssal rock-type which has its origin in the Earth's upper mantle, characteristically contains rare, well-rounded xenoliths of peridotite and eclogite. These xenoliths, which undoubtedly originate from some considerable depth below the Earth's surface, possibly represent samples of upper mantle material. They have received much attention from earth scientists and numerous theories as to their origin have been proposed. Forty-two selected peridotite xenoliths from the Bultfontein, Wesselton, Dutoitspan and Roberts Victor kimberlite pipes of the Kimberley area, South Africa, and 24 eclogite xenoliths from the Roberts Victor pipe have been examined in detail using a variety of petrological and mineralogical techniques. The petrologic research comprises conventional petrographic studies, the determination of accurate modal compositions and the presentation of 22 new whole-rock chemical analyses, nine of which are of garnet peridotite, four of spinel peridotite and nine of eclogite, one being a diamondiferous specimen. Detailed mineralogical studies of the constituent minerals of the xenoliths comprises descriptive mineralogy, in most cases an estimation of the compositions of these minerals from the measurement of physical properties, X-ray powder diffraction data and the presentation of 21 new chemical analyses of pure mineral separates. This includes five analyses of clivine, five of orthopyroxene, eight of garnet, one of chrome diopside and two of omphacite. The results of the investigation have shown that the peridotites consist essentially of forsterite and enstatite with minor or trace amounts of one or more of pyrope-rich garnet, chrome diopside, chrome spinel, phlogopite and rarely graphite, and often exhibit features consistent with plastic movement and tectonic deformation. The peridotites are believed to be derived from an ultrabasic upper mantle, which is both chemioally and physically zoned. The eclogite xenoliths, which are composed mainly of pyrope-almandine garnet and omphacitic clinopyroxene and occasionally contain kyanite, corundum and diamond, are not samples of a primary eclogitic upper mantle nor the products of an eclogite fractionation related to kimberlite genesis. Chemically they are not typical of extrusive basalts and probably either represent pockets of partially fractionated basic magma trapped at mantle-level in an eclogite-stable environment or samples of high-grade crustal metamorphic eclogite accidentally incorporated into the Roberts Victor kimberlite.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND LINDGREN / Bibliography: leaves 209-226. / by Harlan Wheelock Stockman. / Ph.D.

Thesis. 1978. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science. / Bibliography: leaves 264-283. / Ph.D.