Submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2000. / This study focuses on how drum majoretting may influence the person image of the adolescent girl. An attempt was made to determine or investigate the influence of relationship formation on the person image and whether drum majoretting influences relationship formation. The researcher also investigated the influence of drum majoretting on the person image. The fact that different concepts are used to describe this totality (person image) can easily lead to confusion. Consequently it was necessary to review the nature and influence of the most important areas that are related to the person image of the adolescent drum majorette: ► relationship formation ► physical development cognitive development emotional development ► social development. The literature study discloses that the drum majorette is involved in relationship formation with self, peers, trainer/educator and parents. Analysis of the data indicates that the adolescent whose relationships with significant others were favourable, positive and rewarding would have developed a positive self-identity, a positive self-concept and an enhanced feeling of self. Unfavourable experiences in the relationship formation are likely to limit the drum majorette's development and an impaired self-concept, negative self-identity would have been formed. Relationships in the life-world of the drum majorette may have a significant effect on the person image. Drum majoretting as a sport provides a range of experiences through which the adolescent may be socialised. For the purpose of the empirical investigation a self-structured questionnaire for drum majorettes were utilised. The questionnaires that were completed by drum majorettes were analyzed and thereafter the data that was obtained was processed and analyzed. The study has confirmed that the person image of the adolescent girl is enhanced through drum majoretting. The empirical investigation proved that all four categories of relationship i.e. self, peers, trainer/educator and parents are important to the adolescent drum majorette in order for her to self-actualize. Findings also show that the physical, cognitive, emotional and social development of the drum majorette is enhanced. In conclusion a summary .was presented and based on the findings of this study, the following are some of the recommendations that were made; ► The Department of Education should consider drum majoretting as a compulsory extra-curricular code of sport for girls. ► The school (principal) should develop and enforce a policy which will provide a set of guidelines to organize the code of drum majoretting through which the person image can be enhanced. ► A proactive empowerment programme should be established where parents can be addressed on the role of drum majoretting. Parent-child relationships are fundamental to the pupil's development of the person image. The parent-child contact will bring the educator into focus. A good parent-educator relationship is vital for the enhancement of the person image of the adolescent drum majorette. ► A strategic plan should be formulated for drum majoretting with the cooperation of parents, educators and the Drum Majorette Association of South Africa.

In this thesis, we mainly focus on image generation. However, one can still observe unsatisfying results produced by existing state-of-the-art methods. To address this limitation and further improve the quality of generated images, we propose a few novel models. The image generation task can be roughly divided into three subtasks, i.e., person image generation, scene image generation, and cross-modal translation. Person image generation can be further divided into three subtasks, namely, hand gesture generation, facial expression generation, and person pose generation. Meanwhile, scene image generation can be further divided into two subtasks, i.e., cross-view image translation and semantic image synthesis. For each task, we have proposed the corresponding solution. Specifically, for hand gesture generation, we have proposed the GestureGAN framework. For facial expression generation, we have proposed the Cycle-in-Cycle GAN (C2GAN) framework. For person pose generation, we have proposed the XingGAN and BiGraphGAN frameworks. For cross-view image translation, we have proposed the SelectionGAN framework. For semantic image synthesis, we have proposed the Local and Global GAN (LGGAN), EdgeGAN, and Dual Attention GAN (DAGAN) frameworks. Although each method was originally proposed for a certain task, we later discovered that each method is universal and can be used to solve different tasks. For instance, GestureGAN can be used to solve both hand gesture generation and cross-view image translation tasks. C2GAN can be used to solve facial expression generation, person pose generation, hand gesture generation, and cross-view image translation. SelectionGAN can be used to solve cross-view image translation, facial expression generation, person pose generation, hand gesture generation, and semantic image synthesis. Moreover, we explore cross-modal translation and propose a novel DanceGAN for audio-to-video translation.