19th-century Latin American science fiction has begun to draw the attention of many scholars who focus on the tradition written in Argentina, Uruguay, Brasil, and Mexico. However, newspapers, magazines, poetry collections, and books from Peru, Chile, and Colombia during the same period also included science fiction as well. My dissertation proposes to rescue these works and make them valuable for literary purposes. My first chapter focuses on two Peruvian serial novels, Lima de aquí a cien años [Lima in a Hundred Years] and Cusco de aquí a cien años [Cusco in a Hundred Years], both published in newspaper El Comercio in 1843, and were written by two authors: Julian M. del Portillo and "u201cCarlos de A"u201d. The novels are based on the epistolary exchange between a limeño and a cusqueño in a fictional 1943. The historical events after emancipating with Spain (1821), especially the Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836-1839), form the background of these serial novels. Both narrate the future history of these two cities and imagine what would happen if an Inca Empire had been reinstated and survived the unsettled period after Independence. The second chapter focus on Chilean novels ¡Una vision del porvenir! El espejo del mundo en el año 1975 [A Vision of the Future! The Mirror of the World in the Year 1975], by Benjamin Tallman (1875); and Desde Júpiter: Curioso viaje de un santiaguino magnetizado [From Jupiter: The Curious Voyage of a Magnetized Man from Santiago], by Francisco Miralles (1877, 1886). The first one deals with the modernization of Valparaíso and Santiago. The second one is an account of a Chilean man who is being transported to Jupiter. Both fictions attempt to display Chile as a paradigm of progress during the period known as "u201cliberal republic"u201d (1861-1891). In my third chapter, I analyze two important writers of 19th-century Colombia: Soledad Acosta de Samper, who wrote a short story called "u201cBogotá en el año 2000. Una pesadilla"u201d [Bogotá in the Year 2000. A Nightmare]; and José Asunción Silva, who was the author of two poems ("u201cFutura"u201d and "u201cZoospermos"u201d) appeared in his poetry collection Gotas amargas [Bitter Tears]. Acosta de Samper published her short story several times in women magazines until 1905. Gotas amargas was published posthumously in 1918. Both texts deal with the idea of a bleak future in Colombia in the form of critical reflection (Acosta de Samper) or parody (Silva). / Giancarlo Stagnaro

Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Giraldo, Jeanne K. ; Trinkunas, Harold A. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Peru, Chile, Interstate Relations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-103). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

A proposed modeling technique that yields a best fit to observed wide-angle reflection profiles incorporates (1) the use of migrated vertical reflection profiles to provide topographic control, (2) ray tracing to produce theoretical wide-angle reflection profiles for hypothetical crustal sections, and (3) the iterative adjustment of crustal layer dip, thickness and velocity. The technique, applied to four successive wide angle reflection profiles located due west of Callao, Peru, and extending from 50 km west of to 80 km east of the axis of the Peru-Chile trench, suggests (1) that a 5 km thick oceanic crust thickens to 7 km at the trench axis, (2) that the oceanic plate underthrusts the continental plate, and (3) the existence of a previously undetected 7.8 km per sec oceanic layer. Migrated vertical reflection profiles show (1) a series of block faults across 20 km of the trench edge of the continental plate and (2) oceanic basement underthrusting 6 km of the trench edge of the continental plate. / Graduation date: 1974

Detailed surveys of several segments of the Peru Trench show that the region between 6° to 10⁰ S is an area of recent deformation. Seismic reflection records across the axis of the trench show faulting, uplift, and tilting of the sedimentary fill and the acoustic basement. Uplift of the acoustic basement beneath the trench is greatest at 7°40'S and 9°20'S where ridges are elevated above the trench floor. Turbidites occur on top of the ridge at 9°20'S and seaward of the ridge in a basin which is elevated 300 m above the main trench floor. Based upon a hemipelagic sedimentation rate of 1.7 cm/1000 yr, the age of uplift of the ridge is dated at less than 10,000 yrs. B.P. Similarly, the age of uplift of the elevated basin seaward of the ridge is dated at less than 34,000 yrs. B.P. near the ridge and at less than 53,000 yrs. B.P. at the seaward edge of the basin. The trench shoals and turns eastward as one proceeds from south to north along the axis. It divides naturally into three segments separated by the axial ridges at 7°40'S and 9°20'S. The southern segment trends N31W and has an axial depth of 6300 m; the middle segment trends N24W at 6200 m; and the northern segment trends N11W at 5800 m. The upper continental slope is characterized by submarine canyons which funnel sediments into the trench axis. The lower slope is characterized by benches. These benches may define old imbricate thrust sheets. Ridges in the axis are thought to be new imbricate thrust sheets which are forming at the boundaries between segments of the subducted lithosphere. An apparent fracture zone trending N45E enters the area from the southwest. Two turbidite basins (B1 and B2) trending N9E occur northeast of this fracture zone. Turbidite deposition ended in these basins 5100 yrs. ago. The basins intersect the trench axis just north of the ridge at 7°40'S and are presently 700 m above the trench axis. This relative difference in depth is attributed to a combination of subsidence of the trench and uplift of the oceanic plate upon initiation of thrust faulting which presumably occurred 5100 yrs. B.P. There is still insufficient data to determine the exact origin of these basins. From the regional structure, it appears that the lower continental slope of South America is underthrusting the upper continental slope along old imbricate thrust faults beneath the Peruvian continental slope. This overthrusting has caused uplift and accretion of the continental slope and shelf edge and subsidence and sediment infilling of the area between the shelf edge and the coastline. The author suggests that the seismic gap (present lack of large magnitude shallow earthquakes in this area) may be in part due to the highly fractured and deformed nature of the subducted Nazca Plate. Finally, using variable motion along old imbricate thrust faults, the imbricate thrust model provides mechanisms for reorientation of the trench and for episodic subduction of the oceanic plate beneath the trench axis. / Graduation date: 1974

The article purports to express how, in the course of and subsequent to the proceedings in The Hague, the Peruvian Government has defined the legal nature of its 200 miles of maritime domain, by assuming its compatibility with the maritime zones established by United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UnClos). / El presente artículo pretende demostrar cómo, durante el proceso ante La Haya y con posterioridad a este, el Estado peruano ha definido la naturaleza jurídica de sus doscientas millas de dominio marítimo, al asumir su compatibilidad con las zonas marítimas establecidas en la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar (Convemar).

In the late 18th century and the first two decades of the 19th, Spanish seapower in the Pacific was in a state of decline, though it remained strong enough to contribute to the overthrow of the first attempt of the Chileans to liberate their colony from Spain, in 1814. By the time of the second, successful, emancipation of Chile in 1817, the patriots had realised the need for seapower. In that year they took into their service Lord Cochrane, a noted British naval officer then unemployed. Lord Cochrane arrived in Chile at the end of 1818. The squadron at that time is described. With this squadron Lord Cochrane made his first cruise, a reconnaissance in force of the royalist-held Peruvian coast during which Callao was attacked without success. Arising from this reconnaissance, the physical environment of the Mar del Sur is reviewed, together with the state of navigational knowledge. The intention of Lord Cochrane's second cruise, which began in September 1819, was to stage a major attack on Callao. This object was not achieved because of the' squadron's inadequate means and the viceroy's defensive measures, so in December 1819 Lord Cochrane sailed to Valdivia, a fortified city in the south of Chile still in Spanish hands, and captured it by assault in February 1820. There has been same debate about his intentions when he sailed for Valdivia. By early 1820 some of the basic social characteristics of the Chilean navy had emerged and these are examined, firstly from the point of view of the manning of the ships and secondly from the point of view of the problems of discipline and morale that arose. At the same time, the system of naval administration should be examined as its defects and malfunctioning had serious effects on the operating of the squadron, and its efficiency. This data forms the background to the squadron's participation in the liberation of Peru. Initially it played a significant role, firstly by shipping the expedition to Peru and secondly by boarding and taking out of Callao harbour the principal Spanish warship there. These successes were in 1820; in 1821 the squadron's role became less important as the relations between Lord Cochrane and San Martin, the commander-in-chief, deteriorated as a result of the refusal or inability of the latter to pay the squadron. In September 1821 Lord Cochrane seized the Peruvian public funds, allegedly to indemnify the expenses of the squadron, and left Peru. His last cruise, from October 1821 to May 1822, had the object of hunting down the remaining Spanish warships in the Pacific. This cruise here receives its first full account. The cruise completed, though not as successfully as he had hoped, Lord Cochrane returned to Chile. His brief remaining stay in that country was disturbed by difficulties in paying off the ships, disputes with San Martin, and the deteriorating political position of the government. When he received an invitation in November 1822 to take command of the Brazilian navy he accepted, resigned from the Chilean service, and left the country at the beginning of 1823. The dissertation is supplemented by the inventory of the papers in the Dundonald collection which relate to the period of Lord Cochrane's service with Chile. These amount to 2286 items.