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The main aim of this work is to study percolation theory on regular two dimensional / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.

The sustained increase in computing performance over the last decades has brought enough computing power to perform significant audio processing in affordable personal computers. Following this revolution, we have witnessed a series of improvements in sound transformation techniques and the introduction of numerous digital audio effects to modify effectively the time, pitch, and loudness dimensions of audio signals. Due to the complex and multi-dimensional nature of timbre however, it is significantly more difficult to achieve meaningful and convincing qualitative transformations. The tools currently available for timbre modifications (e.g. equalizers) do not operate along perceptually meaningful axes of singing voice timbre (e.g. breathiness, roughness, etc.) resulting in a transformation control problem. One of the goals of this work is to examine more intuitive procedures to achieve high-fidelity qualitative transformations explicitly controlling certain dimensions of singing voice timbre. Quantitative measurements (i.e. voice timbre descriptors) are introduced and used as high-level controls in an adaptive processing system dependent on the characteristics observed in the input signal. / The transformation methods use a harmonic plus noise representation from which voice timbre descriptors are derived. This higher-level representation, closer to our perception of voice timbre, offers more intuitive controls over timbre transformations. The topics of parametric voice modeling and timbre descriptor computation are first introduced, followed by a study of the acoustical impacts of voice breathiness variations. A timbre transformation system operating specifically on the singing voice quality is then introduced with accompanying software implementations, including an example digital audio effect for the control and modification of the breathiness quality on normal voices.

This project was done in the context of FNAL Experiment E781 (the charm baryon study), which took data during the 1996-97 "fixed-target" run, using the SELEX detector, and a 650-GeV sigma hyperon beam derived from a production target exposed to the 1-TeV ultra-high energy proton beam out of the FNAL TEVATRON accelerator.We used the SSH encrypted TELNET to penetrate the BSU firewall to gain access to the FNAL E781 computer system.We did SELEX VDC alignments of runs 5577, and 7413, via telnet to the E781 computer system, using E78 I's SOAP analysis package then broadcasted the results to E781 collaborators.Also, we installed REDHAT-6.2's distribution of the LINUX OS, and then studied, downloaded and investigated (installing/compiling/testing) the E781 SOAP analysis package on several local BSU PC's. We analyzed and displayed these local tests results with the PAW graphics software (itself downloaded from the CERN laboratory). / Department of Physics and Astronomy

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