The propagation of acoustic plate-mode waves in composite membranes is studied. A computer program has been developed and used to calculate the wave velocity and electromechanical coupling factor in these structures which may consist of any combination of piezoelectric layers with arbitrary orientation and surface metallization. In particular, shear modes (SH) in zinc-oxide and selenium membranes, as well as stiffened-Lamb modes in ZnO membranes and ZnO/Si, ZnO/GaAs composite membranes are studied. / The surface-acoustic-wave propagation in selenium and in selenium layers on tellurium has been extensively studied using an improved computer program. The study shows that surface-wave coupling factors in the range of 0.5 to 1.5% are possible with these structures. The calculated sensitivity of the velocity and coupling factor to errors in material constants shows that an accurate value of the e(,11) constant for selenium is necessary for an accurate estimate of the coupling factor. / A technology for fabricating selenium-tellurium layered structures for SAW propagation has been successfully developed. Measurements on fabricated SAW delay lines were carried out and estimates of the coupling factor and the acoustic attenuation obtained. These measurements, taken together with previously published results, confirm that the published value of e(,11) = 0.32 C/m('2) is too small.

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-137). Also available electronically as part of the Australian Digital Theses Program.

Thesis (M.Eng.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2005. / Title from screen page; viewed 16 Aug. 2005. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-137). Also available in print format.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-133) Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-149).

Orientador: Paulo Roberto de Aguiar / Banca: Freddy Armando Franco Baptista / Banca: Fabricio Guimarães Baptista / Resumo: Pesquisadores tem avaliado um grande número de técnicas de monitoramento para controlar a condição superficial de peças. O diafragma piezelétrico de titanato zirconato de chumbo (PZT) é utilizado em muitos campos de pesquisa, mas estes sensores não são comuns no mo-nitoramento dos processos de usinagem. Este trabalho propõe um método para monitorar a condição superficial da peça (usinagem normal e queima) usando um diafragma piezelétrico e técnicas de extração de características. Uma comparação é feita com o sensor convencional de emissão acústica (EA), que é um sensor amplamente utilizado no monitoramento dos proces-sos de usinagem. Os ensaios de usinagem foram realizados em uma máquina de retificação de superfícies utilizando aço ABNT 1045 e rebolo CBN, onde os sinais foram coletados a 2 MHz. As peças foram cuidadosamente analisadas por meio de inspeção visual, rugosidade superficial, medidas de dureza e análises metalográficas. Estudo do conteúdo de freqüência de ambos os sinais foi realizado com o objetivo de selecionar bandas estreitamente relacionadas com a condição da superfície da peça. Filtros digitais foram aplicados aos sinais puros e as características foram extraídas e analisadas. Os valores RMS (Root Mean Square) filtrados nas faixas selecionadas para ambos os sensores apresentaram um ajuste melhor à regressão linear, o que é altamente desejável para estabelecer um limiar para detecção da queima e im-plementação em um sistema de monitoramento. Além disso, os res... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Researchers have evaluated a great number of monitoring techniques in order to control the surface condition of ground parts. Piezoelectric diaphragm of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) are used in many fields, but these sensors are not common in the monitoring of machining pro-cesses. This paper proposes a method for monitoring the workpiece surface condition (normal grinding and burn) by using a piezoelectric PZT diaphragm transducer and feature extraction techniques. A comparison is made with conventional acoustic emission sensor, which is a traditional sensor in the monitoring of machining processes. Grinding tests were performed in a surface-grinding machine with SAE 1045 steel and CBN grinding wheel, where the signals were collected at 2 MHz. The workpieces were thoroughly analysed through visual inspec-tion, surface roughness and hardness measurements, and metallographic analyses. Study on the frequency content of both signals was carried out in order to select bands closely related to the workpiece surface condition. Digital filters were applied to the raw signals and features were extracted and analyzed. The RMS values filtered in the selected bands for both sensors presented a better fitting to the linear regression, which is highly desirable for setting a threshold to detect burn and implementing into a monitoring system. Also, the RMSD index results show an excellent behavior for grinding burn monitoring for both sensors. The method was validated by using a different... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This thesis presents the design, modeling, and experiment of a novel pressure sensor using a dual-mode AT-cut quartz crystal resonator with beat frequency analysis based temperature compensation technique. The proposed sensor can measure pressure and temperature simultaneously by a single AT-cut quartz resonator. Apart from AT-cut quartz crystal, a newly developed Langasite (LGS) crystal resonator is also considered in the proposed pressure sensor design, since LGS can operate in a higher temperature environment than AT-cut quartz crystal. The pressure sensor is designed using CAD (computer aided design) software and CAE software - COMSOL Multiphysics. Finite element analysis (FEA) of the pressure sensor is performed to analyze the stress- strain of the sensor's mechanical structure. A 3D printing prototype of the sensor is fabricated and the proposed sensing principle is verified using a force-frequency analysis apparatus. Next to the 3D printing model verification, the pressure sensor with stainless steel housing has been fabricated with inbuilt crystal oscillator circuit. The oscillator circuit is used to excite the piezo crystal resonator at its fundamental vibrational mode and give the frequency as an output signal. Based on the FEA and experimental results, it has been concluded that the maximum pressure that the sensor can measure is 45 (psi). The pressure test results performed on the stainless steel product shows a highly linear relationship between the input (pressure) and the output (frequency).

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This work presents an investigation of a piezoelectric sensor based energy harvesting system, which collects energy from the surrounding environment. Increasing costs and scarcity of fossil fuels is a great concern today for supplying power to electronic devices. Furthermore, generating electricity by ordinary methods is a complicated process. Disposal of chemical batteries and cables is polluting the nature every day. Due to these reasons, research on energy harvesting from renewable resources has become mandatory in order to achieve improved methods and strategies of generating and storing electricity. Many low power devices being used in everyday life can be powered by harvesting energy from natural energy resources. Power overhead and power energy efficiency is of prime concern in electronic circuits. In this work, an energy harvester is modeled and simulated in Simscape™ for the functional analysis and comparison of achieved outcomes with previous work. Results demonstrate that the harvester produces power in the 0 μW to 100 μW range, which is an adequate amount to provide supply to low power devices. Power efficiency calculations also demonstrate that the implemented harvester is capable of generating and storing power for low power pervasive applications.