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Typescript (photocopy) / xviii, 396 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Adelaide, 1980

Thesis (MTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. / Space limitation in ships and the complex pipe layouts in chemical, mineral and food processing plants lead to the employment of closely spaced bends. The limited information regarding the head loss coefficient of pipe bends orientated as bend-spacer-bend has led pipeline designers to treat them as isolated bends with the same loss coefficient. Thus, to calculate the head loss in the piping system would simply involve summing the head loss coefficient of bends and neglecting their configuration. This practice causes inaccurate computation of head losses in the system. In this study a computational model is developed for the head loss coefficient of closely spaced pipe bends. This is then supported by experimental verification. A more accurate but still simple and easy to use empirical correlation is derived. The empirical correlation is established and the data presented under isothermal conditions for turbulent flows in a range 7.3x104 ≤ Re ≤ 5.8x105 and a spacing ratio of 1D ≤ L/d ≤ 10Dand curvature ratio of 3 ≤ rc/d ≤ 5. Using ANSYS® CFX® 11, a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package, the fluid domain representing two 900 smooth pipe bends separated by a short pipe was solved and the mechanisms causing the head loss coefficient were explored by using the CFD results to visualise the fluid flow structure/pattern. The computational model was validated by comparing the head loss coefficient of a single bend and the model was found to be sound. The experiments conducted in the built test facility using smooth pipes showed similarities in the trends between the CFD work and the published data and they were to be found have a similar trend. The experiment had shown results that agree to the findings from literature.

Mass transfer between n-butanol and water has been studied in cocurrent pipeline flow. The apparatus consisted of a feed nozzle, a glass pipe contactor and a gravity settler. Compositions were determined by refractive index measurements. The variables studied were mass input ratio, total flow rate and contactor length. Pressure drop and holdup ratio also have been determined as a function of input ratio and total flow rate. Phase NTU's, determined directly by a method proposed by Colburn and Welsh (10), were found to correlate with individual phase velocities and also were dependent on the input ratio and the contactor length. Mass transfer stage efficiencies varied from near zero to nearly one-hundred per cent. The magnitude of the end effects was estimated by measuring the amount of mass transfer that occurred with virtually zero contactor length before settling. End effects were large. The pipeline contactor was compared to other experimental liquid-liquid extraction devices described in the literature, and was found to be superior in terms of "contactor effectiveness" and energy requirements. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of / Graduate

[No Abstract Available] / Applied Science, Faculty of / Mechanical Engineering, Department of / Graduate

This thesis is an experimental, analytical and numerical investigation of pipe flows started impulsively from rest and thereafter accelerated exponentially with time. The broad objectives were to reconcile measured base flow and transition inception data with linear stability predictions, [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version] / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, June 1995.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tulsa, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references ( leaves 168-174).