The use of MEPLAN by the Metropolitan Transport Planning Branch of the Cape Town City Council since 1984 was not successful due to apartheid anomalies. EMME/2 was then introduced in 1991 in replacement of MEPLAN. The strengths and weaknesses of both MEPLAN and EMME/2 are recorded in this study.

The challenge of resolving land use allocation and policy questions depends to a large degree on the conversion of data into information, and the effective integration of information into the decision process. Land evaluation is one of the fundamental means of generating information for land planning. Information products have however, been inconsistently and ineffectively used in the decision process. This thesis develops a decision centered approach to land evaluation as a response to this concern. Included in this development is a description of important theoretical concepts, as well as a practical demonstration of the use of decision support systems as a design approach. Initially, a conceptual model is introduced illustrating the technical and use components of information generation, as well as the adaptive design cycle. Various terms and techniques involved in the technical aspects of land evaluation are reviewed. Decision making concepts including decision structure, environment, analysis, and criteria are outlined. Three existing methods of land evaluation are then compared from a use or decision making perspective. Having completed a review of current approaches, Decision Support Systems are introduced as a logical progression towards a decision centered approach. Decision Support System design is demonstrated using a portion of the Central Fraser Valley Regional District as a case study area combined with an interactive microcomputer land planning tool (LANDPLAN). The demonstration emphasizes the advantages of the flexible, interactive capabilities of Decision Support Systems in aiding the decision process. Iterative design is also promoted with several needs identified if a more complete system is to be developed. In particular, data on strategic long term supply and demand factors is required, as well as continuous rating functions for assessing land performance. / Science, Faculty of / Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for / Graduate

With the advent of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation in 2002 and its attendant increases in accountability pressure, many districts and schools currently embrace data analysis as an essential part of the instructional decision making process. In their attempts to overcome low achievement on state-mandated tests, some districts have begun employing data coaches. The study reported here, which was set in three middle schools in a northeast Texas school district, assessed the influence of the campus data coach on a middle school mathematics teachers' use of analyzed data to make instructional decisions. It also examined the extent to which the Data Coach/teacher relationship resolved teacher concerns about data-driven decision making. Phenomenological interviews with data coaches were guided by Seidman's (2006) three-series interview. Measurement of teacher use of data to make decisions was based on the concerns-based adoption model's levels of use interview protocol, stages of concern questionnaire, and innovation configuration map. By the end of one school year, two out of the three teachers never used data to make instructional decisions, although the non-users both had moved closer toward employing the innovation in their classroom. Data indicated all teachers were aware of the innovation, but all three ended the study with high personal concerns, signifying that the minimal efforts made by the data coaches to resolve concerns were not successful. This study's small sample gave the research paradigm of data-based decision making an in-depth glimpse into the process of implementing data-based instructional decision making and the Data Coach position on three middle school campuses in one large northeast Texas district.

自上世紀90年代以來，中國城市空間伴隨經濟的高速增長不斷擴展，迄今為止已經產生了五個巨型城市，高居世界榜首。遺憾的是，中國傳統城市規劃面對高速增長帶來的城市問題和挑戰捉襟見肘。當前的成果著重基於遙感資料的城市外延式空間拓展研究，而對傳統內城的內延式空間增長缺乏考察，而傳統內城恰恰是聚集經濟和城市問題高度集中的地區。外延式拓展往往是內城聚集經濟外溢的結果，故很大程度上是內城空間強度和密度溢出的外在表現。本人通過大量文獻回顧發現，當前中國城市規劃領域在兩個方面的實證研究幾乎是空白：其一是客觀定量考察內城空間增長現象及其機制，其二是科學評估法定規劃在引導城市增長過程中的空間績效。本文力圖通過廣州實證研究，從空間經濟交互的角度實現上述研究空白領域的突破。 / 該研究充分挖掘現行城市土地和建設管理資料、勘測地圖和社會經濟統計的空間-經濟資訊並建立海量資料庫，採用GIS 技術和GWR 空間統計方法，對廣州內城垂直空間強度和水準空間密度的增長進行了定量觀察，科學分析了增長現象背後的空間經濟機制，並籍此對廣州城市規劃管理單元控制導則進行了客觀評估。觀察發現，聚集經濟力量始終支配著空間強度和密度的梯級分佈。地方政府土地供應成為刺激空間強度增長的中堅力量，而地方政府財政支援是空間密度增長的核心動力。同時，空間強度的形成對經濟全球化水準顯示出明顯依賴。分析表明，城市規劃干預雖然對空間增長起到明顯作用，但廣州內城的增長規模遠遠超出了規劃預期，規劃自由裁量權成為規劃適應實際增長需求的關鍵手段，由此可見，實際空間強度和密度的增長並不是規劃控制的成果，而是政府與市場博弈的結果。研究認為，城市中心持續聚集並逐漸溢出蔓延有其必然規律，增長雖然無法有效遏制，但可以通過合理的增長管理實現有效的空間組織，其中城市邊緣地區是增長管理的關鍵。值得注意的是，任何一種管理手段都有正面和負面的影響，有效的增長管理必須基於客觀的空間經濟增長機制，並需建立長效的規劃監控和動態管理機制，而定期的現象觀察和空間規劃績效評估應成為核心內容。 / 該研究強調本國立場，通過設定科學度量方法和建立海量資料庫，對內城空間強度和密度的增長進行了精細觀察和量化分析，並在此基礎上實現了空間規劃績效的客觀評估和科學判斷。這是在我國城市規劃領域的首次嘗試和突破，以期幫助城市規劃和管理者更深入的理解城市增長客觀現象和規律，為中國傳統城市規劃的理念更新和方法創新提供有價值的參考和借鑒，並期待由此引發該領域更深入的思考和探討。 / Urban economic growth has hastened urban spatial expansion since the 1990s in China, and five megacities such as Guangzhou emerged by 2011. The evidence indicates that this growth shows few signs of stopping in the foreseeable future. The ontology and epistemology of Chinese-style urban planning are unfortunately overstretched in terms of the challenges resulting from rapid growth. Urban growth studies have focused on the present achievements of spatial expansion to non-urban areas based on remote sensing data while ignoring the maturely urbanized areas emphasized by urban planning. However, both agglomeration economies and serious urban problems are centralized within the downtown area. Urban sprawl to the non-urban area is a physical consequence of agglomeration economy spillover, and is hence a consequence of spatial intensification and densification spillover. Two kinds of studies have been nearly absent in the realm of Chinese urban planning. The first comprises objective observations on spatial intensification and densification growth patterns and mechanisms in urbanized area. The second comprises reviews and evaluations of planning performance in the urban growth process at the day-to-day administrative level based on objective observations and real-world quantitative evidence. Both types of studies draw forth the objectives of this research. / With an emphasis on the national and local contexts, this dissertation analyzes the spatio-economic mechanisms of urban growth and planning performances in the rapidly growing Guangzhou megacity of the PRD. It is the first exploration targeted at a maturely urbanized inner-city to use a combination of urban construction administration documents, survey maps, socioeconomic statistics, GIS and GWR to observe the spatio-economic mechanisms of urban growth in the vertical and horizontal dimensions for the frantic growth years between 2000 and 2010. Defining the sub-district as a spatial analysis unit, it is also the first study to use massive amounts of digital data to evaluate spatial planning performance at the Zoning level, which is the statutory platform of day-to-day planning administration. This study observed a substantial variety of spatio-economic mechanisms in terms of both vertical and horizontal urban growth across the space. Agglomeration economies dominated the gradient distribution of urban growth no matter what kinds of interventions were imposed according to the planning. Whereas the horizontal growth exhibited significant dependence on government budgetary expenditure, the vertical growth was mainly driven by land supply and greatly dependent on the economic globalization level. The spatial performances of Zoning were effective at protecting historical/ecological interests and guiding the direction of spatial expansion in the city fringe. However, it performed poorly in terms of old town evacuation and new town development. It is surprising that the administration uses planning discretion to shape growth based on a Zoning that has proved impossible to achieve in reality. This study reveals that the traditional Chinese-style planning systems risk urban growth in sustainable development. / This dissertation sheds light on the objective observation and investigation of urban growth mechanisms and planning performances. Its findings could help us better understand urban behavior and make inferences on how socioeconomic processes influence urban growth in different dimensions, which in turn could have considerable effects on planning implementation and spatial performance. Its research achievements could aid in the scientific goal-setting, planning formulation and implementation for better growth management in China’s cities. In particular, this dissertation is expected to trigger cross-disciplinary studies on urban behavior and quantitative planning evaluations based on objective observations. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Huang, Zhen. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-203). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER I --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- International Perspective of China's Megacities --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- National and Local Context of Guangzhou --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Urban Growth in Guangzhou --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Urban Planning of Guangzhou --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Objectives and Questions --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Research Objectives and Subject --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Research Questions and Hypotheses --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Framework and Dissertation Structure --- p.15 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- Literature Review --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1 --- Urban Planning Paradigm and Methodology --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Planning Paradigm shifts with Urban Growth --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Planning Theories Dealing with Urban Growth --- p.19 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Planning Methodology based on the Socioeconomic Context --- p.20 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Chinese-style Urban Planning --- p.23 / Chapter 2.2 --- Detecting and Understanding Urban Growth --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Detecting Urban Growth --- p.26 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Growth Pattern Identification --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Exploring the Driving Force of Urban Growth --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Planning Review and Evaluation for Managing Urban Growth --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- International Experiences --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- National Experiences --- p.30 / Chapter 2.4 --- Sub-summary --- p.31 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- Theory and Methodology --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1 --- Theoretical Framework and Technical Supports --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Interdisciplinary Theories and Techniques --- p.34 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Link between Disciplines and Techniques --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2 --- Measurement Methods and Data Acquisition --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Measures of Urban Growth --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Measures of Planning Performance --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Measures of Urban Economy --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3 --- Research Methodology --- p.42 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Methodology of Phenomena Observation --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Methodology of Correlations Investigation (CIM) --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Methodology of Planning Interpretation (PIM) --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- Sub-summary --- p.54 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- Detecting Urban Growth and Analyzing Planning Performance --- p.55 / Chapter 4.1 --- Database Establishment --- p.55 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Data Collection and Processing --- p.55 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Variables in the Database --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2 --- Detecting Urban Growth --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Overview of Urban Growth --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Distribution of Economic Growth in the Inner City --- p.71 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Spillover of Urban Spatial Growth --- p.73 / Chapter 4.3 --- Detecting the Spatial Performances of Zoning --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Expected Urban Growth Pattern in Zoning --- p.77 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Conformities between Reality and Expectations --- p.81 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Contradictions between Reality and Expectations --- p.84 / Chapter 4.4 --- Detecting Planning Interventions --- p.87 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Expectations of Spatial Development Potentials --- p.88 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Expectations of Capital Agglomeration Potentials --- p.89 / Chapter 4.5 --- Sub-summary --- p.90 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- Examining Urban Growth Patterns and Planning Interventions --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1 --- Analyzing Urban Growth Patterns --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Vertical Urban Growth (VUG) Pattern --- p.95 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Horizontal Urban Growth (HUG) Pattern --- p.96 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Spatial Agglomeration Growth (SAG) Pattern --- p.97 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Economic Growth Pattern --- p.99 / Chapter 5.2 --- Planning Effects on the VUG Pattern --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Model Specification --- p.101 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Spatially Varying Mechanism --- p.103 / Chapter 5.3 --- Planning Effects on the HUG Pattern --- p.108 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Model Specification --- p.108 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Spatially Varying Mechanism --- p.110 / Chapter 5.4 --- Planning Effects on the Economic Growth Pattern --- p.113 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Model Specification --- p.114 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Spatially Varying Mechanism --- p.115 / Chapter 5.5 --- Sub-summary --- p.118 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- Exploring the Spatio-economic Mechanisms (SEMs) of Urban Growth and Estimating Planning Failures --- p.123 / Chapter 6.1 --- SEMs and Planning Effects on VUG --- p.123 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Model Specification --- p.123 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Spatially Varying Mechanism --- p.125 / Chapter 6.2 --- SEMs and Planning Effects on HUG --- p.129 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Model Specification --- p.129 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Findings and Interpretation --- p.131 / Chapter 6.3 --- Spatial Dependence of Economic Elements Growth --- p.132 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Model Specification --- p.132 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Findings and Interpretation --- p.134 / Chapter 6.4 --- Government Intervention Mechanism of Spatial Shaping --- p.136 / Chapter 6.4.1 --- Model Specification --- p.136 / Chapter 6.4.2 --- Spatially Varying Mechanism --- p.138 / Chapter 6.5 --- Estimation of Planning Failures --- p.142 / Chapter 6.5.1 --- Estimation model Establishment --- p.142 / Chapter 6.5.2 --- Findings and Interpretation --- p.143 / Chapter 6.6 --- Sub-summary --- p.147 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- Implications of Planning and Application for Growth Management --- p.153 / Chapter 7.1 --- Perfect Planning in an Imperfect World --- p.153 / Chapter 7.1.1 --- Large Gaps between Planning Wills and Reality --- p.153 / Chapter 7.1.2 --- Complex City System and Dynamic Urban Growth --- p.154 / Chapter 7.1.3 --- Limitations of Traditional Planning --- p.155 / Chapter 7.1.4 --- The Role of Urban Planning --- p.156 / Chapter 7.2 --- Concrete Planning Based on Local Knowledge --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Local Knowledge Learning from Histories --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Local Knowledge Emphasizing Introspection and Empirical Studies --- p.157 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Local Knowledge Supported by Monitoring and Feedback --- p.158 / Chapter 7.3 --- Rationale Planning Adhering to Agglomeration Economies --- p.159 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- Agglomeration Economies: Positive or Negative --- p.159 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- Agglomeration Economies Center: Too Crowded or Not --- p.160 / Chapter 7.3.3 --- Agglomeration Economies: Spatial Diffusion Mechanisms --- p.162 / Chapter 7.4 --- The Paradoxes of Anti-sprawl Planning --- p.163 / Chapter 7.4.1 --- Centralization vs. Decentralization --- p.163 / Chapter 7.4.2 --- Growth Priority in the City Fringe --- p.164 / Chapter 7.5 --- Shaping Growth with Economic Thinking --- p.165 / Chapter 7.5.1 --- Basic Spatio-economic Mechanisms --- p.166 / Chapter 7.5.2 --- Driving a Compact New Town --- p.167 / Chapter 7.6 --- The Pros and Cons of Government Intervention --- p.167 / Chapter 7.6.1 --- Intervention Instruments for Growth Shaping --- p.168 / Chapter 7.6.2 --- Pros and Cons --- p.170 / Chapter 7.7 --- Growth Management Planning (GMP) as an Application --- p.171 / Chapter 7.7.1 --- Role of GMP in the Current Planning Systems --- p.172 / Chapter 7.7.2 --- Methodology of GMP --- p.173 / Chapter 7.8 --- Sub-summary --- p.175 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII --- Conclusion and Limitations --- p.179 / Chapter 8.1 --- Restating the Research Objectives and Questions --- p.180 / Chapter 8.2 --- Measurement and Data Acquisition Innovations --- p.181 / Chapter 8.3 --- Findings of Urban Growth Observation --- p.183 / Chapter 8.4 --- Findings of Planning Evaluation --- p.185 / Chapter 8.5 --- Planning Implications --- p.186 / Chapter 8.6 --- Potential Applications --- p.188 / Chapter 8.7 --- Key Contributions and Significance --- p.190 / Chapter 8.8 --- Limitations and Future Work --- p.191 / References --- p.193 / Appendix --- p.204

Orientadores: Claudia Maria Bauzer Medeiros, André Santanchè / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T03:19:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vilar_BrunoSiqueiraCamposMendonca_D.pdf: 3275725 bytes, checksum: 4ccdd82eebca5b8da9748c7c515ea4c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Workflows (WfMS -- em inglês) são usados para gerenciar a execução de processos, melhorando eficiência e eficácia de procedimentos em uso. As forças motrizes por trás da adoção e do desenvolvimento de um WfMS são aplicações científicas e de negócios. Esforços conjuntos de ambos resultaram em mecanismos consolidados, além de padrões e protocolos consensuais. Em particular, um WfMS científico (SWfMS -- \textit{Scientific WfMS}) auxilia cientistas a especificar e executar experimentos distribuídos. Ele fornece diferentes recursos que suportam atividades em um ambiente experimental, como prover flexibilidade para mudar o projeto de workflow, manter a proveniência e suportar reproducibilidade de experimentos. Por outro lado, apesar de poucas iniciativas de pesquisa, WfMSs não fornecem suporte apropriado à personalização dinâmica e baseada em contexto durante a execução; adaptações em tempo de execução normalmente requerem intervenção do usuário. Esta tese se concentra em superar essa deficiência, fornecendo a WfMSs um mecanismo de ciente do contexto para personalizar a execução de workflows. Como resultado, foi projetado e desenvolvido o DynFlow -- uma arquitetura de software que permite tal personalização aplicada a um domínio: planejamento de saúde. Este domínio foi escolhido por ser um ótimo exemplo de personalização sensível ao contexto. Procedimentos de saúde constantemente sofrem mudanças que podem ocorrer durante um tratamento, como a reação de um paciente a um medicamento. Para suprir a demanda, a pesquisa em planejamento de saúde desenvolveu técnicas semi-automáticas para suportar mudanças rápidas dos passos de fluxos de tratamento, de acordo com o estado e a evolução do paciente. Uma dessas técnicas é \textit{Computer-Interpretable Guidelines} (CIG), cujo membro mais proeminente é \textit{Task-Network Model} (TNM) -- uma abordagem baseada em regras capaz de construir um plano em tempo de execução. Nossa pesquisa nos levou a concluir que CIGs não suportam características necessárias por profissionais de saúde, como proveniência e extensibilidade, disponíveis em WfMSs. Em outras palavras, CIGs e WfMSs têm características complementares e são direcionadas à execução de atividades. Considerando os fatos citados, as principais contribuições desta tese são: (a) especificação e desenvolvimento do DynFlow, cujo modelo associa características de TNMs e WfMS; (b) caracterização das principais vantagens e desvantagens de modelos CIGs e WfMSs; (c) implementação de um protótipo, baseado em ontologias e aplicadas ao domínio da saúde e enfermagem / Abstract: Workflow Management Systems (WfMS) are used to manage the execution of processes, improving efficiency and efficacy of the procedure in use. The driving forces behind the adoption and development of WfMSs are business and scientific applications. Associated research efforts resulted in consolidated mechanisms, consensual protocols and standards. In particular, a scientific WfMS helps scientists to specify and run distributed experiments. It provides several features that support activities within an experimental environment, such as providing flexibility to change workflow design and keeping provenance (and thus reproducibility) of experiments. On the other hand, barring a few research initiatives, WfMSs do not provide appropriate support to dynamic, context-based customization during run-time; on-the-fly adaptations usually require user intervention. This thesis is concerned with mending this gap, providing WfMSs with a context-aware mechanism to dynamically customize workflow execution. As a result, we designed and developed DynFlow ¿ a software architecture that allows such a customization, applied to a specific domain: healthcare planning. This application domain was chosen because it is a very good example of context-sensitive customization. Indeed, healthcare procedures constantly undergo unexpected changes that may occur during a treatment, such as a patient¿s reaction to a medicine. To meet dynamic customization demands, healthcare planning research has developed semi-automated techniques to support fast changes of the careflow steps according to a patient¿s state and evolution. One such technique is Computer-Interpretable Guidelines (CIG), whose most prominent member is the Task-Network Model (TNM) -- a rule based approach able to build on the fly a plan according to the context. Our research led us to conclude that CIGs do not support features required by health professionals, such as distributed execution, provenance and extensibility, which are available from WfMSs. In other words, CIGs and WfMSs have complementary characteristics, and both are directed towards execution of activities. Given the above facts, the main contributions of the thesis are the following: (a) the design and development of DynFlow, whose underlying model blends TNM characteristics with WfMS; (b) the characterization of the main advantages and disadvantages of CIG models and workflow models; and (c) the implementation of a prototype, based on ontologies, applied to nursing care. Ontologies are used as a solution to enable interoperability across distinct SWfMS internal representations, as well as to support distinct healthcare vocabularies and procedures / Doutorado / Ciência da Computação / Doutor em Ciência da Computação

Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Rural development problems faced by the impoverished communities in the Transkei, South Africa, are numerous, and environmental degradation has already taken much of its toll. By working at a micro-catchment-level both the socio-economic and biophysical appreciation of the land resources were captured as encapsulated in the concept of resource management domains. Participatory decision-making allowed functional land use goals and evaluation criteria to be incorporated into computerised multi-criteria evaluation and multi-objective land use allocation models in order to reach an idealised or more sustainable land use situation. In the execution of the decision-making process seven procedural steps were followed, which are discussed in detail and applied in the case study. Synthesis of the results emphasised the envisaged rural planning potential of the methods used. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In terme van plattelandse ontwikkeling staar talle probleme die behoeftige gemeenskappe van Transkei, Suid-Afrika, in die gesig en omgewingsdegradering neem ongehinderd sy tol. Deur op ‘n mikro-opvangsgebied vlak te werk kon beide die sosio-ekonomiese en biofisiese waarde van die gebied se hulpbronne bepaal word en uitgebeeld word in hulpbron bestuursdomeine. Deur deelnemende besluitneming is funksionele grondgebruiksdoelwitte en evaluasie kriteria gebruik in gerekenariseerde meervoudige kriteria evaluering en veeldoelige grondgebruiksaanwysingsmodelle ten einde die ideale of ‘n meer volhoubare grondgebruik situasie te verkry. Vir die uitvoering van die besluitnemingsproses is van sewe opeenvolgende stappe gebruik gemaak en die uitvoering daarvan word in diepte bespreek in hierdie gevallestudie. Sintese van die resultate het die potensiaal van hierdie beoogde landelike beplanningsmetodes beklemtoon.