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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An Algorithm To Resolve The Optimal Locomotion Problem Of Modular Robots

Mencek, Hakan 01 December 2007 (has links) (PDF)
In this study, a novel optimal motion planning algorithm is developed for the locomotion of modular robots. The total energy consumption of the robot is considered to be the optimization criteria. In order to determine the energy consumption of the system, the kinematic and dynamic analyses of the system are performed. Due to the variable number of modules in the system, a recursive formulation is developed for both kinematic and dynamic analyses. Coulomb&#039 / s static and dynamic friction models are used to model the frictional forces at the contact points. In modular robot locomotion, the number of contact points and the positions of the contact points vary with time. As a result, the structure of the dynamic equilibrium equations changes. Depending upon the number and type of contacts (i.e., contact with static or dynamic friction), the dynamic equilibrium equations may lead to an overdetermined, regular or underdetermined system of equations. The last case implies that the system is statically indeterminate. A novel solution method, which takes into account the deflections of the flexible links in the modular robot, is introduced to resolve this statical indeterminacy problem. Another important contribution is the identification of the singularities associated with the dynamic equilibrium equations. It is shown that these equations become singular when all tangential contact point velocities are in the same direction. The developed optimal motion planning algorithm ensures that such singularities are avoided. The procedure is illustrated via a modular, self reconfigurable robot called MTRAN. However, the method may be easily extended to other modular robots by changing the structural parameters. In order to display the resulting motion, a visual simulation program is developed for MTRAN using the commercial software Mathematica.
2

Heurística construtiva e otimização bioinspirada aplicadas à expansão de sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica

Moraes, Camile Arêdes 07 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-07T18:51:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 camilearedesmoraes.pdf: 1914663 bytes, checksum: ecc2f4565f43beb2a29dc47c76ef0296 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T16:54:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 camilearedesmoraes.pdf: 1914663 bytes, checksum: ecc2f4565f43beb2a29dc47c76ef0296 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T16:54:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 camilearedesmoraes.pdf: 1914663 bytes, checksum: ecc2f4565f43beb2a29dc47c76ef0296 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / O problema referente à expansão estática de sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica consiste em determinar, entre um conjunto predefinido de circuitos candidatos à expansão, aqueles que devem ser construídos de forma a minimizar os custos de operação (déficit) e de investimentos no sistema de transmissão, suprindo a demanda prevista para um horizonte de planejamento. Este é um problema de otimização de difícil solução e que apresenta algumas particularidades, tais como: (i) região de solução não convexa, ou seja, com várias soluções factíveis, o que leva grande parte dos algoritmos a convergirem em direção de uma solução ótima local; (ii) a natureza combinatória do processo de planejamento que, normalmente, conduz ao fenômeno da explosão combinatória referente às alternativas de investimento, resultando em um elevado esforço computacional; (iii) a existência de sistemas elétricos não conexos (ilhados). Estas particularidades ilustram as principais dificuldades na elaboração de algoritmos rápidos, eficientes e robustos para a resolução do problema estático da expansão de sistemas de transmissão de energia elétrica. Diante do quadro descrito acima, o presente trabalho propõe uma estratégia de resolução baseada em duas etapas: (a) Inicialmente é feito uso de um algoritmo heurístico construtivo, a partir do qual se objetiva uma solução inicial factível para o problema; (b) Conhecida essa solução inicial, a mesma é repassada ao processo de otimização multimodal, sendo este baseado no fenômeno da ecolocalização. A ecolocalização é um método de otimização multimodal recente quando é comparado com os demais métodos multimodais bioinspirados, sendo a sua aplicação incipiente na área de sistemas elétricos de potência e, portanto, sua utilização uma motivação. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a estratégia de resolução proposta proporciona um aumento da eficiência do processo de otimização multimodal pela busca da otimalidade, uma vez que a solução ótima passa a ser obtida em um número menor de iterações do processo de busca bioinspirado. / The static transmission expansion planning of electrical systems problem consists in determining, among a pre-defined set of candidate expansion circuits, the ones that must be built to minimize the operational costs (deficit) and investment costs in the electrical networks thus meeting the forecast demand in a given planning horizon. This hard-solution optimization problem presents some particular characteristics, such as: (i) non-convex solution region, which means a large number of feasible solutions leading most of the algorithms, used in this situation, to converge to a local optimum; (ii) the combinatorial nature of the planning process which usually leads to the combinatorial explosion related to investment alternatives, resulting in a high computational effort; (iii) the existence of islanded electrical systems. These features illustrate the main difficulties in the development of fast, efficient and robust algorithms to solve the static planning of the transmission expansion of electrical systems. Considering this problem, this work proposes a two-step resolution strategy: (a)Initially, a constructive heuristic algorithm is used in order to obtain a feasible initial solution for the problem; (B) Since this initial solution is known, it is transferred to the multimodal optimization process, based on the echolocation phenomenon. The echolocation is a recent multimodal optimization method when compared with other bioinspired multimodal methods and its application on electric power systems is still incipient so, its utilization may be a motivation. The obtained results indicate that the proposed solution strategy provides increased efficiency for the multimodal optimization process by the search for optimality, since the optimal solution can be obtained in a small number of iterations of bioinspired search process.

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