Orientador: Edivaldo Domingues Velini / Coorientador: Ivana Paula Ferraz Santos de Brito / Banca: Caio Antonio Carbonari / Banca: Leandro Tropaldi / Resumo: Com a proibição da realização de queimadas para a colheita da cana-de-açúcar, e a implantação da colheita mecanizada, foi originado o sistema de produção denominado cana crua. Nele há o acúmulo de grandes quantidades de resíduos na superfície do solo após a colheita, sendo a cultura implantada sobre essa palhada. Nesse sistema a camada de palha pode interferir na dinâmica dos herbicidas, pois é uma barreira a ser transposta até atingir o solo. Visando obter informações acerca da dinâmica de diferentes produtos, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a transposição de herbicidas simulando aplicações direto na palha e diluída na água de chuva em palha de cana- de-açúcar. O estudo realizado no NUPAM, visando determinar a dinâmica de transposição dos herbicidas atrazine, diuron, fomesafen, glyphosate, haloxyfop-p- methyl, hexazinone, indaziflam, S-metolachlor e sulfentrazone em palha de cana-de- açúcar. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições, sendo a palha utilizada cortada em 0,5 x 0,5 cm e acondicionada em cápsulas de polietileno. Tendo 9 tratamentos x 3 épocas experimentais x 2 condições. Sendo a primeira condição, a simulação da chegada do herbicida na superfície da palha após a aplicação direta da calda com pipeta de repetição de 40 μL do volume de calda de cada produto por unidade experimental, enquanto na segunda condição, foi simulada a chegada do herbicida na palha após a ocorrência de chuvas, com 40 μL do volume de calda de cada produto apl... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: With the burning fires prohibition for the sugarcane harvesting, and the mechanized harvest implantation, the production system called raw cane was originated. There is accumulation of large amounts of residues on the soil surface after harvest, and the crop is implanted on this straw. In this system the straw layer may interfere with herbicide dynamics, since it is a barrier to be transposed until reaching the ground, and in order to obtain information about the dynamics of different products, the objective of this work was to evaluate the herbicides transposition simulating direct applications in straw and diluted in rainwater in sugarcane straw. The study was carried out at NUPAM, aimed to determine the transposition dynamics of the herbicides atrazine, diuron, fomesafen, glyphosate, haloxyfop-p-methyl, hexazinone, indaziflam, S- metolachlor and sulfentrazone in sugarcane straw. A completely randomized design with four replications was used, the straw being cut into 0.5 x 0.5 cm and packed in polyethylene capsules. Having 9 treatments x 3 times experimental x 2 conditions. Being the first condition, the simulation of herbicide arrival on the straw surface after the direct application of the syrup with a 40 μL repeating pipette of each product volume per experimental unit, while in the second condition, the herbicide arrival was simulated in the straw after the occurrence of rain, with 40 μL of the volume of syrup of each product applied per experimental unit during the 25 mm rainfall simulation. Soon after, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mm accumulated rain blades and 50, 75 and 100 mm were simulated for the first and second experiments, respectively. The herbicides determination in the solutions was performed by means of chromatographic analyzes using the LCMS / MS system. Data were submitted to normality and homogeneity tests and were subsequently submitted to variance analysis by the F test, with the ... / Mestre

Bibliography: leaves 203-220. / xii, 220 leaves : ill., map ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1993

Bibliography: leaves 203-220.

Bibliography : leaves 159-184. This study found at least three mechanisms of resistance to the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. A modified target -site was responsible for moderate and high resistance to herbicides at the whole plant level. Enhanced herbicide metabolism and reduced translocation of herbicide to the target site was observed in one resistant biotype each.

Bibliography: leaves 209-254. Experiments detailed in this thesis, evaluate the impact of various herbicides and herbicide mixtures on the growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of annual pasture legumes, the efficacy of the herbicides for weed control, and the potential role of mechanical defoliation to replace herbicides, leading to lower cost and more sustainable farming systems.

Bibliography: leaves 128-146. Study was undertaken to determine the occurence and species incidence of wild oats in a major cropping region of southern Australia. Population dynamic studies were undertaken at two sites to define the seed bank decline and emergence pattern of several wild oat populations over a three year period. Management studies were conducted to determine appropriate strategies for the control of wild oats in southern Australian farming systems.

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