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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Ventilator associated pneumonia in major paediatric burns

Rogers, Alan David January 2013 (has links)
Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
2

Three-dimensional techniques for the geometric study of expanded skin surfaces : three-dimensional shape measurement and geometric analysis of expanded skin surfaces with a view to the optimisation of tissue expansion techniques in plastic and reconstruct

Naftel, Andrew James January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
3

Three and four dimensional computed tomographic angiography of free and pedicled flaps : investigating the vascular territories

Wong, Corrine Jui Yin January 2013 (has links)
In plastic surgery, flap reconstruction has been utilised to repair defects in every part of the body, in an effort to restore form and function to patients. The basis of every flap is its blood supply, therefore this series of studies investigates the vascular territory of named arteries, veins and even perforators, utilizing computer tomography (CT) and TeraRecon software. The latter two is technology which allows appreciation of vascular flow in 3D and 4D (dynamic studies), whereas previous studies of vascularity has only been static and in 2D. Vascular anatomy studies were performed using fresh cadavers. Perforator flaps on the anterior trunk studied were the internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) flap, the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap, the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap and the superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap. Posterior trunk flaps included the posterior intercostal artery perforator flap, the lumbar artery perforator flap and the superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap. In the upper extremity, we studied the supraclavicular artery perforator flap. In the lower extremity, we studied the gracilis musculocutaneous flap. Trends and characteristics are noted in the vascular analyses, and four major principles drawn are discussed in the last chapter.
4

In vitro and in vivo studies of tissue engineering in reconstructive plastic surgery

Huss, Fredrik R.M. January 2005 (has links)
To correct, improve, and maintain tissues, and their functions, are common denominators in tissue engineering and reconstructive plastic surgery. This can be achieved by using autolo-gous tissues as in flaps or transplants. However, often autologous tissue is not useable. This is one of the reasons for the increasing interest among plastic surgeons for tissue engineering, and it has led to fruitful cross-fertilizations between the fields. Tissue engineering is defined as an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences for development of biologic substitutes designed to maintain, restore, or improve tissue functions. These methods have already dramatically improved the possibilities to treat a number of medical conditions, and can arbitrarily be divided into two main principles: > Methods where autologous cells are cultured in vitro and transplanted by means of a cell suspension, a graft, or in a 3-D biodegradable matrix as carrier. > Methods where the tissue of interest is stimulated and given the right prerequisites to regenerate the tissue in vivo/situ with the assistance of implantation of specially designed materials, or application of substances that regulate cell functions - guided tissue regeneration. We have shown that human mammary epithelial cells and adipocytes could be isolated from tissue biopsies and that the cells kept their proliferative ability. When co-cultured in a 3-D matrix, patterns of ductal structures of epithelial cells embedded in clusters of adipocytes, mimicking the in vivo architecture of human breast tissue, were seen. This indicated that human autologous breast tissue can be regenerated in vitro. The adipose tissue is also generally used to correct soft tissue defects e.g. by autologous fat transplantation. Alas 30-70% of the transplanted fat is commonly resorbed. Preadipocytes are believed to be hardier and also able to replicate, and hence, are probably more useful for fat transplantation. We showed that by using cell culture techniques, significantly more pre-adipocytes could survive and proliferate in vitro compared to two clinically used techniques of fat graft handling. Theoretically, a biopsy of fat could generate enough preadipocytes to seed a biodegradable matrix that is implanted to correct a defect. The cells in the matrix will replicate at a rate that parallels the vascular development, the matrix subsequently degrades and the cell-matrix complex is replaced by regenerated, vascularized adipose tissue. We further evaluated different biodegradable scaffolds usable for tissue engineering of soft tissues. A macroporous gelatin sphere showed several appealing characteristics. A number of primary human ecto- and mesodermal cells were proven to thrive on the gelatin spheres when cultured in spinner flasks. As the spheres are biodegradable, it follows that the cells can be cultured and expanded on the same substrate that functions as a transplantation vehicle and scaffold for tissue engineering of soft tissues. To evaluate the in vivo behavior of cells and gelatin spheres, an animal study was performed where human fibroblasts and preadipocytes were cultured on the spheres and injected intra-dermally. Cell-seeded spheres were compared with injections of empty spheres and cell suspensions. The pre-seeded spheres showed a near complete regeneration of the soft tissues with neoangiogenesis. Some tissue regeneration was seen also in the ‘naked’ spheres but no effect was shown by cell injections. In a human pilot-study, intradermally injected spheres were compared with hyaluronan. Volume-stability was inferior to hyaluronan but a near complete regeneration of the dermis was proven, indicating that the volume-effect is permanent in contrast to hyaluronan which eventually will be resorbed. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate the effect of the macroporous gelatin spheres, with or without cellular pre-seeding, as a matrix for guided tissue regeneration. However, we believe that the prospect to use these spheres as an injectable, 3D, biodegradable matrix will greatly enhance our possibilities to regenerate tissues through guided tissue regeneration. / On the day of the defence date the status of article V was In Press.
5

On microvascular blood flow assessment with the new microdialysis urea clearance technique

Farnebo, Simon January 2010 (has links)
The aim of this thesis was to develop and evaluate a new way of monitoring blood flow with microdialysis. A thin catheter consisting of a semipermeable membrane is implanted in the tissue being studied. The catheter is perfused by a solution that closely resembles interstitial fluid, and small water-soluble substances are allowed to diffuse passively through the pores of the membrane with the aim at reaching equilibrium with the surrounding tissue.  The minimally invasive character of microdialysis, and its ability to sample from the organ being studied, make microdialysis attractive in most research settings as well as for clinical surveillance. It has, however, become increasingly evident that microdialysis under conditions of non-equilibrium - for example, fluctuating regional blood flow, will alter the results gained. We have therefore aimed to explore the possibilities of developing a new marker of blood flow that will yield information about changes in blood flow that occur in the area of the microdialysis catheter itself. We hypothesised that the changes in the diffusion of exogenous urea could be used as markers of changes in tissue blood flow. The theoretical basis for this approach is that the mass transfer of urea will increase across the dialysis membrane secondary to increased blood flow. As removal of urea from the vicinity of the dialysis membrane increases with increased blood flow, the concentration gradient of urea between the perfusate and tissue will also increase. This in turn will result in a greater loss of urea from the perfusate. The changes noted in retrieval of urea from dialysate by the system are therefore thought to be inversely related to changes in blood flow. We tested our hypothesis in two species of animal (rat and pig) and in man, and in three organ systems (muscle, liver, and skin), and present four papers that indicate that the urea clearance technique provides reliable and reproducible results. The technique was evaluated against conventional metabolic markers (lactate and glucose), the ethanol clearance technique (microdialysis), laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), and polarisation light spectroscopy (TiVi). We present evidence that the urea clearance technique can be used to assess blood flow in the organs studied reliably and reproducibly with microdialysis. The microdialysis technique is minimally invasive and safe for the recipient, and catheters can easily be implanted during operation to monitor organs at risk. Urea is easily analysed as a standard assay among other “basic” metabolic markers (in a standard microdialysis kit) and has favourable characteristics with a standardised measurement system that is routinely used for monitoring metabolites in the clinic. The technique is also effective when used at lower perfusate flow rates (<1 μl/minute), which is advantageous as the recovery of metabolic markers increases at low perfusate flow rates.
6

The role of haem oxygenase-1 in the prevention of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle

Vesely, Martin Jacob John January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
7

Skönhetens pris : En litteraturstudie / The price of beauty : A litterature review

Lundberg, Erika, Jonsson, Petra January 2012 (has links)
No description available.
8

Keratinocytes in tissue engineering of human skin: invitro and in vivo studies

Fredriksson, Camilla January 2008 (has links)
<p>Full thickness wounds, such as deep burns, need restoration of both the dermal and epidermal layers of the skin. In normal wound healing, re-epithelialization occurs by migration and proliferation of keratinocytes from the wound edges and by differentiation of stem cells from remaining hair follicles. Restoration of dermis occurs by influx of growth factors secreted by macrophages, platelets, and fibroblasts; by fibroblast proliferation and subsequent synthesis and remodeling of collagenous dermal matrix. In the case of full-thickness acute burn injuries and chronic wounds (e.g. pressure ulcers, venous ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers), these processes are defective. With the principles of tissue engineering in mind (to correct, improve and maintain tissues and their functions), researchers have developed promising materials and methods to make it possible to restore either the dermal (Integra<sup>®</sup> DRT, Alloderm<sup>®</sup>) or the epidermal layer (split thickness skin grafts (STSG), cultured epithelial autografts (CEA), autologous keratinocytes in single cell suspension). It is now well established that superior results are obtained if both dermal and epidermal components are combined, for example in a bilayered skin equivalent.<strong> </strong>Apligraf<sup>® </sup>is recommended for use on venous ulcers and is the only bilayered living skin equivalent currently approved by the FDA. Studies on different factors affecting the wound healing capacity as well as techniques in use provide valuable information for further development.</p><p>In this licentiate thesis, we evaluated different transplantation techniques for delivering cultured human keratinocytes in single cell suspension, a measure becoming more frequently used in addition to STSG and CEA for restoring the epidermal layer of the skin. We found that the pressure device, commonly used to spray cell suspension onto the wound with pressures as high as 200 kPa, killed around 0% of the cells. In comparison, an ordinary syringe with the attachment of a spray nozzle showed almost 90% viable cells post transplantation and provided an equally good distribution of the cell suspension.</p><p>We also studied different silver containing dressings regarding silver accumulation in human skin. In addition, we graded the re-epithelialization to evaluate whether the dressings caused any delay in the wound healing process. We found that the silver dressings tested, with few exceptions, caused dermal accumulation of silver, primarily aggregated around blood vessels. We could also show that most of the dressings had negative effect on the re-epithelialization.</p><p>For the restoration of the dermal layer of the skin, Integra<sup>®</sup> DRT functions as a scaffold for guided tissue regeneration of the dermis. We had the possibility to study a case of necrotizing fasciitis were the treatment consisted of the use of Integra<sup>®</sup> DTR together with sub-atmospheric pressure (after initial surgical debridement) and later transplantation of split thickness skin grafts. This measure proved to be safe as well as giving satisfactory pliable and aesthetically acceptable result.</p>
9

Ratings of female genital attractiveness pre- and post-genital cosmetic surgery differ by age and gender

Pallatto, Corey Ann 06 October 2011 (has links)
To understand how genital self-image affects sexual well-being, it is important to consider its influence on sexual function and distress. It is also important to learn what type of genital appearance is considered visually appealing to men and women, and whether genitalia modified by cosmetic surgery are judged as more attractive compared to unmodified genitalia. The present study assessed women’s genital self-image, sexual functioning and sexual distress in order to elucidate the relationship between these three elements of sexual well-being. Additionally, genital photographs were presented to men and women in order to assess conceptions of female genital attractiveness relative to surgical status (i.e. before and after). Four hundred and seventy-six women (M age=24.38) completed online questionnaires to assess genital self-image, sexual satisfaction, functioning and distress. The female sample along with 429 men (M age = 27.47) also reviewed pictures of pre- and post-surgery genitalia and rated them on levels of attractiveness. The Female Genital Self-Image Scale, the Relational Concern and Personal Concern subscales of the Sexual Satisfaction Scale – Women, and the Female Sexual Functioning Index were administered. Genital self-image was positively correlated with functioning variables including arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain, and negatively correlated with sexual distress. Men rated unaltered and altered genitalia as more attractive than women; older participants rated unaltered and altered genitalia as more attractive than younger participants, and men and women of all ages found altered genitalia more attractive than unaltered genitalia.Women with positive genital self-image experience higher levels of sexual functioning and lower levels of sexual distress. Female genitalia modified by genital cosmetic surgery are considered more attractive regardless of age and gender. / text
10

Cutaneous malignant melanoma in the Natal province : an epidemiologic study : reflections upon its aetiology.

Flamment, A. H. January 1985 (has links)
The purpose of the study has been primarily to draw a profile of malignant melanoma in the different population groups inhabiting the Natal Province and Kwa-Zulu, to compare the presentation and incidence of the disease between these groups as well as with similar racial groups in different countries. The data collected then permitted to estimate which parameters were relevant in predicting the course of the disease, as well as the results of surgical and adjuvant therapy, and was utilized in a search for the aetiology of the tumour. / Thesis (M.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1985.

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