Thèse--University de Paris.

Thesis--Guo li Taiwan da xue. / Spine title. Edition for 1977 published under title: Qing dai shi xue chu tan. Reproduced from typescript. 880-05 Includes bibliographical references (leaves 290-297).

published_or_final_version / English / Master / Master of Philosophy

The Līlātilakam of late fourteenth-century Kerala represents an attempt to grammatically and aesthetically solidify an ongoing aureate tradition—to borrow the concept from its associations with Middle English authors such as Chaucer—blending the Keraḷa-bhāṣā (old Malayalam) with Sanskrit lexical and poetic systems. That tradition takes shape as a literary and dramatic language known as Maṇipravāḷam—maṇi, the red ruby of Keraḷa-bhāṣā, and pravāḷam, the red coral of Sanskrit. Ideally words of the two language traditions blend together in a seamless and unnoticeable mixture, importing Sanskrit poetics as the basis of its aesthetics. The author of the Līlātilakam adds his linguistic venture to the long line of theoretical contemplation in Sanskrit poetics, but one that is notably distant from Tamil poetic and literary traditions. A primary motivation behind developing Maṇipravāḷam lies in the desire to distinguish Keraḷa-bhāṣā and the region where it is spoken from the socio-linguistic dominance of Tamil. We can see how the author situates his work with Sanskrit poetics by looking at his descriptions of the key concept of rasa, or poetic sentiment, and his encouragement of literary dialogue between two groups of trained cultural elites: the poets and the connoisseurs, the sahṛdayas. / text

This dissertation is a qualitative case study of a woman's poetic process. Rather than examine creativity from the outside, I have viewed it from the inside in an attempt to document my direct engagement, as an emergent woman poet, with my own writing. I have conducted personal, poetic research throughout this project in an attempt to construct a self-portrait of my own creativity. / To do so, I have not attempted to prove a thesis, or strive for scientific objectivity. As the portrait of a woman's imagination, this text narrates the winding course of a transformative journey brought about by my experimentation with a number of writing strategies, or heuristics. Because the drafting of poems is a highly unpredictable endeavour, I have drawn on various techniques, discarding one if I became blocked in order to experiment with the hoped for success of the next. / Chief among the heuristics I have employed was a yearlong fictive correspondence that I entered upon with the Modernist poet, H.D. [Hilda Doolittle]. During our exchanges, I would send her my musing about the writing process along with my poetry which she would critique and send back to me. After completing this epistolary venture, I analysed what our letters revealed about what both blocked and freed my developing voice. I conducted this investigation by laying down a secondary strata of theoretical intertexts addressed to a "Dear Reader" who symbolized my audience made up of my academic committee, in specific, and of writing theorists and scholars in general. / I then appended this two-tiered effort with an introduction, multiple conclusions, and a closing-poem. The resulting structure of my dissertation is that of a palimpsest, a genre that H.D. herself often employed to create a more fluid convergence of autobiographical and mythic motifs. Other heuristics such as key word analysis, bodywork, a photograph exercise, dreams, travel, and the retelling of a fairy tale have been called upon, as well, to further inspire this palimpsest of the poetic process.

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This creative project has been an experiment in the writing of poetry based on a continuing study of the styles and techniques of established poets. The poet most frequently referred to in this project is W.B. Yeats, and his influence appears the most pervasively and consistently in the poems that comprise this project. Less frequently, these poems have also grown from the plot or them suggestions or character creations by Pope, Keats, Tennyson, Browning, Auden, Robinson, and Nash. Many poems area also derived from a study of various forms that poets have found useful in the writing of their poetry, such as the ballad and the Petrarchan sonnet.In addition, this project includes background, analysis, and explication of the twenty-four original poems included, thus attempting an objective critical commentary on the poetry.

This thesis examines the poetics of Odysseas Elytis, which, it is argued, emerged from his intense theoretical work on poetry in the period between 1944 and 1960, and was crystallized in the poems he published from 1960 to 1995. Elytis' poetics is examined in this thesis through the exploration of his ideas on the status and function of poetry, on the role of the poet, and on poetic writing; it is also examined through the exploration of the poetry in which these ideas are put into practice. It is argued in this thesis that Elytis' poetics emerged from his effort to provide his poetry with a concrete theoretical basis, an endeavour he deliberately undertook in the 1940s and 1950s; the evolution of his thought coincided chronologically with the period broadly between 1944 and 1960, that is, the period during which he wrote poems but did not proceed to publish any book of poetry. Elytis' thought reached a point of external stabilization before 1960, since in the poetry he published that year his ideas are systematically put into practice. With the publication of these poems, his poetics entered the dynamic phase of crystallization, which prevails throughout his poetic writing from 1960 to 1995, and constitutes a process during the course of which he explored the internal perspectives opened up by the theoretical frame he set for himself in the years 1944-1960. This thesis explores Elytis' theoretical endeavour and his poetic practice, and examines both the emergence of his ideas in the period between 1944 and 1960 and the crystallization of these ideas in the poetry he published from 1960 to 1995.