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Desenvolvimento regional: um debate sobre as pol?ticas industriais no Rio Grande do NorteLima, ?rica Priscila Carvalho de 22 May 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-05-22 / O debate do desenvolvimento econ?mico ressalta a emerg?ncia de uma gradual mudan?a da
estrutura econ?mica, que passaria de um est?gio agr?rio para o industrial e, posteriormente,
com um setor terci?rio predominante. Entretanto, a elevada desigualdade regional brasileira
resultou na coexist?ncia de espa?os modernos e outros atrasados. Tais disparidades s?o
vis?veis n?o s? no aspecto econ?mico, mas espacial, social e ambiental. Embora o Brasil tenha
atravessado mudan?as na estrutura produtiva, bem como na localiza??o destas atividades, as
disparidades espa?o-territoriais se manifestam em um elevado n?vel de heterogeneidade
regional. Diante desse contexto, o Nordeste emerge como uma regi?o que historicamente foi
caracterizada pelo atraso socioecon?mico e pela presen?a dos piores indicadores de
desigualdades. A presen?a destes indicadores que indicam o atraso socioecon?mico da regi?o
frentes ?s demais colabora para a prioridade da a??o de pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas para
reverterem essa disparidade regional. A descri??o hist?rica das pol?ticas de desenvolvimento
de cunho regional mostra que o Estado desempenhou papel central em prol do ordenamento
territorial. Al?m da cria??o de ?rg?os de desenvolvimento, como a Sudene no Nordeste, os
incentivos fiscais e financeiros foram estrat?gias amplamente utilizadas na regi?o para
promover uma maior integra??o nacional. No entanto, a utiliza??o dos incentivos ? bastante
discutida tendo em vista as poss?veis vantagens e desvantagens trazidas pelo seu uso. Desta
forma o presente estudo pretende construir uma ferramenta de aporte te?rico para a
constru??o de pol?ticas p?blicas eficazes para a industrializa??o no Nordeste e,
especificamente, do Rio Grande do Norte. / The discussion of economic development emphasizes the emergence of a gradual change of
economic structure, which would rise from an agrarian to the industrial stage, and later with a
predominant tertiary sector. However, the high Brazilian regional inequality resulted in the
coexistence of modern spaces and other arrears. Such disparities are visible not only in
economics, but spatial, social and environmental. Although Brazil has gone through changes
in the production structure and the location of these activities, space - territorial disparities
manifest themselves in a high level of regional heterogeneity. In this context, the Northeast
emerged as a region that has historically been characterized by socioeconomic backwardness
and the presence of the worst indicators of inequality. The presence of these indicators
showing the socioeconomic backwardness of the other fronts region contributes to the priority
of action aimed at reverting this regional disparity public policy. The historical account of the
development policies of regional studies shows that the state played a pivotal role in ensuring
regional planning. Besides the creation of development agencies such as the Northeast
Sudene, tax and financial incentives have been widely used strategies in the region to foster
greater national integration. However, the use of incentives is much discussed in view of the
possible advantages and disadvantages brought by its use. Thus, this study aims to build a
theoretical framework tool for building effective public policies for industrialization in the
Northeast, specifically in Rio Grande do Norte.
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